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81 to 13.23%. This method was successfully applied for the determination of rifampin in different kinds of aquatic products and rifampicin residue was found in aquatic products obtained from markets in Beijing, China. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.BACKGROUND Clinical conditions leading to delivery are heterogeneous. However, most studies examining the short- and long-term consequences of birth on child health only consider gestational age at delivery, not the underlying cause. OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of both gestational age at delivery and underlying cause of delivery on child health outcomes. METHODS This population-based retrospective cohort study of singleton infants born in Alberta (April 2004-March 2005) used linked administrative and perinatal data to identify birth subtypes by underlying cause (infection/inflammation (I/I), placental dysfunction (PD), both, or neither), gestational age at delivery, and child health outcomes (neonatal morbidity and mortality, paediatric complex chronic conditions, and neurodevelopmental disorders and disabilities). Poisson regression with robust variance was used to assess differences in the (adjusted) risk ratio (RR) of each outcome by gestational age, and by cause of delivery. The roles of gestational a0 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.in English, French OBJECTIF Explorer l'impact des propriétés d'écoulement des poudres, comme l'énergie d'écoulement et la compressibilité, sur les caractéristiques de performance des fond de teint en poudres comme la quantité de poudre prélevée (rendement) et la résistance au choc. MÉTHODÉS Le rhéomètre à poudre FT4 de Freeman Technology a été utilisé pour explorer différentes compositions de poudre. Les trois principaux tests effectués étaient le test de fluidité, le test de compressibilité et le test des cellules de cisaillement. RÉSULTATS Les résultats mettent en évidence que l'échantillon qui a une compressibilité plus élevée a la meilleure résistance au choc, et l'échantillon qui nécessite une énergie totale inférieure aura un meilleur rendement. Les particules ou les échantillons avec une énergie de flux totale inférieure, devraient avoir un écoulement plus facile, par conséquent, devraient avoir un meilleur rendement. Les échantillons et les composants avec une compressibilité plus élevée devraient mieux maintenir leur structure, par conséquent, devraient avoir une meilleure résistance au choc. Le talc a la compressibilité la plus élevée et l'énergie d’écoulement la plus faible. Le fond de teint 5 a la plus forte concentration en talc et présente également les meilleures performances. CONCLUSION Plus l'énergie d'écoulement totale est faible, plus la poudre pourra s'écouler et aura un meilleur rendement. La compressibilité de la poudre est corrélée à la résistance au choc, ce qui signifie qu'un échantillon avec une meilleure compressibilité a par conséquent la meilleure résistance au choc. Les échantillons 5 et 10 nécessitent moins d'énergie d'écoulement totale, ont une contrainte de cisaillement plus faible et une compressibilité plus élevée, donc de meilleures performances finales. Les échantillons 5 et 10 ont des concentrations de talc plus élevées que les autres formulations.This study evaluated the biological properties of peptides from brown rice protein hydrolyzed by bromelain (eb-RPH) in relation to flavor characteristic. The fractionation into peptides less then 1 kDa was observed to improve the DPPH, ABTS, and hydroxyl radical-scavenging activities (0.19, 2.28, and 24.64 mM Trolox, respectively), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory activity (IC50 value of 0.20 ± 0.011 mg protein/mL), as well as bitter and umami tastes. The less then 1 kDa fraction was further analyzed by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry to identify amino acid sequence associated with biological activities and flavor characteristics. Eight peptides were identified. Most of the identified peptides contained features of previously reported ACE inhibitory and antioxidant peptides, especially peptide FGGSGGPGG and FGGGGAGAGG. Evaluation of flavor characteristics using BIOPEP database demonstrated that they had high occurrence frequencies of umami peptides (ESDVVSDL, GSGVGGAK, and SSVGGGSAG) and low Q-value (938.75 to 282.22), suggesting that these peptides may be used as a fortifying health ingredient with good taste. PRACTICAL APPLICATION The fractionated brown rice protein hydrolysate ( less then 1 kDa) has the potential to serve as a functional food ingredient in nutraceutical food and beverage products that can provide health benefits with good taste. Information on amino acid composition and spatial conformation of peptide may aid us to better understand the molecular mechanisms involved in bioactivities and flavor of brown rice peptide for industrial applications. © 2020 Institute of Food Technologists®.BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Blood services are tasked with efficiently maintaining a reliable blood supply, and there has been much debate over the use of incentives to motivate prosocial activities. Thus, it is important to understand the relative effectiveness of interventions for increasing donations. MATERIALS AND METHODS This systematic review used a broad search strategy to identify randomized controlled trials comparing interventions for increasing blood donations. After full-text review, 28 trials from 25 published articles were included. Sufficient data for meta-analysis were available from 27 trials. Monetary incentives were assumed to be equivalent regardless of value, and non-monetary incentives were assumed to be equivalent regardless of type. Non-incentive-based interventions identified included existing practice, letters, telephone calls, questionnaires, and the combination of a letter & telephone call. A network meta-analysis was used to pool the results from identified trials. A subgroup analysis was performed in populations of donors and non-donors as sensitivity analyses. selleck compound RESULTS The best performing interventions were letter & telephone call and telephone call-only with odds ratios of 3·08 (95% CI 1·99, 4·75) and 1·99 (95% CI 1·47, 2·69) compared to existing practice, respectively. With considerable uncertainty around the pooled effect, we found no evidence that monetary incentives were effective at increasing donations compared to existing practice. Non-monetary incentives were only effective in the donor subgroup. CONCLUSION When pooling across modes of interventions, letter & telephone call and telephone call-only are effective at increasing blood donations. The effectiveness of incentives remains unclear with limited, disparate evidence identified. © 2020 International Society of Blood Transfusion.
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