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There were significant differences between the mild-BLS and severe-BLS groups in the period from injury to diagnosis (p = 0.015), chest/back pain (p less then 0.001), constipation (p = 0.001), and maximum TZD dose (p = 0.008). BLS involves posttraumatic autonomic symptoms accompanied by depression and insomnia. The sympathetic hypersensitivity theory could explain its etiology. TZD could effectively and safely treat BLS, and early diagnosis and treatment can contribute toward good clinical outcomes. Enhanced recognition and understanding of this disease are warranted.The "Go To Travel" campaign in Japan, which encouraged people to travel throughout the country, was started in July 2020 to revitalize economic activity that was sluggish due to COVID-19. Although risks of infection spread have been reported for tourists crossing prefectural borders, the spread of infection among residents living in sightseeing resort areas is unclear. This study evaluated the number of COVID-19 cases in residents of sightseeing resort areas in Gunma Prefecture using the descriptive epidemiological method. Data about infected individuals were obtained from open data on the prefectural official homepage. Evaluation of epidemic curves showed that the number of infected cases increased slightly after the start of the campaign, with numbers affected by the occurrence of clusters. Toward the end of 2020, the number of affected cases increased in both resort areas and non-resort areas, with the increase being smaller in resort areas. Thus, the increased occurrence of infection during the campaign suggested a need to take additional preventive measures more so for tourists than for resort area residents.A human hepatocarcinoma cell line, PLC/PRF/5, is susceptible to hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection and is used for isolating this virus. It is difficult to use this cell line for the isolation of HEV directly from fecal specimens of swine or wild boar contaminated with porcine sapelovirus (PSV), because PSV infection results in rapid and extensive cytopathic effects in PLC/PRF/5 cells, interrupting the growth of HEV. Herein, we used a PSV infection-resistant cell line, N1380 derived from PLC/PRF/5 cells, and we successfully isolated an HEV-4b strain from a PSV-positive swine fecal specimen. Our results indicate that N1380 cells are a useful tool for the isolation of HEV from swine or wild boar fecal specimens, even when they are co-infected with PSV.The current study was conducted to examine the number of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) carrier and how horizontal transmission affects the prevalence of HTLV-1 carrier in pregnant Japanese women in 2019. We requested 2,214 obstetrical facilities to provide information of HTLV-1 tests in pregnant women who delivered in 2019. The estimated number of HTLV-1 carrier in pregnant Japanese women was 952. At least 10% or more of the HTLV-1 carriers were those due to horizontal transmission.SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) has infected over 100 million people since it appeared in Wuhan, China just 1 year ago. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between interleukin-6 (IL-6)gene polymorphisms -174G/C and -597G/A and COVID-19 course. The study included a total of 70 patients aged 18-45 years who were hospitalized in our hospital and diagnosed with COVID-19 in Turkey between March and November 2020. Of these, 40 patients required intensive care admission due to macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) and 30 patients did not develop MAS or acute respiratory distress syndrome. The frequency of IL-6-174G/C -and 597G/A polymorphisms was determined. There were statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of -174G/C allele and genotype frequency and comparison with Hardy-Weinberg distribution (χ2=10.029, df=1, p=0.002 and χ2=9.998, df=1, p=0.002, respectively). The frequency of the GG genotype was significantly higher in the MAS group compared to the non-MAS group (p=0.002). The G allele was also significantly more frequent in the MAS group compared to the non-MAS group (p=0.032). Analysis of the -174G/C polymorphism in patients with MAS showed that the G allele may be a risk factor for increased serum IL-6 levels and progression to MAS.From February 14 to May 31, 2020, the Okinawa prefecture confirmed 142 cases of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Among them, 78 were the first cases of a household, with 174 household contacts. Of the 174 contacts, 21 contracted infection, indicating a secondary attack rate of 12.1% (95% confidence interval (CI) 7.6-17.9%). No significant differences were observed in the demographics and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) test results between first cases who became the source of infection to the household members or not. The secondary attack rates per various characteristics of the household members were significantly different aged > 69 years (40.9% [95% CI 20.7-63.6%]) and those with underlying diseases (36.0% [95% CI 18.0-57.5%]). When the period from the onset to the isolation of the first household case was within 3 days, the secondary attack rate was low (4.5% [95% CI 0.1-22.8%]). Among the 21 secondary cases, 11 (52.4%) developed within 5 days from symptom onset in the first case within the same household. This indicates that secondary infection within the household occurred immediately after symptom onset in the first case. Thus, isolation of a suspected patient is a solution to reduce secondary household infections.Vibrio vulnificus (V. vulnificus) infection is rare but potentially fatal. This study explored the new atypical manifestations and prognostic factors of V. vulnificus-infected patients throughout hospitalization. we retrospectively reviewed 33 patients diagnosed as having V. vulnificus infection in Guangdong Province, China between 2010 and 2020. Medical records were analyzed. see more Multiple logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed. New atypical manifestations were found, including cholangitis, urinary tract infection, and suppurative otitis media. Eleven of thirty-three (33.3%) V. vulnificus-infected patients died eventually. By univariate analysis, patients with cardio-cerebro-vascular diseases, lower platelet counts, higher levels of C-reactive protein and procalcitonin (PCT) had a statistically higher mortality. However, multivariate analysis showed that only PCT (P = 0.036) reached statistical significance. Also, the area under the ROC value estimate for PCT was 0.
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