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Long-term Ethanol Intake Triggers Osteopenia via Service of Osteoblast Necroptosis.
Other techniques, such as salting and marinating (using calamansi juice), were also used during the preparation of umai. Most of the respondents indicated that they would consider the umai ready to eat soon after marinating (with all ingredients) the raw fish. One third of both respondent groups indicated that they would chill the umai dish at 4°C for 30 minutes before serving. The respondents could not provide any rationale reasons behind these food preparation practices. Overall, this study provides evidence of the different preparation methods for umai . These practices can thus be considered important targets for public health education campaigns seeking to improve food safety surrounding this food group.Background Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) are common following lung transplantation. Isavuconazole is unstudied as prophylaxis in organ transplant recipients. We compared effectiveness and tolerability of isavuconazole and voriconazole prophylaxis in lung transplant recipients. Methods We conducted a single-center, retrospective study of patients who received isavuconazole (September 2015-February 2018) or voriconazole (September 2013-September 2015) for antifungal prophylaxis. IFIs were defined by EORTC/MSG criteria. Results Patients received isavuconazole (n=144) or voriconazole (n=156) for median 3.4 and 3.1 months, respectively. Adjunctive inhaled amphotericin B was administered to 100% and 41% of patients in the respective groups. At 1-year, 8% of patients receiving isavuconazole or voriconazole developed IFIs. For both groups, 70% and 30% of IFIs were caused by moulds and yeasts, respectively, and breakthrough IFI (bIFI) rates were 3%. Outcomes did not significantly differ for patients receiving or not receiving inhaled amphotericin B. Independent risk factors for bIFI and breakthrough mould infection (bIMI) were mould-positive respiratory culture and red blood cell transfusion >7 units at transplant. Bronchial necrosis >2 cm from anastomosis and basiliximab induction were also independent risk factors for bIMI. Isavuconazole and voriconazole were discontinued prematurely due to adverse events in 11% and 36% of patients, respectively (p=0.0001). Most common causes of voriconazole and isavuconazole discontinuation were hepatotoxicity and lack of oral intake, respectively. Patients receiving ≥90 days prophylaxis had fewer IFIs at 1-year (3% versus 9%, p=0.02). IFIs were associated with increased mortality (p=0.0001) and longer hospitalizations (p=0.0005). Conclusions Isavuconazole was effective and well-tolerated as antifungal prophylaxis following lung transplantation.Objectives The purpose of this study is to review the short- and long-term outcomes of high-risk neonates with Ebstein anomaly treated with a newly developed rapid 2-stage Starnes procedure, which is aimed at reducing the size of the enlarged right side of the heart. Methods Fifty-two foetuses with Ebstein anomaly were analysed in this study and divided into 2 groups. The control group comprised 25 foetuses, referred to us before 2008, and the study group was composed of 27 foetuses, referred to us after 2009. The right atrial area index was defined as high risk when it was >1.5. We applied our management approach to 6 high-risk neonates in the study group. This approach consisted of reducing the size of the right side of the heart through a 2-stage process (i) right atrial plication without the use of a bypass and (ii) a Starnes procedure. Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the effects of our management approach on the survival rates of the neonates. Results The mean follow-up period was 7.5 ± 3.3 years. All 6 high-risk neonates in the study group survived. The overall hazard ratio was 0.12 (95% confidence interval of 0.03-0.43) in the study group as compared with the control group (P = 0.0007). A Fontan operation was completed in all but 1 case, with the remaining case awaiting a Fontan operation. Conclusions We suggest that a rapid 2-stage Starnes approach can be effective in the treatment of high-risk neonates with Ebstein anomaly.Apixaban in patients with impaired renal function is supported by limited data. Landmark clinical trials evaluating apixaban in patients with atrial fibrillation and/or acute venous thromboembolism excluded patients with creatinine clearance (CrCl) less then 25 mL/min. CA3 clinical trial This multicenter, retrospective chart review was conducted to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of apixaban compared with warfarin in patients with CrCl less then 25 mL/min. Included patients were newly initiated on apixaban or warfarin for at least 45 days with a CrCl less then 25 mL/min. Patients were evaluated for thrombosis and bleeding outcomes 6 months following initiation of anticoagulation. The primary outcome was the time to first bleeding or thrombosis event. A total of 128 patients met inclusion criteria in the apixaban group and 733 patients in the warfarin group. Time to first bleeding or thrombosis event was significantly different between the apixaban and warfarin groups. Cox proportional hazards model was conducted to control for potential confounding factors for the primary outcome. After controlling for atrial fibrillation and coronary artery bypass grafting, risk of thrombotic and bleeding events was lower in the apixaban group (hazard ratio, 0.47; 95% confidence interval, 0.25-0.92). There was not a statistical difference between time to thrombosis (83 days vs 54 days, P = .648), rate of thrombosis (5.5% vs 10.3%, P = .08), time to bleeding (46 days vs 54 days, P = .886), or rate of bleeding (5.5% vs 10.9%, P = .06). The severity of bleeding and thrombotic events was not different between groups. Apixaban may serve as a reasonable alternative compared with warfarin in patients with severe renal dysfunction.This study aimed to identify a suitable non-pathogenic surrogate for industrial validation of the irradiation process by high energy electron beam (5 MeV) of dried seeds. Pumpkin seeds and flax seeds were contaminated with a five-strain Salmonella cocktail comprising five different serovars or a two-strain Escherichia coli cocktail comprising pathogenic strains, including E. coli O157H7. Comparison of log survival fractions of the E. coli and Salmonella cocktails revealed that on both seeds the Salmonella cocktail exhibited higher tolerance against high energy electron beam at doses of 4 kGy than the E. coli cocktail. For surrogate selection, the Salmonella cocktail, and the strains E. coli DSM 18039 (strain MG1655) and Enterococcus faecium NCCB 86023 (strain NRRL B-2354) were subjected to electron beam processing of doses of 2 to 6 kGy. The calculated D 10 -values of the Salmonella cocktail were rather similar to that of E. coli DSM 18039, i.e. 1.07 kGy compared to 1.20 kGy on pumpkin seeds and 0.88 kGy compared to 1.
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