Notes

Hip Arthroplasty in Patients together with Osteogenesis Imperfecta.
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a multitude of effects on daily life. Aesthetic and cosmetic surgery practices have been significantly reduced in their working capacity or closed during this time. We used Google Trends to gauge the public's interest in facial plastic surgery during this pandemic, and how it has changed over the preceding months. As local shelter-in-place orders are being lifted, interest in facial plastic surgery is increasing even in the context of an ongoing national pandemic. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE V Letter to the Editor.
The reconstruction of cartilage defects for cosmetic and/or functional reasons has become routine in plastic and reconstructive surgery. However, it remains challenging due to the slow turnover and low viability of cartilage grafts. Although autologous grafts can be used to determine the shape of the defect in cartilage-reconstruction surgeries, the effect of defect shape on cartilage healing has not been reported. Here, we present the first study aiming to investigate the influence of cartilage graft geometry on healing.

Twelve New Zealand white rabbits were used in the study. Square-, rectangle-, sphere-, and fusiform-shaped cartilage defects were applied to both ears with 1-cm
geometric templates that completely elevated the cartilage tissue without damaging the opposite perichondrium. As a control, the removed cartilage was sutured back to the right ear, whereas the left ear was sutured back without any graft. Histological examinations were made on samples taken during surgery and those taken four mdence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .Hypertrophic scars, resulting from alterations in the normal processes of cutaneous wound healing, are characterized by proliferation of dermal tissue with excessive deposition of fibroblast-derived extracellular matrix proteins, especially collagen, over long periods, and by persistent inflammation and fibrosis. Hypertrophic scars are among the most common and frustrating problems after injury. As current aesthetic surgical techniques become more standardized and results more predictable, a fine scar may be the demarcating line between acceptable and unacceptable aesthetic results. However, hypertrophic scars remain notoriously difficult to eradicate because of the high recurrence rates and the incidence of side effects associated with available treatment methods. This review explores the various treatment methods for hypertrophic scarring described in the literature including evidence-based therapies, standard practices, and emerging methods, attempting to distinguish those with clearly proven efficiency from anecdotal reports about therapies of doubtful benefits while trying to differentiate between prophylactic measures and actual treatment methods. Unfortunately, the distinction between hypertrophic scar treatments and keloid treatments is not obvious in most reports, making it difficult to assess the efficacy of hypertrophic scar treatment.
Lipoinjection is a promising treatment but has some problems, such as unpredictability and a low rate of graft survival due to partial necrosis.

To overcome the problems with lipoinjection, the authors developed a novel strategy known as cellassisted lipotransfer (CAL). In CAL, autologous adiposederived stem (stromal) cells (ASCs) are used in combination with lipoinjection. A stromal vascular fraction (SVF) containing ASCs is freshly isolated from half of the aspirated fat and recombined with the other half. This process converts relatively ASC-poor aspirated fat to ASC-rich fat. This report presents the findings for 40 patients who underwent CAL for cosmetic breast augmentation.

Final breast volume showed augmentation by 100 to 200 ml after a mean fat amount of 270 ml was injected. Postoperative atrophy of injected fat was minimal and did not change substantially after 2 months. Cyst formation or microcalcification was detected in four patients. Almost all the patients were satisfied with the soft and natural-appearing augmentation.

The preliminary results suggest that CAL is effective and safe for soft tissue augmentation and superior to conventional lipoinjection. Additional study is necessary to evaluate the efficacy of this technique further.
The preliminary results suggest that CAL is effective and safe for soft tissue augmentation and superior to conventional lipoinjection. Additional study is necessary to evaluate the efficacy of this technique further.
During rhinoplasty, it is typically necessary to use cartilage to shape and support the final nasal construct to provide both form and function to the nose (Tanna et al. in Plast Reconstr Surg 141(1)137e-151e, 2018; Guyuron in Plast Reconstr Surg 105(6)2257-2259, 2000; Kim et al. selleckchem in Ann Plast Surg 65(6)519-523, 2010). The septal cartilage is the ideal graft both for its ease of access and quality of cartilage. However, this graft is a limited resource, and economy of its use is important as to negate the need to harvest cartilage from the ear or rib.

1. To share the senior author's 40years' experience with the economy of septal cartilage. 2. To identify the areas of the septal cartilage most suitable for a particular graft. 3. To discuss the common grafts that are used in rhinoplasty. 4. To identify when other sources of cartilage are needed and where to best use those grafts. 5. To present option for preservation of the leftover septal cartilage.

Overall consideration should focus on the size, thickness, and curvature of the graft contemplating the structural and functional needs of the rhinoplasty maneuvers.

This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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