Notes

Eyesight wellbeing outreach services in the Hawaiian Countries area: an up-to-date account.
To assess postoperative outcomes and predictive factors of patients observed prior to microsurgery and those undergoing upfront resection for small and medium-sized VS.

Retrospective cohort.

Tertiary referral center.

VS patients who had microsurgery from 2003 to 2018 for tumors up to 2.5 cm.

Postoperative outcomes including facial nerve function and interventions, complications, extent of resection, and salvage therapy.

Of 220 patients, 120 were initially observed, and 100 pursued upfront microsurgery. There was no significant association between initial observation and upfront microsurgery for postoperative facial nerve function at 2 to 3 weeks (p = 0.18) or 12 months (p = 0.5), facial nerve intervention (p = 0.5), major/minor complications (p = 0.48/0.63), recurrence (p = 0.8), subtotal resection (p = 0.6), or salvage therapy (p = 0.9). Time from initial consultation to surgery did not significantly impact outcomes. Intrameatal tumors were more likely to be observed (odds ratios [OR] 2.93; 95% C and smaller tumors without brainstem compression.
This project investigated the effects of round window membrane (RWM) sealants after surgical incision, with a focus on audiological thresholds, ossicular mechanics, and the impact upon cochlear function and pathology.

Twenty-eight guinea pigs were randomly allocated to one of three sealant groups (muscle, n = 7; fascia, n = 7, Tisseel, n = 8) or an unsealed control group (n = 6). Preoperative hearing was measured using auditory brainstem responses (ABRs). The ossicular chain and RWM were exposed surgically, and Laser Doppler Vibrometry (LDV) measurements were obtained from the long process of the incus. The RWM was incised then sealed (or left unsealed) according to group. ABR testing and LDV measurements were repeated 4 and 12 weeks after surgery. At 12 weeks all cochleae were harvested.

ABR thresholds deteriorated over time in all groups. Overall, group was not statistically significant (p = 0.064). There was no significant effect by group on LDV measurements (p = 0.798). Histopathological analyses of the RWM showed that the fascia group had more extensive fibrosis than other groups (Independent-Samples Median Test, p = 0.001). However, there were minimal differences in the outer hair cell counts between the different intervention groups.

All the interventions appeared to be safe while none affected the cochlear mechanics or hearing thresholds in a statistically significant manner.
All the interventions appeared to be safe while none affected the cochlear mechanics or hearing thresholds in a statistically significant manner.
Inflammatory pseudotumor of the temporal bone is a benign idiopathic inflammatory process that is rarely encountered in clinical practice. We describe a novel case of a patient who developed superior semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome in the setting of active inflammatory pseudotumor of the temporal bone.

One female patient found to have inflammatory pseudotumor of the temporal bone. After treatment with mastoidectomy and steroids, she subsequently developed superior semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome.

The patient initially underwent myringotomy and pressure equalization tube placement for a unilateral effusion. Imaging with computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a lytic mastoid mass. A complete mastoidectomy was diagnostic for inflammatory pseudotumor and the patient was treated with adjuvant long-term corticosteroids. After this procedure, she was discovered to have new development of symptomatic superior semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome. She eventually underwent a tr.
Inflammatory pseudotumor of the temporal bone is a rare benign inflammatory process. We present what is to our knowledge the first description of superior semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome developing in the setting of inflammatory pseudotumor.
Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is characterized by a chronically draining middle ear. CSOM is typically treated with multiple courses of antibiotics or antiseptics which are successful in achieving quiescence; however, the disease is prone to relapse. Understanding why these treatment failures occur is essential.

The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimal biofilm eradication concentration, and the inhibitory zone were determined for ototopicals and ofloxacin for the laboratory strains and CSOM-derived isolates. The percentage of persister cells and bacterial biofilm formation were measured. Disease eradication was tested in a validated in-vivo model of CSOM after treatment with ofloxacin.

Microbiology Laboratory.

Basic science experiments were performed to measure the effectiveness of a number of compounds against CSOM bacteria in a number of distinct settings.

The minimal biofilm eradication concentration is higher than is physiologically achievable with commercial preparations, et ototopicals, except povo-iodine, have limited clinical effectiveness; however, it is unknown what the maximum achievable concentration is and there are ototoxicity concerns. Fluoroquinolones, while successful in producing inactive disease in the short term, have the potential to encourage antimicrobial resistance and disease recalcitrance and do not achieve a permanent remission. Given these limitations, clinicians should consider surgery earlier or use of clinically safe concentrations of povo-iodine earlier into the treatment algorithm.
The Ebers papyrus (1,550 BC) is one of the most complete medical papyri of Ancient Egypt. It contains a few paragraphs about otology, about both treatments of the external ear and ideas concerning the ears and deafness. Over the years, many scholarly interpretations of these paragraphs have been made by learned Egyptologists and academic historians of otology. They do not always agree and have often been critical of each other. This historical review compares and contrasts all the main published academic translations of the Ebers papyrus by looking at the original document and their interpretations.

Historical research, based on the various translations of the Ebers papyrus.

Eight complete translations of the whole Ebers manuscript have been analyzed. Cell Cycle inhibitor Four of these contain transliteration of the hieroglyphics. The hieroglyph associated with the ear is a pictogram of a cow's ear. It has two possible interpretations. It can mean the ear itself but it can also be used to denote either deafness or hearing.

Insights into the early Egyptians perception of the ear may be obtained, but study of primary references shows that there is scant evidence of knowledge of anatomical details in the Ebers papyrus.
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