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ain and also the need for analgesics. Therefore, the use of aromatherapy with chamomile oil as a simple way without any side effects for the reduction of pain in mothers after cesarean section is recommended. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at [email protected] Mastocytosis (SM) is a disorder of excessive mast cell infiltration in multiple organ tissues. Atherosclerosis is a major risk factor for developing acute coronary syndrome [1]. In addition to lipid accumulation in the arterial wall, inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of plaque rupture and activating the thrombosis cascade [2]. The Mast cells contribution to plaque destabilization has been well established in multiple animal and human studies [3]. In a recent study, SM has been proven to be associated with a higher incidence of acute coronary syndrome even with lower plasma lipids level [4]. The study showed that 20% of patients with SM had cardiovascular events compared to only 6% in the control group with adjustment to all cardiac risk factors. Here, we present a case of acute myocardial infarction in a patient with SM with limited risk factors other than age. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at [email protected] with polyangiitis (GPA) is a rare and systemic autoimmune disease, causing necrotizing vasculitis of small arteries and veins. The majority of diagnosed patients with GPA have circulating antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) directed against proteinase 3 (PR3). Here, we have reviewed the last findings and uncertainties regarding treatments of GPA. Between the available treatments in addition to corticosteroids, cyclophosphamide (CYP) is effective for remission-induction, while it is associated with some serious side effects, such as infertility and increased risk of malignancies. On the other side, rituximab (RTX) seems a safer alternative option and as effective as CYP. It could be used as both remission-induction and maintenance therapy in GPA patients, especially in women of childbearing age. Pregnant patients, who must not be exposed to the CYP and RTX could be well-managed with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg). Co-trimoxazole, which is widely used to treat certain bacterial infections or as prophylaxis in immunosuppressed patients could be effective in preventing disease relapse. In the meantime, 15-deoxyspergualin, plasma exchange are other therapeutic options with a low level of evidence. click here Regarding potential treatments, ofatumumab, ocrelizumab, belimumab, atacicept, tabalumab, abatacept (CTLA4-Ig), and Janus kinase inhibitors seem to be effective. Renal involvement, older age, the presence of baseline organ damage, delayed-diagnosis of disease, rising in creatinine level, and higher neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio is associated with poor outcomes. Optimum doses of medications, prediction of treatment response and disease relapse, explaining lack of response in some patients, treating children with GPA, and management of GPA during the pregnancy are controversial issues, which need further studies. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at [email protected] Best practices for pediatric clinical outcomes assessment (COA) development rely on guidelines that have been developed for adult populations. While some useful resources are available to support pediatric COA development, this information has primarily come from within the measurement development field. No research has explored the experiences of professionals from other disciplines who interact with children on a routine basis. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The goal of this research was to explore the experiences of professionals from outside of the measurement science field, that work closely with children every day, in settings relevant to the context of concept elicitation and cognitive debriefing interviews for pediatric COA development. The objectives were to 1) learn new ways to engage children in conversations regarding their health state; 2) understand how methods used in other disciplines can be used to improve the amount and quality of data emerging from pediatric qualitative interviews; and 3) gnt for cognitive debriefing interviews. In addition, experts provided input that may improve the debriefing procedure, such as having the child read the text aloud in small increments, re-read text, and highlight text that they do not understand. Best practice tips from the experts were consolidated into a set of references for use by those conducting pediatric COA development research. CONCLUSIONS Incorporating interdisciplinary perspectives into pediatric COA development may improve both the methods used to elicit information from children and the quality of the resulting questionnaires. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at [email protected] Breast cancer is more probable cancer among women. However, the available treatment such as radiation therapy, surgical, hormonal therapy, and chemotherapy are based on stages of breast cancer. Each treatment has its limitations. The available chemotherapeutics associated with problems like low solubility, low permeability, high firstpass metabolism, and P-glycoprotein efflux. Hence mentioned limitation causes an ineffective treatment, and also multiple chemotherapeutics cause an increase in resistance of tumors. So the purpose is to develop an effective therapy for the treatment of breast cancer by a nanomedicinal approach. METHODS This review is conducted by a systematic search strategy and based on relevant literature available in Pub Med, MedlinePlus, Google Scholar, and Sciencedirect up to November 2019 using keywords present in abstract and title of the review. As per our inclusion and exclusion criteria, 226 articles were selected. Among 226, a total of 40 articles were selected for this review. RESULTS The significant findings drawback of currently available treatment is to deliver a drug to target specifics site, the resulting output into toxic effect to both cancerous cells as well as normal cells. The overall result due to such problems makes them low bioavailable at the specific site of absorption. To overcome this required high dose, which again causes side effects and low benefits. Nanomedicinal approaches give an alternative approach to avoid the associated problems of available chemotherapeutics treatment of breast cancer. CONCLUSION The nanomedicinal approaches are useful over the conventional treatment of breast cancer and deliver a target-specific drug-using different novel drug delivery approach of nanoformulation. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at [email protected].
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