Notes

A Precision Remedies Composition for Classifying Individuals along with Issues involving Consciousness: Superior Group regarding Consciousness Endotypes (Accessibility).
(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).Hostile resistance (clients' openly combative behavior directed at therapists) predicts poor outcomes in cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for panic disorder, but its origins are poorly understood. It is important to have a holistic understanding of the etiology of hostile resistance that incorporates the therapeutic context if these behaviors-and their negative consequences-are to be prevented and effectively addressed. selleckchem Of the 71 adults who received CBT for panic disorder as part of larger trial, 8 exhibited hostile resistance. Grounded theory methodology was used to develop a theoretical framework to understand why these patients became hostile in session. The 10 minutes of session preceding instances of hostile resistance and matched portions of sessions from five never hostile controls were coded. Two pathways to hostile resistance emerged-one in which patient characteristics were primary and one wherein therapist failures (particularly of empathy) were primary. Being a challenging patient (i.e., narcissistic, obsessive, angry, resistant) moderated which pathway was followed. However, even among challenging patients, rarely was hostile resistance attributable to patients' dispositions alone. Most often, patient factors interacted with therapist (e.g., displays of frustration) and treatment (e.g., directiveness, degree of structure) factors to produce such resistance. Contrary to the view of hostile resistance as simply a product of a hostile patient, the picture is more complex. Findings indicate that greater attention to common factors in CBT and more flexible applications of treatment protocols is warranted. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).In 2 articles, this journal has presented critical psychology (CP), which emerged in Germany during the 1980s, as an exemplary paradigm that committed itself to both scientific and political objectives and became a victim of Cold-War confrontations. The presentation was mainly based on narratives and writings circulating within CP itself. I have reexamined the case using archival materials and supplementary literary sources. This allows for a more complete and balanced account of postwar psychology and the contemporary political situation in general. In particular, I argue against Teo's hypothesis that CP was an indigenous paradigm that had to assert itself against American psychology. Marxism, constructivism, and subject orientation are analyzed as principal components of CP, and a claim for sole representation is identified as a predominant reason for the isolation of CP within German psychology. Finally, I briefly report on CP following the collapse of Soviet communism and comment on the present historicization of CP. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).Objective We describe the process of working with stakeholders with multiple sclerosis (MS) to develop a web-based multisymptom self-management program to address chronic pain, fatigue, and/or depressive symptoms. The results of a pilot trial to test the feasibility and effects of the program are presented. Method The first study phase involved the development of a web-based symptom self-management program. The second phase involved a single-arm pilot trial (N = 20) of unguided website use for 12 weeks in adults with MS and elevated levels of chronic pain, fatigue, and/or depressed mood. Results A web-based symptom self-management program, My MS Toolkit, was developed and released for public use in 2019. The results from the pilot trial showed that on average, participants accessed the website 5.4 times, spending about 7 min on the site per visit. Eighty percent rated intervention-related changes in activity limitations, symptoms, emotions, and overall quality of life as either "somewhat" or "moderately" better. Although there were no significant improvements on outcome measures, of those who screened positive for the outcome of interest (i.e., showed a clinically elevated level of that symptom), clinically significant improvement was seen in 37.5% for fatigue, 45.5% for pain, and 40% for depressive symptoms. Conclusions My MS Toolkit is an accessible, stakeholder-informed, web-based MS symptom self-management program that demonstrated a clinically significant positive impact on symptoms in a proportion of participants. More research is needed to further examine the effects of this program and elucidate who is most likely to benefit from this type of self-guided intervention. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
College students with physical disabilities are often at a higher risk for mental health problems. In addition, some universities have created disability community spaces, but it is not known whether these spaces are associated with social support or increased mental health and well-being among students who use them. This study investigated differences in feelings of perceived social support, depressive symptomatology, and well-being between students with physical disabilities who live in general student housing and students with physical disabilities who live in a disability community. Research Methods/Design A mixed-methods online survey was used to collect data from students with physical disabilities who lived in a disability community and from those who did not. Of the participants, 27 college students self-identified as having a physical disability (n = 27), 11 participants lived in the disability community (n = 11), and 16 did not (n = 16).

The quantitative results indicated statistically significaograms to foster disability community among students with physical disabilities. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).Positive response bias is common under the high demand conditions of personnel selection. This study investigated positive response bias on the California Psychological Inventory (CPI)-434 by police officer applicants as scored by the CPI-434-Police and Public Safety Report. Police officer applicants completed the CPI-434 under high and then again under low demand conditions. The high demand condition was represented by the CPI administration as part of the preemployment psychological evaluation. The low demand condition was represented by a CPI administration with no contingencies approximately 4 months later during the police academy. Demand effects were illustrated by comparing applicant scores (within-subject) under high versus low demand conditions on CPI-Police and Public Safety Report (CPI-PPSR) prediction equations and CPI scales. Significant demand effects were observed on 23 of 46 comparisons. Modest support for the construct validity of the Good Impression (Gi) scale and somewhat less for the Fake Good Index as measures of positive response bias were observed.
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