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This study is a critical first step to develop candidate CDE items to measure staff training internationally. Further work is required to get feedback from other researchers about the proposed CDEs, and assess the feasibility of these CDEs in high and low resourced settings.This study explored self-reported changes in caregiving intensity (CI) and caregiver burden (CB) among informal caregivers due to the COVID-19 pandemic overall and by gender. Informal caregivers for someone age 50+ completed a survey via Amazon's MTurk in June 2020. Participants reported changes in CI and CB due to COVID-19 and provided demographic information. Multinomial logistic regression models assessed changes in CI and CB attributed to the COVID-19 pandemic overall and by gender. The sample (n = 835) was 68.5% male and had an average age of 34 years (SD 9.8); 55.7% had increased CI, and 53.1% had increased CB attributed to the pandemic. Increased CB due to COVID-19 was associated with increased CI (OR 5.67, 95% CI 3.92-8.00). Male caregivers with decreased CI due to COVID-19 were nearly seven times as likely as those with no change in CI to have reduced CB due to COVID-19 (OR 6.91, 95% CI 3.29-14.52). Women with decreased CI due to COVID-19 were over eight times as likely to have reduced CB due to COVID (OR 8.30, 95% CI 2.66-25.91). Results indicate that many caregivers experienced increases in CI and CB since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, and that these changes are complex and vary by gender.The Safe Functional Motion Test (SFM-5) is a five item performance based clinical assessment tool quantifying habitual daily movement that may increase the risk of osteoporosis and fractures. Fractures are a major cause of hospitalization and contributor to increased health care utilization costs. A sample of 1,700 adults, aged 40 and older, from an osteoporosis specialty clinic were evaluated to determine if the initial SFM-5 score had predictive utility for determining inpatient hospitalization at 12, 24, and 36 months post fracture. When adjusted for sex, age, and prior hospitalization, logistic regression analyses indicated that the SFM-5 score significantly predicted inpatient hospitalization within 12 months, 24 months, and 36 months. For every 10 point decrease in the SFM-5 score, the 1 year risk of hospitalization increased by 24%. The SFM-5 is a tool to use when assessing habitual functional movements and hospitalization risk among high-fracture risk adults.This study analyzed the difference between rural and urban older adults in Thailand regarding the relationship between the knowledge and behavior toward the prevention of contracting COVID-19. Path analysis was used to observe if the performance of protective behaviors was affected by the level of knowledge that older people have about the disease. This study used the Impact of COVID-19 on Older Persons in Thailand survey collected across the five regions of the country. Rural residents benefited from community network of village health volunteers who provided information during the pandemic but, they had disadvantages on accessing newer media sources, mainly the internet, for the latest developments on COVID-19. Rural older adults had a higher level of knowledge about COVID-19 than those in urban areas; no difference was observed regarding their behavior to prevent themselves from being infected. The knowledge-behavior gap was viewed as a mechanism of cognitive avoidance because of overwhelming unprecedented information.Caring expression in nursing is rapidly changing to include the use of sophisticated healthcare technologies. Unfortunately, few nurses participate in developing healthcare technologies. The current study aimed to generate a theory of nursing grounded in the phenomenon of nursing technologies creativity in nursing practice. The study design used a constructivist grounded theory. Sixteen Indonesian nurses selected by purposive sampling were interviewed in-depth. Data analysis used constant comparative analysis through Charmaz's coding process. This study generated two core conceptual categories that included technological creativity and drivers for technological development. Five theoretical statements were developed leading to the Technological Creativity as Caring in Nursing Theory. IDO-IN-2 This theory is a middle-range theory that focuses on technological creativity to express caring for patients, nurses, and management in nursing practice.Cassava fields were prospected from two provinces of the Democratic Republic of Congo (Ituri and Haut Uélé) to evaluate the ampleness of Cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) infection. CBSD pressure was determined by assessing the incidence, severity, whitefly abundance and distribution of the disease viruses in the surveyed provinces. A duplex RT-PCR was performed for the simultaneous detection of Ugandan Cassava brown streak virus (UCBSV) and Cassava brown streak virus (CBSV) on 56 cassava leaves sampled in the study area. Our results show a high field CBSD incidence contrasted to a low severity in both provinces. CBSD severity was similar in both provinces (mean disease severity 2). High densities of whitefly were recorded in Ituri province (10 adult whiteflies plant-1) than in Haut Uélé where density was 5 adults plant-1. However, no relation has been found between whitefly density and CBSD incidence and severity on cassava leaf, root and stems. Molecular analysis showed the incidence of single infections of UCBSV was greater than single infections of CBSV and mixed infections of UCBSV and CBSV. Disease incidence was greater in Ituri than in Haut Uélé; molecular incidence was lower than field incidence. Our results raise the need for appropriate CBSD control strategies in DRC.Purpose Coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring with computed tomography (CT) has been proposed as a screening tool for coronary artery disease, but concerns remain regarding the radiation dose of CT CAC scoring. Photon counting detectors and iterative reconstruction (IR) are promising approaches for patient dose reduction, yet the preservation of CAC scores with IR has been questioned. The purpose of this study was to investigate the applicability of IR for quantification of CAC using a photon counting flat-detector. Approach We imaged a cardiac rod phantom with calcium hydroxyapatite (CaHA) inserts with different noise levels using an experimental photon counting flat-detector CT setup to simulate the clinical CAC scoring protocol. We applied filtered back projection (FBP) and two IR algorithms with different regularization strengths. We compared the air kerma values, image quality parameters [noise magnitude, noise power spectrum, modulation transfer function (MTF), and contrast-to-noise ratio], and CaHA quantification accuracy between FBP and IR.
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