Notes

In the direction of characterization associated with Female Penile Mutilation (FGM) inside rural Africa.
01) were high (p<.05); and deceleration time was short (p<.05). Besides, transmitral ratio (E/E
) (p<.05) and tricuspid valve velocity were higher (p<.05), and early diastolic velocity (E
) (p<.05) and systolic wave velocity (S
) were lower in patients with β-TM (p<.05). A significant positive correlation was detected between the pro-BNP and E wave (r=0.558, p<.001), E/A ratio (r=0.403, p<.001), E/E
ratio (r=0.576, p<.001), and ferritin (r=0.545, p<.001).

Pulsed wave tissue Doppler imaging and NT pro-BNP had a significant role in the estimation of ventricular dysfunction in children with β-TM.
Pulsed wave tissue Doppler imaging and NT pro-BNP had a significant role in the estimation of ventricular dysfunction in children with β-TM.White sponge nevus (WSN) is a benign autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the formation of white spongy plaques in the oral mucosa. Keratin (KRT) 13 is highly expressed in the mucosa, and mutations in this gene have been commonly associated with WSN patients. However, it remains unknown whether there is a causal relationship between KRT13 mutations and WSN and what the underlying mechanisms might be. Here, we use mouse genetic models to demonstrate that Krt13 is crucial for the maintenance of epithelial integrity. Krt13 knockout mice show a WSN-like phenotype in several tissues, including the tongue, buccal mucosa, and esophagus. Transcriptome analyses uncover that Krt13 regulates a cohort of gene networks in tongue epithelial cells, including epithelial differentiation, immune responses, stress-activated kinase signaling, and metabolic processes. We also provide evidence that epithelial cells without Krt13 are susceptible to mechanical stresses experienced during postnatal life, resulting in unbalanced cell proliferation and differentiation. These data demonstrate that Krt13 is essential for maintaining epithelial homeostasis and loss of Krt13 causes the WSN-like phenotype in mice.Perturbations of proteostatic mechanisms and mitochondrial decline during ageing and neurodegenerative diseases are well-established. Nevertheless, only a handful of interventions boosting proteostasis and mitochondrial function have been shown to delay ageing while therapies against neurodegeneration are still unavailable. Increasing evidence links the function of proteostatic mechanisms with each other and with the mitochondrial network. Tracing of this complex crosstalking network might lead to effective anti-ageing or neurodegenerative disease-modifying approaches. In this review we present evidence on the crosstalk of proteostatic mechanisms with mitochondria and discuss how incorporating this knowledge in future studies may help us develop more efficacious interventions against ageing and neurodegeneration.Allostatic load represents the 'wear and tear' of chronic stress on the brain and body that may differ between men and women. A small but growing number of studies are assessing allostatic load in relation to mental health. The objective of this systematic review was to (1) assess sex differences in allostatic load and (2) identify allostatic load associations that are specific to women. We systematically searched for allostatic load studies that included psychosocial causes and/or psychiatric consequences. AD80 Our search focused on allostatic load studies that disaggregated by sex and that include women. Sixty-two studies were included in this systematic review. First, men appear to have higher allostatic load than women. Second, women show gender-specific variation for numerous factors such as age, race/ethnicity, adversities, social support, and health behaviors that influence associations between allostatic load and mental health. Recommendations are made to guide researchers advance sex and gender approaches.Epidemiological studies indicated that mood disorders like depression and anxiety are highly prevalent in type-II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying the relationship between T2DM and depression have yet to be identified. Thus, understanding the neural mechanisms that mediate the co-morbidity of depression and type-II diabetes mellitus may unlock new pharmacological treatments for this condition. The present study investigated the role of the agmatinergic system in T2DM induced depression using forced swim test (FST) and anxiety in the elevated plus-maze (EPM)in rats. T2DM was induced by the combination of high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ) injection and confirmed by high blood glucose levels. After 12 weeks, HFD fed and STZ injected rats exhibited depression-like behaviors and anxiety. It was associated with increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-6 and TNF-α, and reduced BDNF immunocontent in the hippocampal tissues. The T2DM-induced depression, anxiety, and neuroinflammatory markers were significantly inhibited by agmatine (10-20 mg/kg, i.p.), by once-daily administration during 9th to 12th week of the protocol. Agmatine levels were significantly reduced in the hippocampus of T2DM rats as compared to the normal fed (NF) control animals. In conclusion, the present study suggests the importance of endogenous agmatine in T2DM induced anxiety and depressive-like behavior in rats. The data projects agmatine as a potential therapeutic target for T2DM-associated depression, anxiety, and comorbidities.The healthy maturation of the brain is one of the intriguing topics that need to be investigated to understand human brain and child development. The present study aimed to investigate the development of memory processes both for auditory and visual memory using electroencephalography (EEG)-Brain Dynamics methodologies. Sixteen healthy children between the ages of 6 and 7 years and eighteen healthy young adults (age 21.32 ± 3.28 years) were included in the study. EEG was recorded from 18 channels during the visual and auditory memory paradigms. Two different subtests of the WISC-IV IQ test were applied to all children. Event-related theta (4-7 Hz), alpha (8-13 Hz) power and phase-locking were analyzed. The young adults had higher memory performance than the children for both auditory and visual paradigms. The children had increased theta phase-locking and left alpha power in response to the remembered objects in comparison to the forgotten objects. The young adults had higher theta and alpha phase-locking than the children over the frontal and central locations (p less then 0.
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