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The current work presents a promising approach to stabilize Li metal anodes for next-generation Li secondary batteries.Background There is no standard surgical method for treating pancreatic head tumors with fat replacement of the pancreatic body and tail. Total pancreatectomy procedures are usually performed to excise pancreatic head tumors and lead to endocrine function loss and subsequent development of diabetes. We present a rare case where the adipose tissue was preserved during pancreaticoduodenectomy in a patient with a solid pseudopapillary neoplasm and fat-replaced pancreatic body and tail. Case presentation Contrast-enhanced computed tomography scans of a 43-year-old man revealed a tumor measuring approximately 3 cm in size with calcification in the pancreatic head. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography showed that the pancreatic ducts in the body and tail were completely disrupted. Furthermore, endoscopic ultrasonography showed no pancreatic parenchyma in the body and tail of the pancreas, with disruption in the main pancreatic duct. Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration led to the final paits, indicating that the endocrine function (insulin secretion ability) was preserved during the 1.5 years following surgery. Conclusions In patients with pancreatic head tumors, pancreaticoduodenectomy that preserves fat-replaced pancreatic body and tail tissues can preserve postoperative endocrine function.Purpose Acetabular bone loss is a challenging problem in revision total hip arthroplasty (rTHA). Severe bone loss is not uncommon especially in periprosthetic joint infection. Surgical options, including revision shells, rings, and cages-with or without bone allograft-are affected by high complication rates and unsatisfactory clinical results. We report our mid-term results of non-flanged, custom-made acetabular components in staged rTHA. Methods We retrospectively reviewed all patients undergoing two-stage revision with acetabular custom-made implants between 2014 and 2016 at a single institution. Harris Hip Scores, Oxford Hip Scores, and Visual Analogue Scales for pain were obtained, and radiographical follow-up was performed. Complications were reported and analysed. Results We included 19 patients (19 hips) with an average follow-up of 42.3 ± 11.8 months. At the time of re-implantation, significant acetabular bone loss according to Paprosky classification (IIC, IIIA-B, and pelvic discontinuity) was detected in our patients. Clinical outcomes showed statistically significant improvement from pre-operative visit to last follow-up (p less then 0.01). All custom-made implants had radiological osseointegration, and we did not find any implant complications, such as loosening or malposition. No mismatch between pre-operative planning and intra-operative findings was observed. To date, we report one septic failure managed with second staged revision, and one re-operation for recurrent THA dislocation. Conclusions Custom-made acetabular implants showed excellent clinical and radiographic mid-term outcomes with a low rate of related complications, providing implant stability on residual host bone, restoring hip biomechanics, and allowing biological osseointegration. Further long-term studies are needed to confirm preliminary results.Transcription factor 21 (TCF21) is a member of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors that mediate cell fate and differentiation by orchestrating temporal and spatial gene expression during the development of various organs. It plays a crucial role in a wide spectrum of biological processes, including organogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell cycle, autophagy, proliferation, differentiation, specification, maturation, and survival of cells, as well as invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. Controlled expression and activity of TCF21 provide a balanced transcriptional program that guarantees appropriate growth and maturation during embryogenesis and organ development. Its dysregulation is closely correlated with a variety of diseases, including cancer. Its function is mainly regulated by non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), post-translational modifications (PTMs), and protein-protein interactions. However, the exact mechanisms of TCF21 dysregulation in disease progression are still elusive. This review summarizes the regulatory mechanisms of TCF21 expression and activity and highlights its critical role in health and disease. This information may contribute to the development of better diagnostics and treatments for cancer and other developmental diseases.Potential risks of COVID-19 spread during minimally invasive procedures caused several concerns among surgeons, despite the lack of high-level evidence. Urological robotic and laparoscopic surgery is performed in elective setting in almost all occasions, thus allowing adequate planning and stratification. Two high-volume urological centers in Italy performed 77 robotic and laparoscopic surgeries during the "lockdown" period and adopted various strategies to prevent contamination. First of all, all patients were tested negative with nasopharyngeal swab before the surgical intervention. Patients and personnel were provided adequate personal protective equipment and intraoperative strategies to prevent smoke formation and pneumoperitoneum spread were adopted. No patients nor staff members tested positive for COVID-19 during a 15-day follow-up period. In conclusion, minimally invasive urologic surgery can be safely performed during the pandemic period with adequate planning. We believe that renouncing the benefits of it would be counterproductive, especially in a scenario of long-lasting cohabitation with the virus.Background Groin hernia is a major public health problem with over 200 million people affected. see more The unmet need for surgery is greatest in Sub-Saharan Africa where specialist surgeons are few. This study was carried out in Uganda to investigate caseloads and practices of groin hernia surgery at publicly funded hospitals. Methods The study employed mixed methods covering 29 hospitals the National Referral Hospital (NRH), 14 Regional Referral Hospitals (RRH) and 14 General Hospitals (GH). In part one of the study, surgeons and medical doctors performing hernia repair were interviewed about their practices and experiences of groin hernia surgery. In part two, operating theater records from 2013 to 2014 from the participating hospitals were reviewed and information about groin hernia operations collected. Results All respondents reported that sutured repair was the first-choice method. A total of 5518 groin hernia repairs were performed at the participating hospitals, i.e., an annual hernia repair rate of 7/100 000 population.
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