Notes

Acute ST-segment top myocardial infarction extra in order to vaccine-induced resistant thrombosis using thrombocytopaenia (VITT).
Over the last decade, an arbovirus surveillance system based on the preservation of nucleic acids (RNA/DNA) has been developed using Flinders Technology Associates (FTAⓇ) cards. Soaked in honey, FTAⓇ cards are applied in the field to detect arboviruses expectorated during mosquito sugar feeding. This technique has been shown to be inexpensive and efficient, and the implementation of this system for detecting parasites could be of international importance. As Leishmania parasites are highly prevalent in developing countries, FTAⓇ cards may offer an alternative inexpensive tool to enhance field surveillance activities for leishmaniasis. The simple approach of applying the cards in programs can substitute the necessary extensive training of personnel. In our hands, Leishmania macropodum DNA was shown to be stable on FTAⓇ cards during a 10-week time course, supporting their suitability for projects where direct access to laboratories is unobtainable and samples require storage prior to processing. This method may benefit programs in remote areas where accessibility to laboratory facilities are limited and samples need to be stored long-term.•This study found that FTA cards could be a valuable tool in the surveillance of leishmaniasis.•The method is based on the long-term preservation and detection of Leishmania DNA expectorated during insect sugar feeding.•The application of FTA cards can preclude the need to screen large samples and analysis of insect populations to provide evidence of disease transmission.
Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a rare and idiopathic form of dilated cardiomyopathy presenting late in pregnancy or early postpartum. Since the 16-kDa fragment of prolactin has been identified as a key factor in the pathophysiology of PPCM, prolactin inhibitors have been used as an adjuvant to standard heart failure treatment. Although bromocriptine is the current first choice, promising results have been reported with cabergoline, albeit scant.

We presented the case of a 41-year-old woman who received a diagnosis of PPCM one week after delivery and was successfully treated with cabergoline, finally experiencing a complete recovery.

The case adds to the scant evidence supporting the use of cabergoline in PPCM patients. We argue that the favorable pharmacokinetic and metabolic profiles of this drug should prompt its consideration as a valid alternative prolactin inhibitor in these critical patients.
The case adds to the scant evidence supporting the use of cabergoline in PPCM patients. We argue that the favorable pharmacokinetic and metabolic profiles of this drug should prompt its consideration as a valid alternative prolactin inhibitor in these critical patients.
4-fluoroamphetamine (4-FA) is a novel psychoactive stimulant with a global presence on the drug market. Despite the popularity of 4-FA, data on severe adverse effects are scarce. We present a case of laboratory confirmed 4-FA mono intoxication causing acute heart failure due to a reverse type Takotsubo cardiomyopathy.

A 20-year-old male with no previous medical history and no reported previous drug use, presented to the emergency department (ED) with complaints of headache, nausea and vomiting, approximately 4.5 h after the ingestion of a single 4-FA pill. After 30 min his condition deteriorated with severe hypertension, tachycardia and respiratory failure. Echocardiography showed a reverse type Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. The patient was successfully treated with mechanical ventilation, a phosphodiesterase-3-inhibitor (PDE3-inhibitor) and diuretics. Three months after hospital admission, the patient was free of complaints and his left ventricular function fully recovered.

Recreational use of 4-FA may result in acute onset life-threatening cardiorespiratory toxicity, preceded by severe hypertension, even in drug-naïve patients without any medical history. Emergency physicians and cardiologists should be cautious not to underestimate life-threatening 4-FA complications.
Recreational use of 4-FA may result in acute onset life-threatening cardiorespiratory toxicity, preceded by severe hypertension, even in drug-naïve patients without any medical history. Emergency physicians and cardiologists should be cautious not to underestimate life-threatening 4-FA complications.The organophosphate pesticide fenitrothion is widely used as an agricultural pesticide to control tiger bug in larval rearing for aquaculture. The objectives of the present study were to assess the effects of fenitrothion on certain structural (phytoplankton, zooplankton, macro-invertebrates and periphyton) and functional (organic matter decomposition) endpoints of freshwater microcosms. Fenitrothion 50 EC was applied in 12 microcosms (PVC tanks having 400 L of dechlorinated tap water) providing concentrations of 0, 25, 50 and 100 μg/L at a 4-day interval over a period of 4 weeks. Each of the experimental treatment was executed in three replicates. The results indicated the consistent significant effects for most of the species composition of zooplankton and macro-invertebrates. Univariate analysis showed a significant decrease in abundance (p  less then  0.05) of all identified insects (i.e. Notonecta sp., Gerris sp., Ranatra linearis and Chironomid larvae), when compared to control in all sampling days throughout the treatment period (no observed effect concentration; NOEC = less then 25 μg/L). Inflammation inhibitor No consistent significant effects were observed for most of the phytoplankton taxa and organic matter decomposition and water quality variables (dissolved oxygen, free CO2, pH, nitrate etc.). However, several taxa of different endpoints were found sensitive to even the lowest concentration of fenitrothion (25 μg/L). Further studies with acute and chronic conditions are recommended involving more local species exposed to less then 25 μg/L of fenitrothion.
Difference in the clinical course and outcomes between simultaneous- and staged-bilateral medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomies (OWHTOs) over time was unknown. The study hypothesis was that patients who underwent simultaneous-bilateral OWHTO (SMBO) have a more rapid improvement in knee function than those who underwent staged-bilateral OWHTO (STBO) due to difference in the change of lower limb alignment between SMBO and STBO.

The records of 56 knees in 28 patients who underwent either SMBO (n=28) or STBO (n=28) were retrospectively analysed. The time course data of weight-bearing line percentage (%WBL), joint line convergence angle (JLCA), and Knee Society Score were compared between the two procedures.

Hospitalisation for SMBO was longer than that for STBO by 1 week. No significant difference was observed in %WBL between the two procedures. The JLCA was significantly lower with SMBO than with the first-stage surgery of STBO (P<0.05), but it became equivalent in both groups at the last follow-up.
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