Notes

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The association between body composition parameters and peak bone mineral density is not well documented. The aim of this study is to assess the relative contributions of lean mass and fat mass on peak bone mineral density (BMD).

The study involved 416 women and 334 men aged between 20 and 30 years who were participants in the population-based Vietnam Osteoporosis Study. Whole body composition parameters (eg, fat mass and lean mass) and BMD at the lumbar spine and femoral neck were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The association between lean mass and fat mass and BMD was analyzed by the linear regression model using the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO).

Peak BMD in men was higher than women, and the difference was more pronounced at the femoral neck (average difference 0.123g/cm
; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.105-0.141g/cm
) than at the lumbar spine (average difference 0.019g/cm
; 95% CI, 0.005-0.036g/cm
). Results of LASSO regression indicated that lean mass was the only predictor of BMD for either men or women. Each kilogram increase in lean mass was associated with ∼0.01g/cm
increase in BMD. Lean mass alone explained 16% and 36% of variation in lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD, respectively.

Lean mass, not fat mass, is the main determinant of peak bone mineral density. This finding implies that good physical activity during adulthood can contribute to the maximization of peak bone mass during adulthood.
Lean mass, not fat mass, is the main determinant of peak bone mineral density. This finding implies that good physical activity during adulthood can contribute to the maximization of peak bone mass during adulthood.
To validate the Thai Strength, Assistance with walking, Rise from a chair, Climb stairs and Falls (SARC-F), and 2 Mini Sarcopenia Risk Assessment (MSRA-5, and MSRA-7) questionnaires for sarcopenia screening in older patients in the medical outpatient setting, and to assess the improvements of the diagnostic accuracy by adapting the parameters in the SARC-F, MSRA-7, and MSRA-5 questionnaires. Risk factors for sarcopenia are also investigated.

Thai SARC-F, MSRA-7, and MSRA-5 questionnaires were translated backwards and forwards. Content validity and test-retest reliability were analyzed. Reliability analysis was used for SARC-F, MSRA-7, and MSRA-5 scores to increase the sensitivity and specificity. The sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratio, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) were analyzed.

The prevalence of sarcopenia was 22.7% (65 of 286 patients). The sensitivity of the SARC-F, MSRA-7, and MSRA-5 questionnaires was 21.5%, 72.3%, and 61.5%, respectively. The specificity was 93.7%, 43%, and 67.4%, respectively. The AUCs were 0.58, 0.58, and 0.65, respectively. After weighting and adjusting the scores for the least responded-to items of the MSRA-5, the sensitivity increased to 82.6%, specificity to 43.4%, and AUC to 0.65. Multivariate analysis showed that the associated factors of sarcopenia were age [odds ratio (OR)=5.92], body mass index<18.5 [OR=9.59], and currently working [OR=0.11].

The modified MSRA-5 improved the sensitivity and diagnostic accuracy for screening for sarcopenia. It is potentially useful for screening for sarcopenia in settings with limited resources for bioelectrical impedance analysis, time, or health personnel.
The modified MSRA-5 improved the sensitivity and diagnostic accuracy for screening for sarcopenia. It is potentially useful for screening for sarcopenia in settings with limited resources for bioelectrical impedance analysis, time, or health personnel.
The purpose of the study is to assess the effectiveness of fracture liaison service (FLS) after 5-year implementation to close the secondary fracture care gap, ensuring that patients receive osteoporosis assessment, intervention, and treatment, therefore, reducing the fracture risk at Police General Hospital (PGH).

A prospective cohort study was conducted. We studied male and female, ≥ 50 years old who presented with a fragility hip fracture and participated in PGH's FLS from April 1, 2014-March 31, 2019 (5 years implementation). The sample size was 353 patients, with 1-year follow-up. The data were compared with a previous study, before the commencement of the FLS.

After 1-year follow up, the mortality rates were 5.95% and there were only 8 patients who had secondary fractures (2.93%), which showed a decrease of 30% from before FLS implementation. Post-injury bone mineral density (BMD) rates were increased from 28.33% to 85.84%, osteoporosis treatment rates were increased from 40.8% to 89.38%, and the time to surgery and hospitalization decreased from 7.9 to 5.0 days, and 23.2 to 19.6 days, respectively, all with statistical significance (P<0.001). However, the 1-year mortality rates were not significant when compared to the previous study.

Patients with fragility hip fractures participating in FLS after 5-year implementation at PGH had significantly higher post-injury BMD and osteoporosis treatment rates and significantly shorter in time to surgery and hospitalization. This showed that secondary fracture rates were lower than before the project at 1-year of follow up.
Patients with fragility hip fractures participating in FLS after 5-year implementation at PGH had significantly higher post-injury BMD and osteoporosis treatment rates and significantly shorter in time to surgery and hospitalization. This showed that secondary fracture rates were lower than before the project at 1-year of follow up.
This postmarketing study aims to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of oral administration of risedronate at 75mg once monthly for 36 months in patients with osteoporosis in Japan.

Participants were ambulatory outpatients with osteoporosis who were ≥ 50 years old and had prevalent vertebral fractures. Outcomes were the incidence rate of adverse drug reaction (ADR), cumulative incidence of vertebral, nonvertebral, and hip fractures, the percent changes of lumbar spinal L
bone mineral density (BMD), and low back pain. In addition, medication compliance was examined.

Safety, vertebral fractures, and other outcomes were analyzed in 542, 328, and 535 patients, respectively. In the safety analysis set, 88.38% of the patients were women and the mean age was 75.9 years. The monthly medication compliance rate ranged from 83.24% to 95.38%. The incidence rate of ADRs, including 4 severe ADRs, was 10.52% (n=57). The common ADRs were gastrointestinal disorders, musculoskeletal, and connective tissue disorders. CCK receptor agonist No osteonecrosis of the jaw was reported.
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