Notes

Ecotoxicological verification associated with UV-filters employing a electric battery of marine bioassays.
Cancer is one of the major public health problems, with colorectal cancer being one of the most occurring types of cancer. During treatment, patients may experience changes in their dietary intake due to side-effects of treatment, like changes in chemosensory perception, i.e. smell and taste function. This study investigated alterations in chemosensory perception and food preferences in colorectal cancer patients during and after adjuvant chemotherapy.

Objective olfactory and gustatory function were measured by the Sniffin' Sticks and the Taste Strips test. Subjective smell and taste perception were determined with a questionnaire, while food preferences were assessed with a computer-based ranking task. To investigate changes during chemotherapy, patients undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy were measured before the start, halfway through (approximately 3 months after the start of adjuvant chemotherapy), and within one month after finishing chemotherapy (longitudinal measurements, n=15 patients). As a comparitient populations, mainly subjective smell and taste perception are affected in colorectal cancer patients undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy. Changes in objective olfactory and gustatory function in relation to chemotherapy were not detected by the tests used in our study nor did food preferences change. However, it should be noted that subjective changes in smell and taste perception can affect subsequent flavor perception and food enjoyment, which might negatively impact eating behavior and nutritional intake.
Allergic colitis (AC) is one of the most common etiologies of rectal bleeding in infants aged one to six months.

The aim of this study is to apply step-by-step dietary restrictions in the mother's diet or change of infant formula fed thereby, to evaluate the subsequent clinical response.

Sixty healthy infants whose clinical and evaluation results indicated proctocolitis in our outpatient gastroenterology clinic were included in this. They were divided into three groups according to the type of feeding; group 1 were exclusively breast fed, group 2 were exclusively formula fed and group 3 were fed with combination of both. In breast feeding women, discontinuation was allergenic food was studied in four stages; cow-related dairy products, soy, sesame and fast food (stage A), egg (stage B), corn, nuts and fish (stage C) and wheat (stage D).

Sixty newborns with age at symptom onset 3 days-20 days participated in the study. Up to the time of our initial evaluation, the mean age and weight of infants was 73.34±1.00 day and 3292.71±367.93g, respectively. There was no significant difference in sex and the type of labor between the groups. Thirty-three infants had a history of eczema and the parents of 47 infants had a history of allergy, with the greatest prevalence in group one. Rectal bleeding in 50% of infants was halted after the elimination of allergenic feed in mother (15 in stage A, 8 in stage B and 7 in stage C). Ten infants needed extensive hydrolyzed formula and 20 needed amino acid-based formulas.

There is no need for immediate use of amino acid or extensive hydrolyzed formulas in the first stage of blood in stool, perhaps discontinuing allergenic food in mothers could be the primary measure.
There is no need for immediate use of amino acid or extensive hydrolyzed formulas in the first stage of blood in stool, perhaps discontinuing allergenic food in mothers could be the primary measure.
Malnutrition, frailty and physical disability are inter-related, more prevalent in the older population and increase the risk of adverse health outcomes. Thus, screening is essential, especially in the understudied care home setting where the population is vulnerable and at higher risk of malnutrition. Furthermore, prevalence may vary depending upon screening tools used. The aims of this study were to 1) investigate the prevalence of 1) malnutrition risk using Mini Nutritional Assessment - Short Form (MNA-SF) and Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST), 2) frailty using the Edmonton Frailty Scale (EFS), 3) physical disability using the Barthel Index (BI) and (4) examine the association between variables and coexistence of states.

Screening for malnutrition (MNA-SF and MUST) and frailty (EFS) was performed as part of a comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) in 527 residents from 17 care homes in Lincoln, UK. Mean age of the group was 85.6±7.6 years and body mass index, BMI 23.0±5.1kg/m
.

A high pre highly prevalent in care home residents and interrelated. However, prevalence varies depending on the screening tool used. More research should be conducted in the care home setting to improve daily clinical practice as screening may impact upon subsequent treatment and care modalities and clinical outcomes.
Glutamine plasma concentrations outside the normal range at intensive care unit (ICU) admission are associated with unfavorable outcomes. Based on the hypothesis that hypoglutaminemia in the ICU is the result of an increased utilization of glutamine which cannot be fully met by endogenous production, extra glutamine supplementation has been advocated to ICU patients with hypoglutaminemia. However, it is still unclear whether there is a causal relation between hypo- and hyperglutaminemia and outcomes. Present guidelines advise against supplementation, although there is no evidence available for patients with hypoglutaminemia. The pathophysiology of abnormal glutamine levels and whether glutamine production or glutamine utilization is compromised is largely unknown. selleck chemicals Therefore, the aim of this study was to elucidate the relationship between plasma glutamine levels and the endogenous glutamine production in ICU patients.

In this observational study, a technique using a small bolus of intravenous glutamine with an isotopic label was used to measure glutamine production.

There was a statistically significant correlation between de novo endogenous production of glutamine (not emanating directly from protein breakdown) and plasma glutamine concentrations in the low and normal range in circulatory stabilized ICU patients (n=19), R
=0.35 (P≤0.01).

The predictive value of a low plasma glutamine concentration at ICU admission on outcomes may thus be related to a low endogenous production, which may need to be supplemented in the best interest of this cohort of patients.
The predictive value of a low plasma glutamine concentration at ICU admission on outcomes may thus be related to a low endogenous production, which may need to be supplemented in the best interest of this cohort of patients.
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