Notes

Synthesis, proteolytic balance, and in vitro evaluation of DOTA conjugated p160 peptide primarily based radioconjugates: [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-p160.
om conventionally-grown fruits and vegetables is harmful to fertility, although non-differential exposure misclassification may have attenuated our findings. The determination of PM2.5-induced biological response is essential for understanding the adverse health risk associated with PM2.5 exposure. In this study, we conducted cell-based bioassays to measure the toxic effects of PM2.5 exposure, including cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, genotoxicity and inflammatory response. The concentration-response relationship was analyzed by benchmark dose (BMD) modeling and the BMDL10 was used to estimate the biological potency of PM2.5 exposure. PM2.5 samples were collected from three typical megacities of China (Beijing, BJ; Wuhan, WH; Guangzhou, GZ) in typical seasons (winter and summer). The total PM, water-soluble fractions (WSF), and organic extracts (OE) were prepared and subjected to examination of toxic effects. The biological potencies for cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and genotoxicity were generally higher in winter samples, while the inflammatory potency of PM2.5 was higher in summer samples. The relative health risk (RHR) was determined by integration of the biological potencies and the cumulative exposure level, and the ranks of RHR were BJ-W > WH-W > BJ-S > WH-S > GZ-W > GZ-S. Notably, we note that different PM2.5 compositions were associated with distinct biological effects, and the health effects distribution of PM2.5 varied in regions and seasons. These findings demonstrate that the approach of integrated cell-based bioassays could be used for the evaluation of health effects of PM2.5 exposure. Nitrate/nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation (n-DAMO) coupling to Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) provides an opportunity for simultaneous nitrogen removal and methane emissions mitigation from wastewater. However, to achieve high nitrogen removal rate in such a process remains a critical challenge in practical application. read more This work investigated the interactions between n-DAMO and Anammox in membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR) and then developed operational strategies of MBfR for high rate nitrogen removal from landfill leachate. Initially, influent containing nitrate and ammonium facilitated the development of n-DAMO and Anammox microorganisms in MBfR, but nitrogen removal performance is hard to be further improved even deteriorated. Detailed investigations of interactions among n-DAMO and Anammox microorganisms confirmed that extra addition of nitrite into MBfR fed with nitrate and ammonium not only stimulated the activities of Anammox bacteria, but also enhanced the activities of n-DAMO archaea from 172.3 to 356.9 mg NO3--N L-1 d-1. Functional gene analysis also indicated that mcrA and hzsA genes increased after nitrite addition. Based on this finding, influent containing NO3-, NO2- and NH4+ enabled nitrogen removal rates of MBfR increase from 224.9 to 888.2 mg N L-1 d-1. Finally, nitrate in the influent was gradually replaced with nitrite to mimic the effluent from partial nitriation of landfill leachate, but maintain the nitrate availability for n-DAMO archaea through increasing nitrate production from Anammox. These operation strategies enabled MBfR achieve the steady state with a nitrogen removal rate of 6.1 kg N m-3 d-1. Microbial community analysis revealed n-DAMO archaea, n-DAMO bacteria and Anammox bacteria jointly dominated the biofilm, and their relative abundance dynamically shifted with feeding regime. This work provides promising operational strategies for high rate of nitrogen removal from landfill leachate through integrating n-DAMO and Anammox process. This study aimed to assess the sperm quality and number of colony-forming units (CFU mL-1) in extended boar semen stored at low temperatures with or without antibiotics. Normospermic ejaculates (n = 34) were diluted in split samples with Androstar® Premium with or without antibiotics (ampicillin and apramycin sulfate). The extended semen doses were stored for 120 h under three storage temperatures (5, 10, and 17 °C). Variables were analyzed as repeated measures using the GLIMMIX procedure, in a factorial design. The extended semen doses under low-temperature storage (5 and 10 °C) had total motility above 75% throughout the storage. The interaction antibiotic × temperature was significant for total (P = 0.004) and progressive motility (P = 0.005). In extended boar semen doses with antibiotics, the total and progressive motility increased as the storage temperature increased (80.2%, 84.5%, and 89.1%; 70.5%, 76.0%, and 82.9% for total and progressive motility at 5, 10, and 17 °C, respectively; P 0.05) by using antibiotics. A higher percentage of normal acrosomes was observed as the storage temperature increased (93.6%, 94.3%, and 96.8% at 5, 10, and 17 °C, respectively; P less then 0.0001). The membrane integrity was higher (P less then 0.0001) in extended semen doses stored at 17 °C than at 10 or 5 °C. The pH rose throughout the storage in all the treatments, except in extended semen doses stored at 17 °C without antibiotics, in which a decrease in the pH occurred at 120 h (P less then 0.05). Although the sperm quality being negatively affected by low temperatures, the storage of extended boar semen doses at 5 °C is possible since the sperm viability in vitro was maintained for up to 5 days, fulfilling the requirements of semen quality to be used in artificial insemination. Nevertheless, the use of extended semen doses without antibiotics requires the optimization of hygiene procedures during semen dose processing. Pejerrey fish (Odontesthes bonariensis) is a seasonal multiple spawner with great economic importance and an adequate species for Aquaculture. For these reasons, it is necessary to apply biotechnologies to optimize its reproduction in captivity. In this context, the aim of this work was to develop a cooling protocol for pejerrey embryos at sub-zero temperatures. Two cryoprotective solutions (CSs S1 and S2), two cooling curves (a fast and a slow one) and two storage temperatures (-14 and -20 °C) were evaluated for 1 h. High percentages of embryo survival (80-100%) were obtained in all cases. In particular, for cooling at -14 °C, the most suitable protocol was the slow temperature decrease in combination with S1 (2.5 M methanol, 1.4 M Me2SO, 0.3 M sucrose, and 0.08 M NaCl). The hatching rate (86.67 ± 11.55%) and the larval survival observed did not differ from those of the control group, and about 30% of normal-looking larvae were obtained. Besides, the slow cooling was also the best way to reach -20 °C, obtaining a hatching rate of around 60%.
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