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How Personal Injury Lawsuits Work
Personal injury lawsuits are civil litigation over the compensation for losses or injuries. These lawsuits typically involve a party who is at the fault (defendant) and an injured party known as the plaintiff.
Your attorney will review your medical records and other documentation to understand the full extent of your injuries, costs and damages. This will assist them in preparing and negotiate with the insurance company on behalf of you.
Damages
If a plaintiff prevails in a personal injury case, the court gives the plaintiff money to pay damages. The funds can be awarded in a lump sum or paid over time as part of a structured settlement. These funds are also known as compensatory damages. There are two types of compensatory damages: specific and general. Special damages are those that can be itemized and quantifiable for example, medical expenses and lost wages. General damages, such as discomfort and pain, as well as loss of enjoyment of life, are more difficult to quantify.
Keep a journal to document how your injuries impacted your life. This increases your chances of receiving the most compensation for any non-economic losses. This includes the impact on your relationships, your daily pain levels, and episodes of mental stress and how your injuries impact your ability to participate in activities you once took for taken for granted.
In many personal injury lawsuits there are many defendants. This is most common when a person or business commits criminal intent, fraud or gross negligence. The court may also award punitive damage to deter other people from acting in the same way.
After a lawsuit has been filed, the defendants will receive a summons and complaint. The defendants will be required to respond (also called an answer) within 30 days. Typically, defendants deny the allegations made in the complaint. After the answer is filed, the case moves to a stage of fact-finding known as discovery. This is the time when the parties exchange pertinent information and evidence, as well as taking depositions under oath. This stage accounts for the majority of time in the timeline of personal injury lawsuits.
Statute of limitations
If you file a lawsuit claiming injury after the statute of limitations expires you could lose the right to collect damages. That's why it's crucial to speak with an attorney for personal injury about your case as early as possible even if not certain if the incident occurred before the deadline.
A statute of limitations is a state law which provides a time frame for filing a lawsuit. In the majority of states, the statute of limitations starts with the date of the accident or incident which caused your injuries. The deadline for filing a personal injury lawsuit also varies depending on the person you're suing. If you want to sue an entity of municipal government (such as a county or city), the deadline is shorter.
There are also certain situations that could alter the statute of limitation in your particular case. For instance, if were exposed to harmful substances or a victim of medical negligence the statute of limitations may start when you discover, or reasonably should have realized that your injuries were the result of negligence. In certain instances minors are not subject to the statute of limitation.
If you file an injury claim after the statute of limitations has expired the defendant will likely inform the court about this and request that your lawsuit be dismissed. In this scenario, the court will dismiss your claim in a hurry without a hearing. This is why it's important to consult an experienced personal injury lawyer as soon as possible to discuss your case and determine whether you have a legitimate legal claim.
Complaint
A complaint is a formal legal document filed by a person who alleges a cause for action and seeks the judicial remedy. Atlanta injury lawsuits should also specify the kind of compensation that the plaintiff seeks. The defendant must then respond within a specific time frame. In general the case, a defendant will deny the claim. If the defendant does not respond, a default judgment may be granted to the petitioner's behalf.
Personal injury claims are generally founded on bodily injury. Your attorney will ensure that you get paid for medical bills currently incurred and any future expenses. This includes things like medications, home care and physical therapy. Additionally, you can claim for any loss of quality of life caused by your injuries. This includes things like being unable to walk, sleep or drive normally. This kind of injury is called suffering and pain.
When a complaint is filed when a complaint is filed, the court will hold a preliminary meeting to plan the mandatory oral and physical examinations, as well as any document production. Your lawyer will then prepare a Bill of Particulars. This is a detailed report of your injuries. It will include all of your losses which include the cost of your current and future medical expenses, lost earnings and property damage. Your lawyer will also outline the alleged emotional distress and disfigurement, the loss of enjoyment of life, and any other non-monetary damages you seek. If your case is found to be a probable cause you will be scheduled for an open hearing. If your complaint is dismissed due to a determination of no probable cause or because the court does not have jurisdiction, you may appeal the decision.
Summons
The formal lawsuit begins with a summons. The plaintiff submits the complaint to a court and sends a copy of the document to the defendant via certified or registered mail within a specified time frame. The defendant must respond or risk default judgment against them. Your New York City personal injury attorney will submit an Bill of Particulars, which sets out the injuries and damages you've sustained more fully. It could include photographs of your injuries, medical bills and lost wages. The document will also contain information about the accident and how you believe the defendant is accountable for the harm.
During the middle part of a lawsuit called "discovery," each party is allowed to ask questions and examine the evidence of the other party. Your attorney will be important during this stage of negotiations since the defendant's representatives want complete information prior to making settlement offers.
Your lawyer can also request to see you by a physician they select in connection with the damages or injuries you're seeking. If you do not attend, the court could dismiss your case. Also, the court may order you to pay for the defendant's examination costs.
After the discovery and inspection process is completed, the lawyers on both sides can submit a document referred to as an "Notice of Issue" and a "Statement of Readiness for Trial." This informs the court that your case is now ready to go to trial. The judge will then determine an appointment date for the trial. During the trial the jury will decide whether the defendant is responsible for the accident and injuries. If the defendant is accountable and the jury awards you damages. If the defendant isn't liable then the jury will deny your claim.
Trial
A personal injury lawsuit encompasses a range of injuries that include wrongful death, emotional distress (libel and slander) as well as physical injuries caused by accidents such as car crashes and falls. A lawsuit could also be filed for physical injuries such as discomfort and pain, as well as loss of companionship.
Your lawyer will conduct a thorough investigation on the accident during the early stages of the case to determine the precise cause and extent of your injuries. He or she will then engage with the insurance company of the party at the fault. Your attorney will keep you up to date on any negotiations and important developments throughout the process.
Once negotiations have failed, your lawyer will make a formal complaint to court against the defendant. A complaint, the first official document filed in civil lawsuits, names all parties, details the incident and lays out allegations of wrongdoing. It also demands compensation. The complaint must be served personally which means it must be physically handed to the defendant. This typically takes about a month. After service is completed, the defendant must "answer" the Complaint within a specified time frame, which is typically 30 days.
The answer will explain whether the defendant denies or acknowledges the allegations made in the Complaint. In this phase your lawyer could submit medical records, documents as well as other evidence to prove your argument. The attorney representing the defendant will then respond to these documents, and then the two sides will begin negotiations.
If the parties can't reach an agreement, mediation or arbitration could be required before the trial can be held. However, a significant percentage of personal injury cases settle outside of court. Your lawyer must first pay any company with liens on your monetary award from a special account before distributing an actual check.
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