Notes

Would it be secure in order to omit neoadjuvant chemo-radiation inside mucinous anus carcinoma?
06, p = 0.006) and even weaker and non-significant among women (r = 0.03, p = 0.214). Adjustment for alcohol problems removed the association between sensation seeking and bulimic symptoms among men. Furthermore, there were no significant correlations between sensation seeking and bulimic symptoms when assessing EDI-Bulimia clinical scoring.

Sensation seeking and bulimic symptoms were not associated among women. The association between sensation seeking and bulimic symptoms among men was entirely attributable to increased alcohol problems among those with higher sensation seeking. While this association may be important on the population level, its clinical significance may be minor.

Level III, well-designed cohort study.
Level III, well-designed cohort study.Presence of metastatic tumour in the retropharyngeal node has a negative impact on the prognosis. We present here our 5-year experience and the outcomes of transoral robotic retropharyngeal node dissection (RPND) in salvage settings. Hospital database was accessed to extract details of patients with head and neck cancer who developed retropharyngeal (RP) node metastasis. Patients who underwent transoral robotic surgery (TORS) for RPND in salvage settings were included for the study. Patients were first followed-up after 10 days of discharge and then on a monthly basis after completion of treatment. At each follow-up, swallow functions and disease status were recorded. A total of 10 patients met the inclusion criteria and underwent salvage transoral robotic RPND. The total number of lymph nodes removed from these patients were 11, with all having malignant tumour deposits. The median follow-up was 20 months. Four patients developed distant metastasis. There were no major procedure-related complications. Our experience suggests that TORS as treatment modality is oncologically sound and feasible for salvage RP node dissection.Level of evidence Retrospective Study (3).Considering that the rigor of economic activities has widely been linked with the turbulent nature of the increasing global atmospheric and environmental hazards thus hampering environmental sustainability, it then presented a suggestive dilemma realizing that increasing unemployment, i.e., de-economizing human activities posit a desirable environmental quality effect. Given this backdrop, and employing the more recent estimation techniques, the current study probes the validity of the novel environmental Phillips curve (i.e., negative relationship between unemployment and environmental degradation) opined by Kashem and Rahman (Environ Sci Pollut Res 1-18, 2020). In this case, the panel of BRICST (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, and Turkey) economies for the selected data set over the experimental period 1992-2016 is analyzed. After using related approaches that are designed to account for probable country-specific factors, i.e., the cross-sectional dependence concern, the findings from the PMG-ARDL model affirmed the validity of the environmental Phillips curve for the BRICST countries. Thus, there is a significant trade-off between unemployment and environmental degradation. Moreover, this study concludes that renewable energy consumption improves the environmental quality, while conventional energy sources remained detrimental factors to environmental quality in the panel of the examined countries. Therefore, the study identified that the share of renewable energy in the energy mix should be escalated to improve environmental quality and maintain or improve the employment level, thus advancing the sustainable development goals (SDGs) of the BRICST countries.High levels of CO2 emissions are extensively cited as one of the main global concerns nowadays. Therefore, researchers have been investigating the factors that affect CO2 emissions. In the prior literature, several social, economic, and political drivers of CO2 emissions have been investigated; however, there is a dearth of the literature on the impact of geopolitical risks (GPR) on CO2 emissions. Hence, the objective of this study is to explore the impact of GPR on CO2 emissions in the case of the BRICS countries while controlling the effects of population, GDP, non-renewable energy, and renewable energy consumption. this website The study uses the recently developed GPR index, proposed by Caldara and Iacoviello (2018), and the AMG (augmented mean group) estimator method. The findings document that GPR escalates CO2 emissions. That is, a 1% increase in GPR escalates CO2 emissions by 13%. Moreover, it also reports that renewable energy consumption impedes CO2 emissions. In contrast, GDP, population, and non-renewable energy consumption surge CO2 emissions. The study also proposes a few policy implications based on the findings (1) policymakers and government officials should try to limit GPR through peace treaties, agreements, and negotiations; (2) share of renewable energy in total energy consumption should be increased in order to plunge CO2 emissions.Although it is known that cations such as calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) can alleviate metal toxicity in plants, much uncertainty remains regarding the mechanisms by which this alleviation occurs. In this study, three plant species, cowpea (Vigna unguiculata. cv. White Caloona), soybean (Glycine max. cv. Bunya), and wheat (Triticum. cv. Axe), were used to examine growth in nutrient solutions containing a series of cations (Ca and Mg) and toxicants (Al and Cu). The addition of Ca and Mg increased Al3+ activities that induced 50% plant root elongation rate decline (EC50) from 4.0, 4.2, 0.34 to 31, 22, 9.4 for cowpea, soybean, wheat respectively. However, when expressed as the Al3+ activity at the root-cell plasma membrane (PM) surface, the addition of Ca and Mg increased Al sensitivity. In regression models, plant root elongation rate (RER) had higher R2 values with Al3+ activity at the PM than with Al3+ activity in the bulk solutions (0.60, 0.58, 0.93 for cowpea, soybean, wheat respectively). For Cu, the addition of Ca and Mg alleviated its phytotoxicity when expressed as the Cu2+ activity in the bulk-phase solutions for both cowpea and wheat. However, in soybean, the addition of Mg did not alter Cu toxicity when expressed as the Cu2+ bulk activity. Generally, the metal activity at the outer PM surface of the root cells is a better predictor for their phytotoxicity than the activity in bulk solution (R2=0.80, 0.80, 0.87 for cowpea, soybean, wheat respectively). These results supported the concept that the strength of alleviation of Ca and Mg cations depends on both the plant species and the toxicants that they alleviate. The different mechanisms should be fully considered in relevant assessments of trace metal toxicity in plants.
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