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Autonomic and HPA patterns, inflammatory cascades and energy/redox metabolic arrays will be presented, on the one hand, as promoters of allostasis, leading towards adaptation to psychosocial stress and homeostasis, on the other as possible vulnerability factors for allostatic overload and non-adaptive reactions. The existence of allostasis buffering systems will be also underscored. Finally, we will prospect that the combined uses of cell cultures, animal models and wide-omics investigations may constitute a powerful tool to entangle the biochemical signature of resilience or stress-related illness, a much helpful facet for improving patients' treatment and monitoring.Diabetes Mellitus is characterized by numerous metabolic disorders, which have in common the serum elevation of glucose, caused for a pancreatic malfunction in insulin secretion and / or its action. It is a non-communicable disease, considered major public health problems and generalized growth worldwide, being a chronic disease, which can generate a high treatment cost. Metabolic surgery is a safe treatment, regulated by the Federal Council of Medicine and useful in treating people with BMI over 30 years of age, who are unable to control pathologies associated with obesity, especially type 2 diabetes. The general objective of this study is to understand through a literature review the main impacts of metabolic surgery about the remission of DM 2. This present study it is an exploratory and descriptive study carried out through a literature review. Data were collected through research in virtual health databases, at the Virtual Health Library - VHL, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Information System, LILACS, National Library of Medicine - MEDLINE, Scielo, USP database, PUBMED theses and books. Metabolic surgery proof be a good and effective treatment for having and maintaining good weight loss, as well as a significant clinical and metabolic improvement that extends beyond weight loss. Metabolic surgery is a satisfactory way of achieving long-term weight reduction in obese individuals, increasing survival for these patients. AK 7 Obese patients with DM2 have a long-term remission of DM2 after bariatric / metabolic surgery. Therefore, it concludes that such procedure is effective in the treatment of the disease and other diseases associated with obesity. 1.
The scarcity of human cadaver islets for transplantation in patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) has necessitated the search for alternative islet sources. With advancing islet biology research, islet-like clusters (ILCs) derived from stem cells have demonstrated potential for treating DM and in novel drug discovery programs for drug and cytotoxicity testing. In vitro differentiation of ILCs from stem cells also provides an opportunity to mimic the in vivo islet developmental pathways. In vitro derived ILCs are often considered immature,as they do not respond to glucose challenge efficiently. However, the in vitro and in vivo performance of ILCs can be imroved by pharmacological preconditioning.

In this review, we discuss how ILCs generated from human postnatal tissues can be utilized as an in-vitro model to study cytotoxicity, drug screening and enhancement of transplantation efficacy. Use of human cadevar islets is not permitted for research purposes in India. Under these restrictions, the application of ILCs in drug screening and their role in complementing, reducing, and replacing animal testing will evolve a reliable platform in vitro screening as well as for stem cell-based treatment in DM.
In this review, we discuss how ILCs generated from human postnatal tissues can be utilized as an in-vitro model to study cytotoxicity, drug screening and enhancement of transplantation efficacy. Use of human cadevar islets is not permitted for research purposes in India. Under these restrictions, the application of ILCs in drug screening and their role in complementing, reducing, and replacing animal testing will evolve a reliable platform in vitro screening as well as for stem cell-based treatment in DM.
Inflammation is a multifactorial process reflecting the response of the organism to various stimuli and is associated with a number of disorders such as arthritis, asthma and psoriasis, which require long-lasting or repeated treatment.

The aim of this paper is to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of previous synthesized thiazole-based chalcone derivatives.

Chalcones were synthesized via Cliazen-Schmidt condensation1-(4-methyl-2- alkylamino)thiazol-5-yl) ethanone with a corresponding aromatic aldehyde. For the evaluation of possible anti-inflammatory activity, carrageenan mouse paw edema was used.

Eight out of thirteen tested chalcones showed anti-inflammatory activity in a range of 51- 55%. Prediction of toxicity revealed that these compounds are not toxic.

In general, it can be concluded that these compounds can be used for further modifications in order to develop more active and safe agents.
In general, it can be concluded that these compounds can be used for further modifications in order to develop more active and safe agents.1,2,3-Triazole, a five-membered heterocyclic nucleus, is widely recognized as a key chromophore of great value in medicinal chemistry for delivering compounds possessing innumerable biological activities, including antimicrobial, antitubercular, antidiabetic, antiviral, antitumor, antioxidants, and anti-inflammatory activities. Mainly, in the past years, diverse conjugates carrying this biologically valuable core have been reported due to their attractive fungicidal potential and potent effects on various infective targets. Hence, hybridization of 1,2,3-triazole with other antimicrobial pharmacophores appears to be a judicious strategy to develop new effective anti-fungal candidates to combat the emergence of drug-sensitive and drug-resistant infectious diseases. Thus, the current review highlights the recent advances of this promising category of 1,2,3-triazole-containing hybrids incorporating diverse varieties of bioactive heterocycles such as conozole, coumarin, imidazole, benzimidazole, pyrazole, indole, oxindole, chromene, pyrane, quinazoline, chalcone, isoflavone, carbohydrates, and amides.
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