Notes

Factors linked to subconscious distress amongst Myanmar people in the course of COVID-19 pandemic downturn.
In addition, in unadjusted analysis, higher education was positively associated with meeting 5-7 ICH metrics.

The proportion of meeting 5-7 ICH metrics was high in Malawian adults. Both high-risk and population-wide intervention programmes targeting older adults and urban residents should be implemented in aiding to improve cardiovascular health in Malawi.

The proportion of meeting 5-7 ideal cardiovascular health (ICH) metrics was 71.5% in Malawian adults (18-69 years, median age 32 years).In a sub-group analysis (45-69 years, median age 55 years), 55.9% had 5-7 ideal ICH metrics.ICH was lower with increasing age and among urban residents.
The proportion of meeting 5-7 ideal cardiovascular health (ICH) metrics was 71.5% in Malawian adults (18-69 years, median age 32 years).In a sub-group analysis (45-69 years, median age 55 years), 55.9% had 5-7 ideal ICH metrics.ICH was lower with increasing age and among urban residents.Recent advances in the diagnosis and management of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) have led to a significant improvement in the outcomes for patients with PAH. selleck chemicals However, prompt and accurate diagnosis of PAH remains an unmet challenge due to lack of awareness and lack of meticulous data to profile the etiology and pathophysiology of this rare progressive disease, especially in low- and middle-income country. In Indonesia, the true prevalence and incidence of different subtypes of PAH in general population is still unknown. The Congenital HeARt Disease in adult and Pulmonary Hypertension (COHARD-PH) registry was the first single-center prospective registry in Indonesia, which indicated that almost 80% of adult patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) had experienced PAH and even Eisenmenger syndrome due to delayed diagnosis. Screening for early detection of asymptomatic CHD in children is yet to be systematically established in Indonesia, leading to undiagnosed and uncorrected CHD in adulthood. There ailities have resulted in sub-optimal management of PAH patients in Indonesia.Adherence to international guidelines is an important aspect of PAH management in Indonesia. Updated disease and functional classifications of PAH as per international guidelines along with new research findings on prognostic factors can help in making better management decisions for PAH patients at different stages of the disease.
The emergence of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has presented an unprecedented global challenge for the healthcare community. The ability of SARS-CoV-2 to get transmitted during the asymptomatic phase, and its high infectivity have led to the rapid transmission of COVID-19 beyond geographic regions facilitated by international travel, leading to a pandemic. To guide effective control and interventions, primary data is required urgently, globally, including from low- and middle-income countries where documentation of cardiovascular manifestations and risk factors in people hospitalized with COVID-19 is limited.

This study aims to describe the cardiovascular manifestations and cardiovascular risk factors in patients hospitalized with COVID-19.

We propose to conduct an observational cohort study involving 5000 patients recruited from hospitals in low-, middle- and high-income countries. Eligible adult COVID-19 patients e income countries from where the data remain scant.Adolescents at secondary schools are susceptible to engaging in risky sexual behavior (RSB) due to their teenage stage and the new environment they face. Limited researches in district towns have evaluated the RSB among adolescents with various findings. This study aimed to assess the RSB and associated factors among sexually experienced secondary school students. School-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Guduru district from March 4-8, 2019. A total of 1236 secondary school students were undergoing a survey. The data were collected using a pretested anonymously self-administered questionnaire and students who reported having ever had sex were evaluated for RSB. From all participants, 352 (29.8%) had ever started sexual intercourse from which 240 (68.2%) students were involved in RSB. During the multivariable logistic regression analysis, sex (AOR 3.73; 95%CI [1.71-8.14]), father educational level (AOR 0.37; 95%CI [0.16-0.84]), drinking alcohol (AOR 2.76; 95%CI [1.29-5.69]), perceived peer pressure (AOR 4.22; 95%CI [1.59, 11.24]), communication with parents (AOR 9.58, 95%CI [3.53, 25.94]), and perceived parental monitoring (AOR 0.33; 95%CI [0.14-79]) were significantly associated with RSB. This study outlined that the majority of sexually active adolescents are involved in RSB. Interventions at the health facility and school level should focus on the identified determinants of sexual behaviors among adolescents to minimize the risky consequences.Based on the results of randomized control trials, screening for lung cancer using computed tomography (CT) is now widely recommended. However, adherence to screening remains an issue outside the clinical trial setting. This study examines the utility of biomarker-based risk assessment on uptake and subsequent adherence in a community screening study. In a single arm pilot study, current or former smokers > 50 years old with 20 + pack year history were recruited following local advertising. One hundred and fifty seven participants volunteered to participate in the study that offered an optional gene-based lung cancer risk assessment followed by low-dose CT according to a standardised screening protocol. All 157 volunteers who attended visit 1 underwent the gene-based risk assessment comprising of a clinical questionnaire and buccal swab. Of this group, 154 subsequently attended for CT screening (98%) and were followed prospectively for a median of 2.7 years. A participant's adherence to screening was influenced by their baseline lung cancer risk category, with overall adherence in those with a positive scan being significantly greater in the "very high" risk group compared to "moderate" and "high" risk categories (71% vs 52%, Odds ratio = 2.27, 95% confidence interval of 1.02-5.05, P = 0.047). Those in the "moderate" risk group were not different to those in the "high" risk group (52% and 52%, P > 0.05). In this proof-of-concept study, personalised gene-based lung cancer risk assessment was well accepted, associated with a 98% uptake for screening and increased adherence for those in the highest risk group.
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