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Until broad vaccination coverage is reached and effective therapeutics are available, controlling population mobility (ie, changes in the spatial location of a population that affect the spread and distribution of pathogens) is one of the major interventions used to reduce transmission of SARS-CoV-2. However, population mobility differs across locations, which could reduce the effectiveness of pandemic control measures. Here we assess the extent to which socioeconomic factors are associated with reductions in population mobility during the COVID-19 pandemic, at both the city level in China and at the country level worldwide.

In this retrospective, observational study, we obtained anonymised daily mobile phone location data for 358 Chinese cities from Baidu, and for 121 countries from Google COVID-19 Community Mobility Reports. We assessed the intra-city movement intensity, inflow intensity, and outflow intensity of each Chinese city between Jan 25 (when the national emergency response was implemented) andw socioeconomic level-eg, by providing financial assistance and improving public health messaging. However, our study design only allows us to assess associations, and a long-term study is needed to decipher causality.

Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Research Council of Norway, Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission, Beijing Natural Science Foundation, Beijing Advanced Innovation Program for Land Surface Science, National Natural Science Foundation of China, China Association for Science and Technology.
Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Research Council of Norway, Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission, Beijing Natural Science Foundation, Beijing Advanced Innovation Program for Land Surface Science, National Natural Science Foundation of China, China Association for Science and Technology.This article explores the role of assessments in integrated behavioral health within a pediatric primary care setting, specifically exploring what valid and reliable standardized assessments may be used and for what concerns the assessment be of most use. The article also considers how assessments used by integrated behavioral health may inform the type of evidenced-based intervention that would be most appropriate and efficacious for the patient, as well as assist in determining if longer term or more formal mental health treatment may be required.Accumulating evidence documenting the high percentage of patients who first discuss mental health needs with their primary care physician has accelerated the integration of physical and mental health care to a national priority. Several models have been developed describing how health care settings can integrate physical and mental health care and how training programs might better prepare clinicians to work in integrated behavioral health care settings. This article explores models of integrated behavioral health, highlights contributions of social work and psychology, and describes the training and experiences of social workers and psychologists working in integrated behavioral health.Pediatric patients often work with multiple health care providers for complex presenting concerns. This complexity has called for pediatric health care providers to strengthen interdisciplinary relationships with mental health providers to meet patient needs. Integrated behavioral health collaborative practice models, using the Interprofessional Education Collaborative competencies, provide the necessary scaffolding to train medical and mental health professionals. A multicultural framework can be integrated into the interprofessional education curricula to better equip health care professionals to provide culturally competent services that decenter hierarchy, power, privilege, and implicit bias, resulting in improved access and quality of comprehensive health care services.The integrated behavioral health care model in primary care has the potential to reduce barriers to care experienced by children and families from ethnic minorities and low socioeconomic status. Limited access to pediatric behavioral health care is a significant problem, with up to 40% of children and adolescents with identified mental disorders and only 30% of them receiving care. Barriers include transportation, insurance, and shortage of specialists. Primary care provider bias, decreased knowledge and feelings of competence, and cultural beliefs and stigma also affect earlier diagnosis and treatment, particularly for Hispanic families with low English proficiency and African Americans.Millions of children and adolescents are living with a chronic condition. It is common for mental and behavioral health challenges to arise during their courses of illness. With the complexity of care needed, pediatric subspecialty providers have recognized the need to integrate behavioral health interventions into practice. Continued research in this area has allowed for focused behavioral interventions, particularly in diabetes and asthma. Adult congenital heart programs have adapted a similar model of care and have shown promising success in promotion of health. More established programs have been in existence for childhood cancer and cystic fibrosis.Behaviour disorders are common in children. Various studies in children and Adolescents in India have found that 6% to 30% of study participants had one or other behaviour This calls for emphasis on integration of behavioral health (IBH) in the training programs for medical undergraduates and postgraduates in paediatrics. This article examines the current medical training programs for IBH of children and adolescents in curriculum of these programs in India. Pediatrics residency programs are described. The impact of Indian culture on IBH issues is also discussed. Ideas for integrating behavioral health in Medical education in India are given.Integrated behavioral health models of care offer many benefits for patient experience and outcomes. However, multidisciplinary teams are comprised of professionals who each may have different professional norms and ethical obligations, which may at times be in conflict. selleck compound This article offers a framework for negotiating potential conflicts between professional norms and expectations across disciplines involved in integrated behavioral health teams.
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