Notes

LipidQuant 1.0: computerized information systems throughout fat type separation-mass spectrometry quantitative workflows.
The cost-effective and eco-friendly approaches are needed for decontamination of polluted soils. The bio-electrochemical system, especially microbial fuel cells (MFCs) offer great promise as a technology for remediation of soil, sediment, sludge and wastewater. Recently, soil MFCs (SMFCs) have been attracting increasing amounts of interest in environmental remediation, since they are capable of providing a clean and inexhaustible source of electron donors or acceptors and can be easily controlled by adjusting the electrochemical parameters. In this review, we comprehensively covered the principle of SMFCs including the mechanisms of electron releasing and electron transportation, summarized the applications for soil contaminants remediation by SMFCs with highlights on organic contaminants degradation and heavy metal ions removal. In addition, the main factors that affected the performance of SMFCs were discussed in details which would be helpful for performance optimization of SMFCs as well as the efficiency improvement for soil remediation. Moreover, the key issues need to be addressed and future perspectives are presented.This is a commentary on the manuscript titled "Bilateral wilms' tumour An international comparison of treatments and outcomes" by Drysdale H, Fawkner-Corbett D, Solomon Z, et al.
Elective resection of congenital lung malformations (CLMs) is still debatable. The two main risks are malignant transformation and recurrent pulmonary infections. Our study aimed to assess the effect of previous pulmonary infection on the intraoperative and postoperative courses of thoracoscopic surgery for CLMs.

This is a retrospective study including all thoracoscopic lung resections for CLMs between 2010 and 2019. Ninety patients were included. There was a history of previous pulmonary infection in 28 patients (group A) and no such history in 62 patients (group B).

The median age at operation for group A was 20.4 months (IQR14.9-41.4) versus 15.1 months (IQR9.7-20.8) in group B (p=0.006). There were 10 conversions (35.7%) in group A and 8 (12.9%) in group B (p=0.02). The operative time was significantly shorter in group B (p<0.002). In group A, 32.1% of patients experienced postoperative fever versus 11.3% of group B (p=0.03), with higher antibiotics requirement (28.6% versus 6.5% respectively, p=0.007). However, no significant differences were found in terms of postoperative complications (p=0.99).

Earlier intervention for CLMs before the development of pulmonary infection carries higher chances for the success of the thoracoscopic approach with shorter operative time and more uneventful postoperative courses.
Earlier intervention for CLMs before the development of pulmonary infection carries higher chances for the success of the thoracoscopic approach with shorter operative time and more uneventful postoperative courses.
Ultrasonography (US) is the preferred imaging for suspected pediatric appendicitis. We hypothesize that children with elevated Body-Mass-Index-for-age percentile (BMIP) may be more likely to have an inaccurate or equivocal (IE) US.

After IRB approval, a four-year review was performed on pediatric patients evaluated for appendicitis by US. The CDC BMIP Calculator was used. IE subgroups were analyzed together for comparison against the accurate group.

1059 patients were included median age 11.3 years (IQR 8.2, 14.6), 506 (47.8%) males. Median BMIP was 65.9 (IQR 33.9, 89.6). US accurately diagnosed 857 (80.9%), incorrectly diagnosed 76 (7.2%), 126 (11.9%) were equivocal. Overall sensitivity was 0.85, specificity 0.96, PPV 0.93 and NPV 0.91. Obese children (BMIP ≥95%), had higher odds of IE US (OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.28, 2.70; p=0.001). When analyzed by sex, risk increased in obese males (OR 2.55, 95% CI1.53, 4.24; p=0.0003) but normalized in obese females (OR 1.30, 95% CI0.74, 2.28; p=0.35).

An elevated BMIP may increase difficulty in visualizing the appendix, resulting in inaccurate or equivocal findings. This risk is seen specifically in obese males. If US findings do not correlate with clinical assessment in obese children with abdominal pain, further evaluation may be warranted.
An elevated BMIP may increase difficulty in visualizing the appendix, resulting in inaccurate or equivocal findings. This risk is seen specifically in obese males. If US findings do not correlate with clinical assessment in obese children with abdominal pain, further evaluation may be warranted.
To characterize cognitive, academic, and behavioral functioning in children who underwent neonatal surgical repair of esophageal atresia (OA) and compare outcomes according to clinical characteristics (presence of additional congenital anomalies, longer hospitalization, and prematurity).

Intellectual, language, attention, and executive functioning were assessed in 71 5-year-olds and 72 8-year-olds born with OA. At 8 years, memory and academic skills were also assessed. Parents rated children's executive functioning and behavior via questionnaires. SNX-5422 concentration Outcomes were compared to normative data and within subgroups of the sample.

Intellectual functioning varied depending on the assessment tool, with some evidence of lower than expected intellectual development in children with OA. At 5 years, children with OA showed age-appropriate language and self-regulation, but reduced verbal attention. At 8 years, the OA group had lower than expected sustained attention, divided attention, and mathematics but typical memory and literacy. Parents consistently reported increased working memory difficulties. Other executive functioning and behavioral symptoms were transiently observed. Findings did not consistently differ according to clinical characteristics.

Children with OA may be at risk of transient and persisting cognitive difficulties, particularly in attention and working memory. Difficulties were not strongly associated with additional congenital anomalies, longer hospitalization, or prematurity.

Level IV.
Level IV.
Wilms' tumour is the most common childhood renal malignancy, with 5-10% of cases presenting bilaterally
. However, there is currently no consensus between centres on optimal management of bilateral Wilms' tumours. This is an international multi-centre case series comparing management and outcomes of bilateral Wilms' tumours between low-income centres (LIC) and high-income centres (HIC).

Patients with bilateral Wilms' tumour were identified from four tertiary referral centres internationally. Data were collected on baseline characteristics, disease status, treatment used and clinical outcomes. Results were compared between individual centres as well as between groups of low-income centres (LIC) and high-income centres (HIC).

Data were collected for forty patients. Most patients received preoperative chemotherapy (n=38, 95%). The most common surgical procedures were bilateral nephron-sparing surgery (n=10, 25%) and nephrectomy with partial nephrectomy (n=20, 50%). Ten-year survival after treatment was as follows LIC's n=13 (65%); HIC's n=20 (100%) (p=0.
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