Notes

[The monitoring regarding COVID-19 at the office. The feeling in the Basque nation.]
r ischemic stroke could be determined by a protein signature that would contribute to define the role of ischemic tolerance induced by TIA.Objective Chromosomal 1p/19q co-deletion is recognized as a diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarker in lower grade glioma (LGG). This study aims to construct a radiomics signature to non-invasively predict the 1p/19q co-deletion status in LGG. Methods Ninety-six patients with pathology-confirmed LGG were retrospectively included and randomly assigned into training (n = 78) and validation (n = 18) dataset. Three-dimensional contrast-enhanced T1 (3D-CE-T1)-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) images and T2-weighted MR images were acquired, and simulated-conventional contrast-enhanced T1 (SC-CE-T1)-weighted images were generated. One hundred and seven shape, first-order, and texture radiomics features were extracted from each imaging modality and selected using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator on the training dataset. A 3D-radiomics signature based on 3D-CE-T1 and T2-weighted features and a simulated-conventional (SC) radiomics signature based on SC-CE-T1 and T2-weighted features were established using random forest. The radiomics signatures were validated independently and evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Tumors with IDH mutations were also separately assessed. Results Four radiomics features were selected to construct the 3D-radiomics signature and displayed accuracies of 0.897 and 0.833, areas under the ROC curves (AUCs) of 0.940 and 0.889 in the training and validation datasets, respectively. The SC-radiomics signature was constructed with 4 features, but the AUC values were lower than that of the 3D signature. In the IDH-mutated subgroup, the 3D-radiomics signature presented AUCs of 0.950-1.000. Conclusions The MRI-based radiomics signature can differentiate 1p/19q co-deletion status in LGG with or without predetermined IDH status. 3D-CE-T1-weighted radiomics features are more favorable than SC-CE-T1-weighted features in the establishment of radiomics signatures.Background Nonadherence to medication is a common and serious issue in the treatment of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Among others, distinct nonmotor symptoms (NMS) were found to be associated with nonadherence in PD. Here, we aimed to confirm the association between NMS and adherence. Methods In this observational study, the following data were collected sociodemographic data, the German versions of the Movement Disorder Society-sponsored revision of the unified Parkinson's disease rating scale for motor function (MDS-UPDRS III), Hoehn and Yahr (H&Y) stage, levodopa equivalent daily dose (LEDD), Becks depression inventory II (BDI-II), nonmotor symptoms questionnaire (NMSQ), and the Stendal adherence to medication score (SAMS). Results The final sample included 137 people with PD [54 (39.4%) females] with a mean age of 71.3 ± 8.2 years. According to SAMS, 10.9% of the patients were fully adherent, 73% were moderately nonadherent, and 16.1% showed clinically significant nonadherence. Nonadherence was associated with LEDD, BDI-II, education level, MDS-UPDRS III, and the NMSQ. The number of NMS was higher in nonadherent patients than in adherent patients. In the multiple stepwise regression analysis, the items 5 (constipation), 17 (anxiety), and 21 (falls) predicted nonadherence to medication. These NMSQ items also remained significant predictors for SAMS after correction for LEDD, MDS-UPDRS III, BDI-II, age, education level, gender, and disease duration. Conclusion Our study, in principle, confirms the association between NMS burden and nonadherence in PD. However, in contrast to other clinical factors, the relevance of NMSQ in terms of nonadherence is low. More studies with larger sample sizes are necessary to explore the impact of distinct NMS on adherence.Introduction Instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) are complex daily tasks important for independent living. Many older adults experience difficulty with IADLs as their physical and/or cognitive function begins to decline. However, it is unknown in what order IADLs become difficult. Methods Participants from the Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent and Vital Elderly (ACTIVE) study who were free of IADL difficulty at baseline (N = 1,277) were followed up to 10 years until first reported IADL difficulty. A total of 19 IADL tasks were grouped into seven task categories. A discrete-time multiple-event process survival mixture model (MEPSUM) was used to generate hazard estimates of incident IADL difficulty in seven groups from ages 65 to 80. Hazard estimates were compared in the three intervention groups (memory, inductive reasoning, and speed of information processing) vs. the no-contact control group. Results A total of 887 (69.5%) participants reported incident difficulty in at least one IADL task category. Compared to individuals who remained free of IADL difficulty, those who reported incident difficulty were more likely to be older, female, and have lower Short Form 36 general health scores. LY3473329 The IADL task categories to first become difficult were housework, managing health care, and phone use. There were no differences by intervention group in the hazard estimates of incident IADL difficulty. Conclusion Managing health care and phone use are more cognitively demanding IADLs, and individuals who experience difficulty in these tasks first may be more likely to experience cognitive decline. Recognizing early difficulty in managing health care may allow for implementation of compensation strategies to minimize unintentional medication misuse, increased adverse medical events, and unnecessary hospitalization. Training of a specific cognitive domain may not influence ordering of IADL difficulty because IADL tasks require proficiency in, and integration of, multiple cognitive domains.Background Hypothermia is used in the treatment of large hemispheric infarction (LHI); however, its role in outcomes for LHI patients remains ambiguous. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effect of hypothermia on the outcomes of LHI patients. Methods We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, China Biological Medicine Database, and clinical trials registers before September 21, 2018, and then scanned the reference lists. Randomized controlled trials that compared hypothermia with normothermia in LHI patients were included. Primary outcomes that we reviewed were mortality and neurological outcome. Adverse events during treatment were defined as secondary outcomes. We performed a meta-analysis to calculate pooled risk ratios (RRs), standardized mean differences (SMDs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using fixed-effect models. Results Three randomized controlled trials involving 131 participants were included. No statistically significant association was revealed between hypothermia and mortality (RR, 1.
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