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g bone formation.
The imaging of bone metastases, which is regularly performed by cross-sectional modalities, is clinically vital when characterizing and staging osseous lesions. In this paper, we aimed to establish a novel methodology using experimental ultrasound (US) techniques to assess the morphological, functional, and molecular features of breast cancer bone metastases in an animal model, compared with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histological analysis.
Nude rats were implanted intra-arterially with MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells to induce osteolytic metastasis in their right hind legs. Once tumors had developed, an experimental US technique using automatic 3D scanning and MRI were performed. For assessment of perfusion, functional imaging techniques included contrast-enhanced US (CEUS) and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI). For molecular ultrasound, anti-VEGFR2 conjugated microbubbles were applied and correlated with immunostaining for VEGFR2 expression.
3D US enabled the automatic assessment of ostnal, and molecular level in correlation with MRI and histological analysis.
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on an imaging protocol for breast cancer bone metastasis using an experimental US scanner. Therefore, we present a novel methodology to characterize these osseous lesions on the morphological, functional, and molecular level in correlation with MRI and histological analysis.In cooperation with many other actors, the Flanders Heritage Agency (Flemish Government) set up a guideline with procedures how to act when human remains are found in the soil of Flanders (the northern part of Belgium). The basic principle is that human remains with an archaeological value always must be excavated by archaeologists and physical anthropologists, according to the Flemish legislation on archaeology. This also applies for casualties of the First and Second World War excavating using archaeological techniques does not conflict at all with the principles of the Geneva Convention, on the contrary this way of working guarantees a qualitative research that increases the chance of identification and delivers more details about the battle and war a win-win.
Hearing is one of our most important senses, and hearing ability has an enormous impact on a child's psychomotor development. Children with auditory perception disorders may show abnormal development in terms of speech, language, and communication skills, as well as other disorders involving the cognitive sphere, social-emotional interactions, and motor development. This paper describes different paths of psychomotor development in three 4-year-old children. All were born with bilateral profound sensorineural hearing loss and were implanted early on with a cochlear implant. A longitudinal study of the children's psychomotor development was done for 3 years from the time of cochlear implantation.
We present three children with congenital, profound bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. Psychomotor development was evaluated using the Children Development Scale (CDS) and the Psychomotor Development Evaluation Cards (PDEC). The three children were Girl A (4 years 2 months 17 days) - a user of one CI, last asseupport.
To compare tracheoscopy and chest radiograph measurements of tracheostomy tube position in infants.
Retrospective chart review.
Otolaryngology Department at Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center.
All cases of pediatric patients who underwent tracheotomy at less than 1 year of age from 2014 to 2019 were reviewed. Patients were included if they had both intraoperative measurement of tracheostomy tube position relative to the carina by tracheoscopy and postoperative chest radiograph. Documented intraoperative findings were compared to measurements made on chest radiograph by an attending radiologist blinded to the intraoperative measurements.
The study included 66 patients; 30 patients (1416, MF) had available data. The mean distance from the distal tracheostomy tube to the carina measured by tracheoscopy was 8.88mm (range, 3.5-20mm) and measured radiographically was 11.71mm (range, 2.4-23.3mm). The mean difference between the measurements was 2.82mm (p-value=0.016). Ninety percent (n=27) of patild mostly rely on tracheoscopy performed with the patient supine.
Physical activity, muscle fatigue or age have been suggested as factors that positively or negatively influence the knee joint position sense (KJPS). However, conflicting results about the influence of sports practice, limb dominance and gender are found in the literature. This study aimed to assess the influence of sports practice, limb dominance and gender on the KJPS of soccer players and untrained individuals.
Sixty subjects participated in this study 29 soccer players (SPs) and 31 untrained participants (UPs). KJPS was tested in a seated position, for the target angles of 20° and 45° of knee flexion, through an open kinetic chain technique and active repositioning method. Intergroup analysis was performed to compare KJPS between SPs and UPs and between gender, and intragroup analysis was performed to compare proprioceptive acuity between dominant and non-dominant limbs.
Knee repositioning errors were lower in SPs than in the UPs. Repositioning errors of the dominant and non-dominant limb were not significantly different in SPs (P>0.05), but in UPs the dominant limb showed significantly lower repositioning errors, both for 20° (P=0.046) and 45° target (P=0.036). There were no gender differences in the KJPS in both groups (P>0.05).
Proprioceptive acuity is higher in trained than in untrained participants. Dominance seems not to influence KJPS of SPs, but in UPs the dominant limb showed a higher accuracy. There were no differences in KJPS related to gender. These results suggest that sports practice, but neither gender nor limb dominance, may positively influence proprioceptive acuity.
Proprioceptive acuity is higher in trained than in untrained participants. Dominance seems not to influence KJPS of SPs, but in UPs the dominant limb showed a higher accuracy. selleck compound There were no differences in KJPS related to gender. These results suggest that sports practice, but neither gender nor limb dominance, may positively influence proprioceptive acuity.
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