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Bioprospecting of ancient yeasts linked to powdered cocoa fermentation employing nerve organs as well as chemical strategies for deciding on a basic inoculum.
Objectives Vaccines that prime Wilms' tumor 1 (WT1)-specific CD8+ T cells are attractive cancer immunotherapies. However, immunogenicity and clinical response rates may be enhanced by delivering WT1 to CD141+ dendritic cells (DCs). The C-type lectin-like receptor CLEC9A is expressed exclusively by CD141+ DCs and regulates CD8+ T-cell responses. We developed a new vaccine comprising a human anti-CLEC9A antibody fused to WT1 and investigated its capacity to target human CD141+ DCs and activate naïve and memory WT1-specific CD8+ T cells. Methods WT1 was genetically fused to antibodies specific for human CLEC9A, DEC-205 or β-galactosidase (untargeted control). Activation of WT1-specific CD8+ T-cell lines following cross-presentation by CD141+ DCs was quantified by IFNγ ELISPOT. Humanised mice reconstituted with human immune cell subsets, including a repertoire of naïve WT1-specific CD8+ T cells, were used to investigate naïve WT1-specific CD8+ T-cell priming. Results The CLEC9A-WT1 vaccine promoted cross-presentation of WT1 epitopes to CD8+ T cells and mediated priming of naïve CD8+ T cells more effectively than the DEC-205-WT1 and untargeted control-WT1 vaccines. Conclusions Delivery of WT1 to CD141+ DCs via CLEC9A stimulates CD8+ T cells more potently than either untargeted delivery or widespread delivery to all Ag-presenting cells via DEC-205, suggesting that cross-presentation by CD141+ DCs is sufficient for effective CD8+ T-cell priming in humans. The CLEC9A-WT1 vaccine is a promising candidate immunotherapy for malignancies that express WT1.Objective We conducted a first-in-human study to evaluate the bioactivity and safety of B7-H3-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) autologous T cells for treating recurrent anaplastic meningioma. Methods Tumor tissues from a patient with recurrent anaplastic meningioma were evaluated for B7-H3 expression. B7-H3-targeted CAR-T cells were delivered into the intracranial tumor resection cavity using an Ommaya device at a maximum dose of 1.5 × 107 cells. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) screening and multiple serum indexes were regularly monitored. Selleck Importazole The patient received surgical intervention after three-cycle infusions, allowing analysis for CAR-T-cell infiltration and target antigen expression in post-CAR-T therapy tumor tissues. Results Immunochemical analysis demonstrated high and homogeneous B7-H3 expression in tumor samples. MRI results indicated that the tumor near the delivery device was relatively stable compared with the rapid progression of tumors distant from the device. We found CAR-T-cell trafficking to regions of B7-H3+ tumor tissues near the device, but not to tumor tissues distant from the device. Decreased B7-H3 expression was observed near the region of CAR-T-cell infiltration after therapy. The intracavitary delivery of B7-H3-targeted CAR-T cells was well-tolerated and not associated with any toxic effects of grade 3 or higher. Conclusion Our results suggested that although intracavitary administration of B7-H3-targeted CAR-T cells was safe and resulted in local bioactivity, addressing antigen loss and CAR-T-cell trafficking may further enhance the applications of B7-H3-targeted CAR-T-cell therapy.Background Total hip replacement (THR) is one of the most successful surgical treatment for advanced hip osteoarthritis. Some surgical approaches for THR have been established, one of it is Direct Anterior Approach (DAA), which is a relatively new and less commonly used, especially in Asian countries. This review aims to consolidate information from PubMed on the direct anterior approach (DAA) for total hip replacement (THR) in Asian countries. Purpose To collect and consolidate information from PubMed on the total hip replacement (THR) using the direct anterior approach (DAA) in Asian countries. Methods A search on the PubMed was done for DAA for THR. There were 461 search results about the DAA for THR publications obtained in total, and 51 articles meet the criteria were analyzed for details. The details include top countries publishing the topics, number of publications per year, top 5 journal publishing the DAA for THR topics, top 5 first authors publishing the articles on this topic, and top 5 author on all position published this topic. Results The Journal of Arthroplasty was the leading publisher on this topic, with 10 articles published. Author Yasuhiro Homma, Tomonori Baba, and Kazuhiro Oinuma published the most number with 9 articles as one of the authors. Japan is the leading country for the publication on this topic with 34 published journals in total. Conclusion The number of published articles in Asian country per year is still inconsistent, with one year without any publication on this topic. Searching the data on the DAA for THR in PubMed bestow useful information about good sources of publication on this topic.Introduction Pericardial cysts are considered as a rare congenital abnormality, mostly found incidentally. The estimated incidence of pericardial cyst is 1100,000 and represent approximately 6% of all mediastinal masses. Patients can present with symptoms similar to acute chest pain or right-sided heart failure or can be asymptomatic. Presentation A 46-year-old female who is known to have hypertension and hypothyroidism presented to the breast clinic with left breast mass that was proved by core needle biopsy as proliferative breast lesion. During the preoperative assessment, the patient reported progressive shortness of breath and cough over the last two years and bilateral lower limb edema. Her preoperative chest X-ray showed a well-defined oval like opacification at the right cardiophrenic angle that was proved by chest computed tomography imaging as a cystic mass od most likely a pericardial origin. A huge pericardial cyst originating from the right diaphragmatic surface was excised through a mini-sternot in size or symptomatic. Morbidity and mortality risks following pericardial cyst excision are very low.Background Acute scrotal pain is a urological emergency. While for testicular torsion and acute epididymitis clinical recommendations are well established, few is known about low incidence causes of acute scrotal pain. Our aim is to identify and characterise rare differential diagnoses of acute scrotal pain in order to give diagnostic and therapeutic recommendations. Materials and methods A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library databases up to February 2019 according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. The systematic review protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42018099472). Results Eighty-four publications were selected for analysis. The databases provided mostly case reports, series and small studies, overall reporting on a cohort of 245 cases. Tumors, segmental testicular infarction, testicular vasculitis, pancreatitis, brucellosis, spermatic vein thrombosis, acute aortic syndrome and appendicitis were identified as rare underlying causes of acute scrotal pain and were characterised.
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