Notes

PFM (piezoresponse force microscopy)-aided design for molecular ferroelectrics.
Millions of videos are ubiquitously generated and shared everyday. Releasing videos would be greatly beneficial to social interactions and the community but may result in severe privacy concerns. To the best of our knowledge, most of the existing privacy preserving techniques for video data focus on detecting and blurring the sensitive regions in the video. Tacrolimus purchase Such simple privacy models have two major limitations (1) they cannot quantify and bound the privacy risks, and (2) they cannot address the inferences drawn from the background knowledge on the involved objects in the videos. In this paper, we first define a novel privacy notion ϵ-Object Indistinguishability for all the predefined sensitive objects (e.g., humans and vehicles) in the video, and then propose a video sanitization technique VERRO that randomly generates utility-driven synthetic videos with indistinguishable objects. Therefore, all the objects can be well protected in the generated utility-driven synthetic videos which can be disclosed to any untrusted video recipient. We have conducted extensive experiments on three real videos captured for pedestrians on the streets. The experimental results demonstrate that the generated synthetic videos lie close to the original video for retaining good utility while ensuring rigorous privacy guarantee.Many processes in chemistry and biology involve interactions of a ligand with its molecular target. Interest in the mechanism governing such interactions has dominated theoretical and experimental analysis for over a century. The interpretation of molecular recognition has evolved from a simple rigid body association of the ligand with its target to appreciation of the key role played by conformational transitions. Two conceptually distinct descriptions have had a profound impact on our understanding of mechanisms of ligand binding. The first description, referred to as induced fit, assumes that conformational changes follow the initial binding step to optimize the complex between the ligand and its target. The second description, referred to as conformational selection, assumes that the free target exists in multiple conformations in equilibrium and that the ligand selects the optimal one for binding. Both descriptions can be merged into more complex reaction schemes that better describe the functional repertoire of macromolecular systems. This review deals with basic mechanisms of ligand binding, with special emphasis on induced fit, conformational selection, and their mathematical foundations to provide rigorous context for the analysis and interpretation of experimental data. We show that conformational selection is a surprisingly versatile mechanism that includes induced fit as a mathematical special case and even captures kinetic properties of more complex reaction schemes. These features make conformational selection a dominant mechanism of molecular recognition in biology, consistent with the rich conformational landscape accessible to biological macromolecules being unraveled by structural biology.[This corrects the article on p. 431 in vol. 47, PMID 31828239.].Lateral epicondylitis (LE) is a degenerative disease of the tendons, spurred by repetitive microtrauma leading to an attempt by the body to heal by upregulating local angiogenesis and fibroblast proliferation. Prolotherapy (PT) is the injection of dextrose around the injured tissues to stimulate their spontaneous regeneration. Herein, we have described a case of lateral epicondylitis, diagnosed with clinical and ultrasound (US) examination, where local steroid injections provided relief only for a limited time. We treated the patient with US-guided PT, following which the pain disappeared and the tendon was restored.An 84-year-old woman, who had been admitted to the emergency department (ED) several times because of dyspnoea, was treated for acute exacerbation of chronic respiratory failure without satisfactory clinical improvement. According to her medical history, 8 years earlier, she underwent a complicated cardiosurgical procedure that required tracheostomy and mechanical ventilation in the post-operative period for 45 days. Traditional X-Ray did not show any abnormal findings; however, high resolution thorax computed tomography (HRCT) scan revealed a severe tracheal stenosis, which was confirmed with bronchoscopy, and required immediate tracheostomy. Tracheal stenosis is a rare but severe complication that should be suspected when a patient with previous tracheostomy presents to the ED with dyspnoea even if tracheostomy had been closed many years before, because adaptive mechanism results in asymptomatic life for a long period.Placement of an epidural blood patch is the gold standard treatment for a postdural puncture headache when conservative measures have failed. If unsuccessful in relieving the symptoms, a second epidural blood patch may be warranted. However, when the accepted gold standard treatment has failed, alternative therapies may be pursued. A pterygopalatine ganglion block has been shown to be effective as an alternative to epidural blood patch placement. This case demonstrates the use of a suprazygomatic pterygopalatine ganglion block as a rescue technique for failed repeated epidural blood patch, with complete and permanent resolution of the headache.
The Helsinki Declaration on Patient Safety in Anaesthesiology is an important document for anaesthesiologists. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge and experiences of anaesthesiologists in Turkey on the "Helsinki Declaration on Patient Safety."

After the ethics committee approval and participants' consent, electronic questionnaires were sent to anesthetists working in Turkey. The questionnaire included 48 questions.

The mean age of the participants was 44.28±8.01 years, and 52.1% were women (n=142). The mean time spent in the field of anesthesiology was 12.83±7.76 years. The percentage of participants working in private hospitals was 13.4%. A total of 58.5% of the participants were educated on patient safety out of whom 57% said that their knowledge was sufficient, 37.3% said that it was limited, and 5.6% felt that it was insufficient. The knowledge of participants about the Helsinki Declaration was sufficient in 31.7%, limited in 39.4%, insufficient in 9.2%, and 19.7% had no knowledge. A total of 27% of participants believed that implementation of the Helsinki Declaration improved patient safety.
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