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High-Throughput Quantitation involving Yeast uORF Regulation Effects Utilizing FACS-uORF.
INTRODUCTION In the era of shortage of organs for donation, transplantation from suboptimal donors is an expanding alternative to minimize waitlist mortality. In that sense, the safety of using organs from bacteremic donors has been a recurrent matter of discussion. We aimed to evaluate the influence of donor positive blood culture in the recipient and graft outcomes after liver transplantation from deceased donors. MATERIAL AND METHODS Blood culture results from 255 deceased liver donors were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were categorized into 2 groups based on the recipients who obtained a graft from a donor with negative or positive blood culture. Graft and recipient outcomes were compared between the 2 groups using univariate survival analysis and multivariate regression models. Transmission of bloodstream infection from donor to recipient was assessed by reviewing recipients' microbiologic status when there was evidence of infection. RESULTS Positive blood culture in donors was not associated with negative outcomes after transplantation. Death within 30 days after transplantation and overall recipient and graft survival did not differ between the 2 groups. Only Child-Pugh score ≥10 and retransplantation status were considered independent predictors of recipient death and graft failure. We identified 1 potential case of bacteremia transmission from donor to recipient. CONCLUSION Donor positive blood culture was not associated with negative outcomes after liver transplantation. Transmission of infection from donor to recipient is possible, but rare. The results support the usage of bacteremic donors as a safe alternative to the scarcity of optimal donors. INTRODUCTION The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate any relationship between cardiac power index (CPI) and preload indexes during liver transplantation (LT). METHODS Thirty-three patients with normal preoperative cardiac evaluation undergoing LT were included. Anesthesia management was standardized. Monitoring included continuous cardiac output determination by pulmonary artery catheter. CPI was calculated throughout LT by using the following standard formula Mean Arterial Pressure [mm Hg] × Cardiac Index [L/min/m2] × k, where k = 0.0022. A logistic regression to determine which preload indexes predicted an adequate CPI (≥ 0.4 watt/m2) was performed. Postregression analysis was carried out to calculate a cutoff of right ventricle end diastolic volume index (RVEDVI) able to guarantee an adequate CPI after establishing a sensitivity >0.9. The area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was also run separately for patients with a Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score less then or ≥ 25 to establish an accurate level of prediction in these subgroups (post-hoc analysis). RESULTS Logistic regression showed that RVEDVI was the only predictor of CPI (AUC = 0.81). A cutoff value for RVEDVI of 105 mL/m2 was found (sensitivity = 90.5%; specificity = 50%). RVEDVI predicted CPI with moderate accuracy (AUC = 0.80) in patients with MELD less then 25 (n = 25), whereas the prediction was highly accurate (AUC = 0.96) in patients with MELD ≥ 25 (n = 8). CONCLUSION An RVEDVI = 105 mL/m2 can be considered a valid cutoff to perform a fluid challenge to optimize preload during LT. Sicker recipients (with MELD ≥ 25) could exhibit less tolerance to preload reduction, proven by a decrease of CPI below the minimum value considered safe (0.40 watt/m2). In the field of transplantation, expression of HLA-G, a nonclassical HLA molecule with immunosuppressive functions and limited gene polymorphism, is considered beneficial for graft acceptance; various studies have aimed to demonstrate this role in transplantation. Recently, in other clinical conditions, it has been observed that insulin resistance was associated with HLA-G14bpins/del polymorphism, the most studied regulatory polymorphism of this molecule. In the present study, plasma levels of the soluble form of HLA-G (sHLA-G) were analyzed in kidney transplant recipients (n = 103) with different HLA-G14bpins/del genotypes. In a group of 26 recipients, sHLA-G was detected before and after transplantation (1 year) to evaluate early variations. In 77 recipients, sHLA-G was detected after transplantation (3-24 years) and correlated with occurrence of long-term post-transplant morbidity (diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, obesity, etc.). METHODS Levels of sHLA-G were measured in plasma with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; HLA-G14bpins/del and HLA-G+3142C>G genotypes were assessed using direct polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Plasma levels of sHLA-G significantly decreased during the first year after transplantation (P = .019); no significant correlations were found with genotypes or early post-transplant events. Lower levels of sHLA-G were found in recipients with post-transplant diabetes mellitus or obesity carrying the HLA-G14bpins/ins (P = .006 and P = .003, respectively) or HLA-G+3142G/G genotypes. CONCLUSIONS A complex modulation of HLA-G, which includes both immunologic and metabolic effects, could affect the risk for long-term post-transplant morbidity in kidney transplant recipients. Associations of HLA-G, diabetes, and obesity deserve to be investigated by deeply exploring HLA-G regulatory variants. INTRODUCTION The African population is one of the largest immigrant groups in Europe. Religious beliefs are deeply rooted in most African societies and condition their attitude toward organ donation. OBJECTIVE We sought to analyze the influence of Catholicism in the attitude toward organ donation among Africans residing in Spain. MATERIALS AND METHODS Study participants were born in Africa and were residents in Spain. Data were obtained from the database of the International Donor Collaborative Project, which includes a sample of the population for 15 years, stratified by those who were born in Africa, as well as age and sex. The instrument used was a validated attitude questionnaire toward living kidney donation (PCID-DTO-Ríos). buy Infigratinib RESULTS Of the population under study, 13% are Catholics (n = 475) and 80% (n = 2896) are Muslims. The favorable attitude toward the donation of cadaver organs is 53.7% (n = 255) among Catholics compared with 25.6% (n = 742) among Muslims (P less then .001). On the contrary, 17.7% of Catholics have an unfavorable opinion (n = 84), while 45.
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