Notes

Molecular Characterization Based on Whole-Genome Sequencing regarding Streptococcus pneumoniae in kids Surviving in South west Tiongkok In the course of 2017-2019.
© 2020 The Authors. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition published by Blackwell Verlag GmbH.AIM To assess the aetiological factors of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and factors associated with disease progression. METHODS Single-centre retrospective study evaluating thorough electronic medical records of patients diagnosed with CKD at Peking University People's Hospital (April 2010-April 2015). The objectives were to identify the aetiological factors of CKD in Chinese patients and risk factors associated with CKD progression. RESULTS Of 15 425 CKD patients, 12 380 had aetiology recorded. The leading aetiologies associated with CKD were chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN; 36.8%), hypertensive nephropathy (HTN; 28.5%) and diabetic nephropathy (DN; 27.1%). CGN was most common in patients with early-stage disease (stages 1-2); DN and HTN were common in advanced stages (stages 3-4). In a longitudinal subcohort of 2923 patients with ≥6-month follow-up, 19.6% experienced CKD progression. Patients with CKD progression were significantly older in age and had a greater number of comorbidities and laboratory anomalies, and were more likely to have DN (40.5%) and CGN (40.5%) than HTN (5.5%) at baseline than patients without progression. In a multivariate analysis, factors associated with disease progression included macro- and microalbuminuria, anaemia, hyperkalaemia, hyperphosphataemia, metabolic acidosis, CKD stage 4, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). CONCLUSION This study identified CGN, DN and HTN as the leading aetiological factors for CKD in Chinese patients. DN was a strong predictor of faster disease progression, with albuminuria (a complication of T2DM) associated with highest risk for disease progression. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Nevus vascularis mixtus (NVM) or mixed vascular nevus is a type of mosaic allelic twin spots characterized by the presence of a cutaneous capillary malformation and angiospastic spots of nevus anemicus intermingled in the same area of the skin1,2 . NVM most often appears as an isolated, purely cutaneous trait. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Oxytocin neurones are involved in the regulation of energy balance through diverse central and peripheral actions and, in rats, they are potently activated by gavage of sweet substances. Here, we test the hypothesis that this activation is mediated by the central actions of insulin. We show that, in urethane-anaesthetised rats, oxytocin cells in the supraoptic nucleus show prolonged activation after i.v. injections of insulin, and that this response is greater in fasted rats than in non-fasted rats. Vasopressin cells are also activated, although less consistently. selleck chemicals We also show that this activation of oxytocin cells is independent of changes in plasma glucose concentration, and is completely blocked by central (i.c.v.) administration of an insulin receptor antagonist. Finally, we replicate the previously published finding that oxytocin cells are activated by gavage of sweetened condensed milk, and show that this response too is completely blocked by central administration of an insulin receptor antagonist. We conclude that the response of oxytocin cells to gavage of sweetened condensed milk is mediated by the central actions of insulin. 2020 The Authors. Journal of Neuroendocrinology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Society for Neuroendocrinology.One of the major factors limiting biomass productivity in algae is the low thermodynamic efficiency of photosynthesis. The greatest thermodynamic inefficiencies in photosynthesis occur during the conversion of light into chemical energy. At full sunlight the light-harvesting antenna captures photons at a rate nearly ten times faster than the rate-limiting step in photosynthetic electron transport. Excess captured energy is dissipated by non-productive pathways including the production of reactive oxygen species. Substantial improvements in photosynthetic efficiency have been achieved by reducing the optical cross-section of light-harvesting antenna by selectively reducing chlorophyll b levels and peripheral light harvesting complex subunits. Smaller light-harvesting antenna, however, may not exhibit optimal photosynthetic performance in low or fluctuating light environments. We describe a translational control system to dynamically adjust light harvesting antenna sizes for enhanced productivity. By expressing a chlorophyllide a oxygenase (CAO) gene having a 5' mRNA extension encoding a Nab1 translational repressor binding site in a Cao knockout line it was possible to alter chlorophyll b levels and correspondingly light harvesting antenna sizes as a function of growth light intensity. Nab1 activity is light activated in algae and reduces chlorophyll b production and antenna size in high light. Algae having light-regulated antenna sizes had substantially higher photosynthetic rates and two-fold greater biomass productivity than the parental wild-type strains as well as near wild-type ability to carry out state transitions and non-photochemical quenching of the excited state of chlorophyll a. These results have broad implications for enhanced algae and plant bioproduct and biomass productivity. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Both dermoscopy and in-vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) demonstrated high levels of diagnostic accuracy for basal cell carcinoma (BCC) diagnosis.1,2 Although specific dermoscopic criteria have been described, BCC may simulate other benign and malignant cutaneous tumors, with melanoma representing one of the most common differential diagnosis.3 RCM has been largely employed for both BCC diagnosis and management in in-vivo and ex-vivo settings.4 However, in few cases, RCM features could be misinterpreted especially by novices leading to delayed surgical excision. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Akaganeite (β-FeOOH) is a widely investigated candidate for photo(electro)catalysis such as water splitting. Nevertheless, the insightful understanding of surficial reaction between water and β-FeOOH, in particular hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), is still insufficient. In this work, we applied a set of first principle calculations on pristine β-FeOOH and halogen-substituted β-FeOOH, in order to evaluate the HER performance via the computational hydrogen electrode model. Our results show that HER on β-FeOOH tends to occur at Fe site on (010) surface, and palladium (Pd) and nickel (Ni) are found to serve as excellent co-catalysts to boost HER process due to the remarkably reduced free energy change of hydrogen adsorption when loaded on the surface of β-FeOOH, demonstrating great potential for efficient water splitting. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
Website: https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ly364947.html