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First noted eruption involving Nabro volcano, Eritrea, The new year.
The auditory localisation of the hearing impaired children was reduced by 3°-4° for frontal and 5°-11° for lateral positions compared to normal-hearing children. There was no age-relation. Conclusions In our experimental setting, BTE hearing aids could not compensate the impaired auditory localisation ability of children with sensorineural hearing loss.Objectives The present study aimed to investigate the effect of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) complex and the type of flowable composite (conventional or self-adhesive bioactive) on the fracture resistance of fractured incisors restored through reattachment technique. Materials and methods In this experimental in vitro study, 60 extracted bovine central mandibular incisors were randomly divided into six groups (n = 10) according to the reattachment technique. Their incisal edges were cut off to represent an enamel-dentin fracture. The fragment edges were reattached as follows Group 1-selective etching and bonding followed by conventional flowable composite; Group 2-selective etching and bonding followed by bioactive flowable composite; Group 3 was like Group 2 but without applying bonding; Groups 4, 5, and 6 were similar to Groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively, but both tooth fragments were pretreated with CPP-ACP-containing paste for 3 minutes. Fracture resistance was assessed by a universal testing machine. Statistical analysis Data were analyzed by SPSS-Statistical Package for the Social Sciences-software using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey post-hoc tests (α= 0.05). Results The highest and lowest fracture resistance was recorded in Groups 5 (15.96 MPa) and Group 6 (1.95 MPa), respectively, being significantly different from the other groups. The mean fracture resistance of Groups 3 and 6 was significantly lower than the other groups (p less then 0.05). However, Groups 1, 2, and 4 showed no difference in fracture resistance. Conclusion Bioactive composite was not superior to conventional composite for fragment reattachment, but using it in self-adhesive mode reduced the fracture strength significantly. Yet, pretreatment with CPP-ACP, followed by application of adhesive, improved the fracture resistance of bioactive composite.Objectives The aim of this study was to compare the effects of two margin designs (shoulderless and slight chamfer) with two occlusal thicknesses on fracture resistance and failure mode of the monolithic zirconia crowns. Materials and methods Forty nickel-chromium dies were duplicated from the previous two prepared teeth using a three-dimensional optical scanner. Nickel-chromium supporting dies were divided into two main groups (n = 20) according to the type of margin design group A, slight chamfer margin design and group B, shoulderless margin design. These groups were further divided into two subgroups according to the occlusal thicknesses (0.5 and 1 mm). The digital imaging of each die was done using a three-dimensional optical scanner, then zirconia blocks were milled by 5-axis machine. The crowns were cleaned by alcohol, air dried, and cemented by resin cement. Next, the crowns were subjected to 500 hot and cold cycles (30 seconds for each cycle). The samples were subjected to a static load until failureer design in all thicknesses. Although the restoration with reduced occlusal thickness has lower fracture resistance than 1 mm occlusal thickness, the 0.5 mm restorations still can tolerate occlusal forces.Background Surface disinfection is one of the elementary measures of infection prevention in healthcare facilities. However, the current widely used tissue dispenser systems can be microbially contaminated as a result of various causes and play a decisive role in the spread of pathogens. For this reason, these systems must be considered both as a source of infection in routine surveillance and as part of nosocomial outbreaks. Methods Tissue dispenser systems used at the University Hospital Leipzig (UKL) were extensively analyzed between 2016 and 2018 in accordance with the recommendations of the German Association for Applied Hygiene (VAH). Within this period, 1096 disinfectant solutions from dispenser systems were tested. Areas without or with infection risk were represented with equal distribution. To exclude the possibility of contamination by dosing units (DU), the microbial-hygienic tests were extended to the 135 decentralized DU at the UKL. selleck kinase inhibitor Results Overall, a decline in contaminated disinfectant solutions was recorded over the study period (31% in 2016, 18% in 2017 and 8% in 2018). However, in 2017 as well as in 2018, more contaminants were recorded in high-risk areas. Specific follow-up examinations after training in handling and preparation of the systems resulted in a decrease of contaminated disinfection solutions at hospitals. The dominant microbial contamination was with Achromobacter spp. (81%), followed by Pseudomonas spp. (10%), vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) (4%) and apathogenic environmental microorganisms (5%). The solutions taken from the dosing units (n=135) did not show any growth (91.1%). Bacillus spp. were detected in 8.2% and molds in 0.7% of solutions. Conclusion Contaminated dosing units as well as drinking water used for this purpose could be excluded as source of the pathogens detected in tissue dispenser systems. It is assumed that a lack of knowledge and a false sense of security led to incorrect handling of tissue dispenser systems when dealing with disinfectants.As more patients undergo total knee arthroplasty (TKA) each year, and the average age of patients gets younger, the patients are generally more active requiring a greater physiological demand and increasing range of motion on the prosthesis than the previous patients. However, there is no consensus on the optimal TKA tibial bearing design. We performed this systematic review to compare the clinical differences between mobile and fixed bearing constructs used in contemporary TKA. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases, identifying 515 total publications, including 17 randomized controlled trials (RCTs). A meta-analysis was performed, while the quality and bias of the evidence were rated according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation (GRADE) guidelines and the Cochrane Database questionnaire. The meta-analysis was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Seventeen studies were included, with a total of 1505 knees receiving a mobile bearing TKA and 1550 knees receiving a fixed bearing TKA.
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