Notes

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NA Laryngoscope, 2020.
NA Laryngoscope, 2020.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common chronic disease. learn more As this disease is extremely complex, multidisciplinary care (MDC) is needed to provide complete and continuous care.

A systematic literature review was performed to examine the constituents of MDC, the content of MDC interventions, and the health outcomes in CKD patients receiving MDC.

Searches of five Chinese and English databases for studies of CKD patients who had received MDC from 2007 to 2019 revealed 11 studies, which comprised 16,066 CKD patients. The Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale (Physiotherapy Evidence Database, 2017) was used to appraise study quality for randomized controlled trials, and the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tools (Joanna Briggs Institute, 2017) were for cohort studies.

The MDC teams that provided comprehensive medical care for these patients included nephrologists, nurses, surgeons, general practitioners, pharmacists, psychotherapists, social workers, nutritionists, and other specialists. The litered to ensure sufficient time to observe MDC results.
Cross-disciplinary collaboration of healthcare professionals is needed to ensure that patients undergo regular follow-up and periodic assessment of clinical status, in addition to ensuring that relevant resources and assistance are provided in a timely manner. A follow-up period of at least 2 years is also needed to ensure sufficient time to observe MDC results.
The aim of SiBi study was to evaluate the early vascular healing and neointimal coverage after implantation of ultrathin (60 μm) biodegradable polymer-coated Tetriflex (Sahajanand Medical Technologies Pvt. Ltd., Surat, India) sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) using optical coherence tomography (OCT) at 4 to 6 weeks after implantation.

SiBi was a single-center, observational, investigator-initiated study. From January 15, 2018 to April 15, 2018, total 29 consecutive patients who had consented and underwent OCT examination at 4-6 weeks after Tetriflex SES implantation were enrolled. All OCT images were analyzed at an independent core laboratory by analysts who were blinded to patient and procedural information.

Of 29 patients, four patients were excluded, as those OCT images were technically inadequate for analysis. Therefore, 25 patients were included in final OCT analysis. Average OCT analysis was performed after 35.3 ± 5 days of Tetriflex implantation. Total 14,024 stent struts in 1,520 cross sections were analyzed. Strut tissue coverage was observed in 91.26 ± 5.53% of struts and malapposed struts were seen in 0.89 ± 1.67%. The mean neointimal hyperplasia (NIH) thickness on the covered struts was 50 ± 30 μm.

A large percentage of struts were found to be covered with thin layer of NIH evenly distributed along the stent length at around 1 month from stent implantation. The results of this pilot study serve as ethical and scientific backbone to conduct an adequately powered clinical trial to evaluate outcomes of short dual-antiplatelet therapy in context of ultrathin strut stent.
A large percentage of struts were found to be covered with thin layer of NIH evenly distributed along the stent length at around 1 month from stent implantation. The results of this pilot study serve as ethical and scientific backbone to conduct an adequately powered clinical trial to evaluate outcomes of short dual-antiplatelet therapy in context of ultrathin strut stent.
Muscle cramps (MCs) are prolonged, involuntary, painful muscle contractions characterized by an acute onset and short duration, caused by peripheral nerve hyperactivity.

To provide a detailed description of the clinical features and diagnostic findings in dogs affected by MCs.

Fourteen dogs.

Multicenter retrospective case series. Cases were recruited by a call to veterinary neurologists working in referral practices. Medical records and videotapes were searched for dogs showing MCs. The follow-up was obtained by telephone communication with the owner and the referring veterinarian.

Three patterns of presentation were identified depending on the number of affected limbs and presence/absence of migration of MCs to other limbs. In 9/14 (64%) of dogs, MCs were triggered by prompting the dogs to move. 8/14 (58%) dogs were overtly painful with 6/14 (42%) showing mild discomfort. The cause of MCs was hypocalcemia in 11/14 (79%) dogs 9 dogs were affected by primary hypoparathyrodism, 1 dog by intestinal lymphoma and 1 dog by protein losing enteropathy. In 3/14 cases (21%) the cause was not identified, and all 3 dogs were German Shepherds.

Muscle cramps can manifest in 1 of 3 clinical patterns. Muscle cramps are elicited when dogs are encouraged to move and do not always appear as painful events, showing in some cases only discomfort. The main cause of MCs in this study was hypocalcemia consequent to primary hypoparathyroidism. In dogs having MCs of unknown etiology, idiopathic disease or paroxysmal dyskinesia could not be ruled out.
Muscle cramps can manifest in 1 of 3 clinical patterns. Muscle cramps are elicited when dogs are encouraged to move and do not always appear as painful events, showing in some cases only discomfort. The main cause of MCs in this study was hypocalcemia consequent to primary hypoparathyroidism. In dogs having MCs of unknown etiology, idiopathic disease or paroxysmal dyskinesia could not be ruled out.
Identifying molecular changes that contribute to the onset and progression of Huntington's disease (HD) is of importance for the development and evaluation of potential therapies.

We conducted an unbiased mass-spectrometry proteomic analysis on the cerebrospinal fluid of 12 manifest HD patients (ManHD), 13 pre-manifest (preHD), and 38 controls. A biologically plausible and significant possible biomarker was validated in samples from a separate cohort of patients and controls consisting of 23 ManHD patients and 23 controls.

In ManHD compared to preHD, 10 proteins were downregulated and 43 upregulated. Decreased levels of proenkephalin (PENK) and transthyretin were closely linked to HD symptom severity, whereas levels of 15 upregulated proteins were associated with symptom severity. The decreased PENK levels were replicated in the separate cohort where absolute quantitation was performed.

We hypothesize that declining PENK levels reflect the degeneration of medium spiny neurons (MSNs) that produce PENK and that assays for PENK may serve as a surrogate marker for the state of MSNs in HD.
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