Notes

Finding associated with memantyl urea types while effective soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors towards lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis.
2% higher NH4+-N removal rate at the time of biofilm maturation.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as motor neuron disease as well as Lou Gehrig's disease, is a progressive neurological disorder selectively affecting motor neurons with no currently known cure. Around 20% of the familial ALS cases arise from dominant mutations in the sod1 gene encoding superoxide dismutase1 (SOD1) enzyme. Aggregation of mutant SOD1 in familial cases and of wild-type SOD1 in at least some sporadic ALS cases is one of the known causes of the disease. Riluzole, approved in 1995 and edaravone in 2017 remain the only drugs with limited therapeutic benefits.

We have utilised the ebselen template to develop novel compounds that redeem stability of mutant SOD1 dimer and prevent aggregation. Binding modes of compounds have been visualised by crystallography. Selleck GPR84 antagonist 8 In vitro neuroprotection and toxicity of lead compounds have been performed in mouse neuronal cells and disease onset delay of ebselen has been demonstrated in transgenic ALS mice model.

We have developed a number of ebselen-e, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Japan.
Project funding was supported by the ALS Association grant (WA1128) and Fostering Joint International Research (19KK0214) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Japan.
High stillborn rates are a concern in developing countries. Hence, this article aims to describe the sociocultural norms contributing to the high number of stillbirths as perceived by mothers, significant others, midwives and records of the Pregnancy Problem Identification Programme (PPIP).

A multimethod qualitative descriptive study was conducted in a district in the Free State, South Africa. Each of the five sub-districts has a district hospital where most pregnant women give birth. Eighty per cent of the community is black of which about a quarter live in poor conditions below the poverty line.

The first author conducted unstructured in-depth interviews with 36 mothers and their significant other who gave birth to a stillborn. She also extracted relevant data from the PPIP record of each mother. A skilled moderator conducted three focus group interviews with a convenience sample of midwives. The data were inductively analysed to identify subthemes under the central theme of social norms.

The authors concluded that traditional practices, traditional role players (traditional healer, mother-in-law, partner), abuse, and prescriptive social norms might contribute to stillbirths. Pregnant women are oppressed as they adhere to traditional social norms and are unable to make independent, informed healthcare decisions. The midwives, who are mostly female, may find it difficult to empower pregnant women because they are under the same social oppression as their clients.

It is imperative that healthcare providers consider social determinants of health, including social norms, when providing healthcare, especially to pregnant women as some social practices may have detrimental outcomes for the mother and/or baby.
It is imperative that healthcare providers consider social determinants of health, including social norms, when providing healthcare, especially to pregnant women as some social practices may have detrimental outcomes for the mother and/or baby.
People with diabetes have multiple psychosocial issues related to diabetes and its complications and this may be exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic.

We reviewed the psychological adaptative difficulties in people with diabetes especially during natural disasters including the prevailing COVID-19 pandemic.

There are significant concerns regarding worsening of glycemic control, unavailability of appropriate medicines, inaccessibility to health care or acquiring SARS- CoV-2 infection and subsequent poorer outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Although there are some guidance documents for managing diabetes and associated complications during COVID-19 pandemic but very few address the psychological issues in people with diabetes. We discuss the psychological adaptive difficulties and an approach to address the psychosocial concerns in people with diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic.

People with diabetes have significant diabetes distress and psychological adaptive difficulties that is aggravated by the COVID-19 pandemic. An integrated multidisciplinary approach is needed to manage the prevailing psychological issues amongst people with diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic.
People with diabetes have significant diabetes distress and psychological adaptive difficulties that is aggravated by the COVID-19 pandemic. An integrated multidisciplinary approach is needed to manage the prevailing psychological issues amongst people with diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spreads rapidly and within no time, it has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. Evidence suggests diabetes to be a risk factor for the progression and poor prognosis of COVID-19. Therefore, we aimed to understand the pooled prevalence of diabetes in patients infected with COVID-19. We also aimed to compute the risk of mortality and ICU admissions in COVID-19 patients with and without diabetes.

A comprehensive literature search was performed in PubMed to identify the articles reporting the diabetes prevalence and risk of mortality or ICU admission in COVID-19 patients. The primary outcome was to compute the pooled prevalence of diabetes in COVID-19 patients. Secondary outcomes included risk of mortality and ICU admissions in COVID-19 patients with diabetes compared to patients without diabetes.

This meta-analysis was based on a total of 23007 patients from 43 studies. The pooled prevalence of diabetes in patients infected with COVID-19 was found to be 15% (95% CI 12%-18%), p= <0.0001. Mortality risk was found to be significantly higher in COVID-19 patients with diabetes as compared to COVID-19 patients without diabetes with a pooled risk ratio of 1.61 (95% CI 1.16-2.25%), p=0.005. Likewise, risk of ICU admission rate was significantly higher in COVID-19 patients with diabetes as compared to COVID-19 patients without diabetes with a pooled risk ratio of 1.88 (1.20%-2.93%), p=0.006.

This meta-analysis found a high prevalence of diabetes and higher mortality and ICU admission risk in COVID-19 patients with diabetes.
This meta-analysis found a high prevalence of diabetes and higher mortality and ICU admission risk in COVID-19 patients with diabetes.
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