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Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the patella is a very rare affliction. The aim of this case series is to evaluate the effectiveness of the Nanofractured Autologous Matrix-Induced Chondrogenesis (NAMIC) technique for the treatment of OCD in young adults.

Five consecutive patients with patellar osteochondral lesions treated with NAMIC were prospectively studied. There were 4 males and 1 female with a mean age of 15.2years, ranging from 12 to 18years. Clinically, they presented pain when going up and down stairs or squatting, effusion, swelling and functional limitation. Bozitinib The International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) grade was III in 4 patients and IV in 1 patient. Patients were functionally evaluated with the Lysholm knee score, the Tegner Activity Score (TAS) and the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and radiologically using the Magnetic resonance Observation of Cartilage Repair Tissue (MOCART) score.

All the scores significantly improved two years after surgery with respect to pre-operative values (Lysholm score from 63.8±3.9 before surgery to 91±3.2 at 2years; Tegner activity score from 3.6±0.5 to 8.2±0.8 and the KOOS score from 45.2±2.6 to 91.2±2.4). Both the X-rays and the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) showed good joint regularity with an average MOCART of 80±7.1/100.

Treatment of juvenile patellar osteochondritis dissecans with the NAMIC technique seems to be a reliable technique in the short term to restore the patella joint surface and obtain good functional results.
Treatment of juvenile patellar osteochondritis dissecans with the NAMIC technique seems to be a reliable technique in the short term to restore the patella joint surface and obtain good functional results.
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is one of the most common elective surgical procedures in the United States, with more than 650,000 performed annually. Computer navigation technology has recently been introduced to assist surgeons with planning, performing, and assessing TKA bone cuts. The aim of this study is to assess postoperative complication rates after TKA performed using computer navigation assistance versus conventional methods.

The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database was queried for unilateral TKA cases from 2008 to 2016. The presence of the CPT modifier for use of computer navigation was used to separate cases of computer-navigated TKA from conventional TKA. Multivariate and propensity-matched logistic regression analyses were performed to control for demographics and comorbidities.

There were 225,123 TKA cases included; 219,880 were conventional TKA (97.7%) and 5,243 were navigated (2.3%). Propensity matching identified 4,811 case pairs. Analysis demonstrated no significant differences in operative time, length of stay, reoperation, or readmission, and no differences in rates of post-op mortality at 30days postoperatively. Compared to conventional cases, navigated cases were at lower risk of serious medical morbidity (18% lower, p=0.009) within the first 30days postoperatively.

After controlling for multiple known risk factors, navigated TKA patients demonstrated lower risk for medical morbidity, predominantly driven by lower risk for blood transfusion. Given these findings, computer-navigation is a safe surgical technique in TKA.
After controlling for multiple known risk factors, navigated TKA patients demonstrated lower risk for medical morbidity, predominantly driven by lower risk for blood transfusion. Given these findings, computer-navigation is a safe surgical technique in TKA.
The study aimed to (1) investigate the variability of the femoral ACL center in ACL-ruptured patients, (2) identify whether the currently available over-the-top femoral ACL guides could allow for anatomical reconstruction of the native ACL footprint.

Magnetic resonance images of 95 knees with an ACL rupture were used to create three-dimensional models of the femur. The femoral ACL footprint area was outlined on each model, and the location of the femoral ACL center was reported using an anatomical coordinate system. The distance of the femoral ACL center from the over-the-top position was measured.

The femoral ACL center demonstrated a high intersubject variability ranging from 1.8mm (9%) to 12.3mm (60%) posterior and from 7.7mm (37%) distal to 4.8mm (23%) proximal using the posterior condyle circle reference. The average distance of the femoral ACL center from the over-the-top position was 1.9±1.5mm posterior and 13.8±2.7mm distal, respectively. The contemporary over-the-top femoral ACL aimers could restore the femoral ACL center in only 6.5% of the patients.

The femoral ACL center demonstrated a high variation on its location, which resulted in a high intersubject variability from the over-the-top position. The contemporary over-the-top femoral tunnel guides do not provide sufficient offset to allow for an anatomical ACL reconstruction. Anteromedial-portal specific femoral ACL guides with a femoral offset ranging from 10 to 18mm in the proximal/distal direction are required to restore the native ACL footprint.
The femoral ACL center demonstrated a high variation on its location, which resulted in a high intersubject variability from the over-the-top position. The contemporary over-the-top femoral tunnel guides do not provide sufficient offset to allow for an anatomical ACL reconstruction. Anteromedial-portal specific femoral ACL guides with a femoral offset ranging from 10 to 18 mm in the proximal/distal direction are required to restore the native ACL footprint.SOCS3 belongs to the suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) family, which function as negative factors in host immune responses. Prior studies have noted the importance of SOCS family proteins in immunosuppression induced by some viruses. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is one of the most important swine-borne viruses and has threatened the global swine industry with huge economic losses since it was first described in the 1980s. PRRSV is the etiological agent of PRRS, which causes reproductive failure and respiratory disorders. PRRSV causes immunosuppression thus establishing persistent infection. In this study, it was observed that SOCS3 was upregulated in PRRSV-infected primary porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) and Marc-145 cells with dose-dependent effects, which depends on virus replication. Deletion of AP-1 binding motif located in SOCS3 promoter inhibited promoter activities, which indicates that AP-1 is essential for PRRSV-induced SOCS3. This result was confirmed by experiments using AP-1 inhibitor, whose pretreatment suppressed SOCS3 mRNA and protein expression.
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