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What is a Personal Injury Lawsuit?
If you've been hurt by another person's actions or inactions, you may be eligible for compensation. To find out more about your rights under the law, contact an experienced personal injury lawyer.
A personal injury lawsuit is a civil dispute in which the plaintiff seeks compensation for their losses, which include medical bills, lost wages damages to property and other expenses. The process can take several months to a few years.
Damages
A personal injury lawsuit is a legal action which is filed to force another person or entity, to pay you for the damages that result from an accident. The injured party is known as the plaintiff and the parties accountable are known as defendants. If someone dies as the result of the negligence or wrongdoing by others In wrongful deaths, the case may be part of personal injury lawsuits.
The damages a victim suffers are usually broken down into two groups: compensatory and punitive. Compensatory damages are intended to ensure that the victim is completely again, including out-of-pocket expenses like medical bills as well as compensation for pain and suffering. Punitive damages are uncommon and are designed to punish the perpetrator for their extreme behavior.
The first category of damages is typically known as "economic damages." This is the term used to describe any out-of-pocket costs resulting from the accident or injury. These may include hospital expenses as well as doctor's fees and therapy costs. In some instances additional expenses, such as the cost of travelling to and from appointments or modifications to your home due to permanent disabilities can also be included in the claim.
Non-economic damages are also described as "pain and suffer" damages. These are more difficult to quantify and are a result of the mental and emotional stress, anguish and suffering caused by accidents. Depending on the severity of your injuries, your lawyer will help you place a value on the damages. This may be based on your ability to carry out the things you were previously able to do or your loss of a relationship with your family.
Statute of limitations
A legal rule known as the statute of limitation obliges anyone injured in an accident must file an action before a specific date or the claim will be dismissed. This is done to prevent evidence from being forgotten or lost, and to prevent people from dragging incident-related litigation out for a long time.
The exact duration of time is different from state to state, but personal injury claims typically have a two- to four-year limitation. There are some exceptions to the time period for filing an injury claim. If Anaheim injury attorney need help determining if your case is one of these exceptions, then it is recommended to seek legal advice.
A key aspect of the statute of limitations is that it applies only to the filing of an action in a court. Many cases of injury are resolved through the insurance claim process and do not require a formal lawsuit filing. It is important to allow yourself enough time to start a lawsuit in the event that insurance negotiations don't go as planned, or if a problem occurs which cannot be resolved through insurance.
Certain circumstances may stop the clock on the statute of limitations, but these instances are very rare and have to be considered on an individual basis. For instance the statute of limitations might not begin to run until a victim has discovered or reasonably should have discovered that their injury was caused by another person's negligent actions. In some states, such as New York, the statute of limitations differs for claims against municipalities.
Complaint
A personal injury lawsuit is filed by a victim against the person who caused the injury. The plaintiff claims that the defendant breached the duty of care, that this breach caused harm and losses to the plaintiff and that the defendant should be held accountable for the losses.
The complaint is the first document that you file in a personal injury lawsuit. It includes specific allegations regarding the incident that caused your injuries, and the damages you want. The complaint also contains the "prayer of relief" which describes what you want the court to do. The complaint must be served on the defendant along with a summons, which is a notice that they are being sued.
After the complaint is filed, the defendant is required to submit an answer to the complaint within a specified time frame, and must either accept or deny the allegations made in the complaint. The defendant may also file a counterclaim, or add another defendant to the case by naming third party defendant.
A successful personal injury lawsuit is based on solid evidence, which includes medical records and witness testimony. We work closely with our clients to collect all relevant information and include it in the case. The evidence can also help us negotiate with the defendant's attorneys or insurance companies to negotiate the most favorable settlement offer.
Preliminary Conference
In a personal injury case the attorney for you must prove that the negligence of the defendant led to your accident. You must be able to prove that you sustained injuries due to your accident and that your injuries are a valid reason for financial compensation.
It can be a lengthy process, but it's at the trial that you will finally know if you will get the compensation you deserve. In a trial before the jury the lawyer will argue the defendant's responsibility and the need to pay for your losses. The defendant will present evidence that their actions are not related to the accident, which prevents them from having to reimburse you for your losses.
You must attend a pre-trial discussion before you can proceed with the trial. This is the first time your case will be subject to deadlines imposed by a judge. It is also the time when your lawyer will discuss the case with the defense.
Preliminary conferences are typically conducted by a judicial registrar or a member of the court's staff. Unless the case is being handled by New York's Differentiated Case Management Rule, or otherwise exempted from the Rules the parties are required to attend in person. However, if a party is unable to attend in person they may participate via telephone or on the internet with the permission of the convenor. If your case will be part of the Differentiated Case Management Program, an initial meeting also provides an opportunity to determine whether your case falls under one of three categories namely advanced standard or complex.
Bill of Particulars
After a summons or complaint are filed, the defendant parties named in the lawsuit have either twenty or thirty days in which to submit an Answer (although this deadline may be extended with the court's permission). Once the Answer is filed, the case enters what is known as the discovery phase. In this period both sides exchange information in the form of written demand for discovery and depositions.
Following the conclusion of discovery, the plaintiff's attorney prepares what is called a Bill of Particulars. The document is a legal declaration of claims and the relief sought - usually an award of money damages. The Bill of Particulars is meant to inform the defendant of the specific legal claims made, to help them prepare for trial.
The court must examine the Bill of Particulars before it is able to be followed. In general, a court will only be able to abide by the Bill of Particulars if it is not vague or overbroad. A Bill of Particulars must only include the specific acts of negligence that are being claimed and not include any new claims. For instance in Linker v. Jolly, 203 A.D.2d 527 (2nd Dept. 1994) the court granted the motion to strike references to willful and intentional acts from a medical malpractice claim.
The court will not allow introduction of a new doctrine of recovery at an unreasonable late point in the action. To avoid causing prejudice any late amendment to a Bill of Particulars must be supported by an affidavit, which provides a reasonable explanation for the delay of this amendment.
Physical Examination
You might be wondering why a doctor, who doesn't know you or your medical history and is unfamiliar with the details of your incident, would be required to conduct a medical exam. This type of examination, which is required by Washington law, can be beneficial to your case.
Typically, IMEs are conducted by doctors medical who are hired by the insurance company of the defendant and their goal is to offer a different perspective on your injuries. While they are sometimes described as "independent," these physicians, just like insurance companies have their own agendas and financial stake in cutting down on the amount of compensation that may be awarded to an injured victim.
If you decide to undergo an IME If you decide to undergo an IME, your Orange County personal injury lawyer will make sure that you are fully informed about what to expect and will provide copies of all relevant medical records to the doctor to examine. Your lawyer will also be present at the IME and will make sure that you are being treated fairly by ensuring that the questions of the doctor do not diverge from the ones you have in your medical records. It is essential to not play around with the severity of your injuries to these doctors, as they are trained to recognize dishonesty and may make use of this information against you in trial.
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