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Prolonged Non-Coding RNA MEG3 within Cellular Stemness.
MOTIVATION MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that play important roles in gene regulation and phenotype development. The identification of miRNA transcription start sites (TSSs) is critical to understand the functional roles of miRNA genes and their transcriptional regulation. Olaparib chemical structure Unlike protein-coding genes, miRNA TSSs are not directly detectable from conventional RNA-Seq experiments due to miRNA-specific process of biogenesis. In the past decade, large-scale genome-wide TSS-Seq and transcription activation marker profiling data have become available, based on which, many computational methods have been developed. These methods have greatly advanced genome-wide miRNA TSS annotation. RESULTS In this study, we summarized recent computational methods and their results on miRNA TSS annotation. We collected and performed a comparative analysis of miRNA TSS annotations from 14 representative studies. We further compiled a robust set of miRNA TSSs (RSmirT) that are supported by multiple studies. Integrative genomic and epigenomic data analysis on RSmirT revealed the genomic and epigenomic features of miRNA TSSs as well as their relations to protein-coding and long non-coding genes. CONTACT [email protected], [email protected]. © The authors 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications. All rights reserved.BACKGROUND Selfies and filtered selfies are becoming more prevalent throughout society and in the facial plastic surgery clinic. The term "Snapchat dysmorphia" has been used to describe patients seeking procedures to look like their selfie or filtered selfie. This is particularly frequent in the Millennial population, aged 22 to 37 years. OBJECTIVES The authors sought to determine the effects on first impression from different photograph types selfies, filtered selfies, a rear-facing smartphone camera, and a digital camera (DC). We hypothesize that the DC photographs will have the highest rated first impressions among evaluators despite the popularity of selfies and filtered selfies. METHODS This study included 240 evaluators and 4 patients each completing the 4 different photograph types. The evaluators completed a survey rating first impression on various measures of success for each photograph type. RESULTS A total of 960 first impressions were recorded for each of the 8 subscales, yielding 7680 individual assessments of first impression. The DC photograph was found to have the highest first impression scores among the 4 photograph types. There was no statistical difference between selfies and filtered selfies. The rear-facing smartphone camera received the lowest first impression scores. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that the standard DC photograph taken during a preoperative consultation has higher first impressions than selfies or filtered selfies. Although "Snapchat dysmorphia" may continue to be a growing trend in the near future, our findings provide important information to discuss with patients in the preoperative visit to set realistic expectations. © 2020 The Aesthetic Society. Reprints and permission [email protected] QUESTION To what extent does fecundability vary across seasons? SUMMARY ANSWER After accounting for seasonal patterns in pregnancy planning, we observed higher fecundability in the fall and lower fecundability in the spring, particularly at lower latitudes. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY In human populations, there are strong seasonal patterns of births that vary across geographic regions and time periods. However, previous studies of seasonality and fecundity are limited because they examine season of birth rather than season of conception and therefore neglect to account for seasonal variation in initiating attempts to conceive or pregnancy loss or differences in gestational length. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION We conducted a preconception cohort study of 14 331 women residing in North America (June 2013-May 2018 n = 5827) and Denmark (June 2007-May 2018 n = 8504). Participants were attempting to conceive without fertility treatment and had been attempting pregnancy for ≤6 menstrual cycles at enrolment. PARTICounting for seasonality in initiation of pregnancy attempts. Fecundability was highest in the fall and lowest in the spring, with stronger effects in southern latitudes of North America, suggesting that seasonal exposures may affect fecundity. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This research was funded by the Eunice K. Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R21-050264, R01-HD060680, R21-HD072326 and R01-HD086742) and the Danish Medical Research Council (271-07-0338). The authors declare no conflicts of interest. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail [email protected] QUESTION Do diet, physical activity and contraceptive use change after receiving a diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)? SUMMARY ANSWER Using longitudinal data 12 months apart, young women newly diagnosed with PCOS were more likely to stop using contraception but did not change their physical activity or vegetable intake. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Diagnostic criteria for PCOS have widened to capture more women, despite limited evidence of the benefits and harms. Possible benefits of a PCOS diagnosis are that it may help women with family planning and motivate them to implement healthy lifestyle changes to reduce the reproductive, metabolic and cardiovascular risks associated with PCOS. However, there are no empirical studies investigating how women respond to a diagnosis of PCOS with respect to their health behaviour, and longitudinal population-based studies are lacking. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This is a longitudinal analysis of two waves of data collected 12 months apart from the cohort bornINTEREST(S) The Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health is funded by the Australian Government Department of Health. BWM reports consultancy for ObsEva, Merck, Merck KGaA and Guerbet. No further competing interests exist. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail [email protected].
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