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039 (90% CI 0.035-0.042), and standardized root mean residual (SRMR) = 0.054. As the sum score of PSSS was significantly higher in female, cut-off values were determined as 11 in females and 10 in males respectively. CONCLUSIONS The PSSS is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring psychosomatic symptoms. As one of the most common neurological disorders, epilepsy can occur throughout the lifespan and from a multiplicity of causes, including genetic mutations, inflammation, neurotrauma, or brain malformations. Although pharmacological agents are the mainstay of treatment for seizure control, an unyielding 30-40% of patients remain refractory to these medications and continue to experience spontaneous recurrent seizures with attendant life-long cognitive, behavioural, and mental health issues, as well as an increased risk for sudden unexpected death. Despite over eight decades of antiseizure drug (ASD) discovery and the approval of dozens of new medications, the percentage of this refractory population remains virtually unchanged, suggesting that drugs with new and unexpected mechanisms of action are needed. In this brief review, we discuss the need for new animal models of epilepsy, with a particular focus on the advantages and disadvantages of zebrafish. We also outline the evidence that epilepsy is characterized by derangements in mitochondrial function and introduce the rationale and promise of bioenergetics as a functional readout assay to uncover novel ASDs. We also consider limitations of a zebrafish metabolism-based drug screening approach. Our goal is to discuss the opportunities and challenges of further development of mitochondrial screening strategies for the development of novel ASDs. This article is part of the special issue entitled 'New Epilepsy Therapies for the 21st Century - From Antiseizure Drugs to Prevention, Modification and Cure of Epilepsy'. Crown All rights reserved.BACKGROUND The relationships between a school's creative climate, students' creative personality, and students' creative thinking have not been explored in the context of nursing students in healthcare schools in Taiwan. check details DESIGN This cross-sectional descriptive study examined how both school creative climate and creative personality interact with the creative thinking abilities of nursing students in Taiwan, and whether the students' personality moderates the relationship between the other two variables. METHODS Seventy-four nursing faculties provided subjective assessments of the environment of a healthcare school in Taiwan, as measures of school creative climate. Two hundred forty-five nursing students completed Verbal and Figural Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking (TTCT-V and TTCT-F, respectively) as measures of creative thinking; the Taiwanese Creative Personality Scale (TCPS) measured their creative personality. RESULTS Nursing students' total mean scores on the TTCT-V and TTCT-F were 24.41 and 44.50, re(b = -0.55, p less then 0.01). CONCLUSION Our study fills a gap in the literature regarding the interactions between a school's creative environment and personality factors that foster students' creativity. Validated by empirical data, this study's proposed moderation model of creative personality can be used as a guide for influencing nursing students' creativity. Cultivating students' creative personality and developing sufficiently resourced school creative climates may be key to implementing successful creative education in health care schools. With the aim to investigate the mechanisms of action of nano plastics (nano PS) on plants, seeds of Allium cepa were germinated for 72 h in the presence of polystyrene nano PS (50 nm size, at concentrations of 0.01, 0.1 and 1 g L-1) and, subsequently, roots were analysed by a multifaceted approach. No effect was induced by any concentration of nano PS on the percentage of seed germination while root growth was inhibited by 0.1 and 1 g L-1 nano PS. Cytological analysis of the root meristems indicated cytotoxicity (reduction of mitotic index) and genotoxicity (induction of cytogenetic anomalies and micronuclei) starting from the lowest dose. Moreover, the biochemical and histochemical analysis of oxidative stress markers gave evidence of stress induction, especially at the highest doses. Damages reported could be due to mechanical surface contact in root external layers, as evidenced by histological localization, and to the internalization of nano PS in different cellular compartments, observed under TEM. The present research underlines the hazardous nature of nano PS, that for their ability to be internalized into crop plants, can enter into different trophic levels of the food chain. Plants in soil faces great fluctuations of external mineral nutrient availability, and they have developed sophisticated nutrient sensing systems to regulate their physiological responses to prevent nutrient deficiency. However, complete knowledge of the regulatory system is required to maximize inorganic nitrogen (N) uptake and utilization. In this study, we report a partner protein for high-affinity nitrate transport, OsNAR2.2. OsNAR2.2 was involved in the root growth in a nitrate-dependent manner in rice, and this process was closely associated with auxin. Expression analysis showed that OsNAR2.2 responded to nitrate and various plant hormone signals. Knockdown of OsNAR2.2 by T-DNA insertion not only significantly repressed the primary root elongation, but also severely reduced the number of lateral root and adventitious root. Further research indicated that the size of meristematic zone and epidermal cell length of mature zone in the primary root tip were remarkably reduced, and the formation of lateral root primordial was constrained in osnar2.2 mutant. Interestingly, the repression of root growth in osnar2.2 mutant was observed when NO3- but not NH4+ was used as N source in the medium. The NO3- content in osnar2.2 root was significantly reduced under NO3- conditions, in comparison with that of wild type. Meanwhile, the free IAA accumulation as well as the expression of auxin biosynthesis and transport genes was altered in osnar2.2 root, suggesting there might be a crosslink between the nitrate and auxin signaling. Together, OsNAR2.2 plays a vital role in rice root growth and development in a nitrate-dependent manner, which might be associated with auxin signaling.
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