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Epidemiological evidence for the association between traffic-related noise and the incidence of major cardiovascular events such as acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and congestive heart failure (CHF) is inconclusive, especially in North America.

We evaluated the associations between long-term exposure to road traffic noise and the incidence of AMI and CHF.

Our study population comprised



∼


1


 million


people 30-100 years of age who lived in Toronto, Canada, from 2001 to 2015 and were free of AMI (referred to as the AMI cohort) or CHF (the CHF cohort) at baseline. Outcomes were ascertained from health administrative databases using validated algorithms. Annual average noise levels were estimated as the A-weighted equivalent sound pressure level over the 24-h period (LAeq24) and during nighttime (LAeqNight), respectively, using propagation modeling, and assigned to participants' annual six-digit postal code addresses during follow-up. We calculated hazarrm exposure to UFPs and nitrogen dioxide. We found near-linear relationships between noise and the incidence of AMI and CHF with no evidence of threshold values.

In this large cohort study in Toronto, Canada, chronic exposure to road traffic noise was associated with elevated risks for AMI and CHF incidence. https//doi.org/10.1289/EHP5809.
In this large cohort study in Toronto, Canada, chronic exposure to road traffic noise was associated with elevated risks for AMI and CHF incidence. https//doi.org/10.1289/EHP5809.We designed a questionnaire to assess the prevalence of scientific misconduct and possible associated factors in tertiary hospitals in China. A total of 278 questionnaires were distributed to researchers in three tertiary hospitals, and 217 were returned. The top three influencing factors on scientific misconduct were individual morality (74.20%), pressure for promotion (65.90%), and pressure for publishing articles (63.59%). More than 50% of researchers thought the pressure for promotion, publication, and external funding were high or very high. Approximately 40% of researchers admitted having committed at least one of the nine listed forms of scientific misconduct, and 17.51% admitted having committed at least one of fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism. The most common scientific misconducts was inappropriate authorship (29.49%). Being a principal investigator or physician and higher pressure for promotion were associated with higher self-reported research misconduct severity score (RMSS) grade. Being female and better recognition of scientific integrity were related to lower RMSS grade. We recommend that the Chinese policy makers and hospitals pay more attention to increasing perceptions of scientific integrity, establish a more scientific evaluation system for promotion, and improve the auditing and surveillance of research.
Much has been written from the social science perspective surrounding surgeons' stress and burn out. The literature is sparse in reference to scientific investigations of the hemodynamic effect of that stress. read more This prospective clinical study quantifies the physiologic impact of performing surgery upon the acute care surgeon.

Over 2.5 years, monitoring devices were affixed to surgeons prior to entering the operating room, and physiologic variables were documented every 30 minutes. Qualifying cases were projected as being greater than 2 hours with a baseline preoperative measurement obtained. Variables recorded included blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), rate pressure product (RPP), oxygen saturation (O
sat), and end-tidal carbon dioxide (ET CO
).

Statistically significant differences (
< .05) were found between baseline data to the maximum recording during the surgical operation for BP (min 101 ± 6.6 (mmHg)-max 117 ± 5.1 (mmHg)), HR (min 70.5 ± 6.2 (bpm)-max 83.7 ± 9.0 (bpm)), O
sat (min 97 ± 2.0 (%)-max 100 ± 0.22(%)), and ET CO
(min 34.1 ± 1.15 mmHg-max 38 ± 1.7 mmHg) (
< .0001). The RPP ranged from 10.49 mmHg/min to 15.88 mmHg/min with a mean of 14.00 mmHg/min.

The practice of surgery is considered demanding in training and lifestyle in comparison to other medical specialties. This data is among the first to demonstrate the negative physiological impact of surgery upon the metabolic demand of the surgeon. The longitudinal implications of increased physiologic demand over time may have cardiovascular and cerebrovascular consequences.
The practice of surgery is considered demanding in training and lifestyle in comparison to other medical specialties. This data is among the first to demonstrate the negative physiological impact of surgery upon the metabolic demand of the surgeon. The longitudinal implications of increased physiologic demand over time may have cardiovascular and cerebrovascular consequences.
Family denial of organ donation from deceased donor-eligible patients is a major contributor to the deficit of transplantable organs in the United States.

Does an evidence-based communication intervention improve deceased organ donor authorization rates from family decision-makers?

This implementation and dissemination study used Communicating Effectively about Donation on Organ Procurement Organization professionals responsible for discussing donation and obtaining authorization from family decision-makers. A 14-month, nationwide social marketing campaign generated a sample of 682 requesters, yielding a final analyzable sample of 253 participants. Serving as their own controls, participants spent the first 3 months in a preintervention period, completed the web-based intervention, and progressed to a 3-month postintervention period. Participants completed brief online weekly surveys to assess the intervention's impact on their communication skills.

Authorization rates did not improve overall between ion.We examined risky sexual choice under the lens of rational decision-making. Participants (N = 257) completed a novel sexual-choice task in which they selected from among hypothetical sexual partners varying in physical attractiveness and in the probability that one would contract a sexually transmitted infection (STI) from a one-time sexual encounter with them. We found that nearly all participants evaluated the sexual-choice alternatives in a coherent fashion consistent with utility-based theories of rational choice. In subsequent analyses, we classified participants' responses according to whether their sexual preferences were based on maximizing attractiveness or minimizing the risk of STIs. Finally, we established an association between sexual choice in our task and reported real-world sexual risk-taking.
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