Notes

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Tensiomyography (TMG) and myotonometry (MMT) are two novel technologies that measure neuromuscular properties. These two devices measure the stiffness of the soft tissue as well as other variables. The aim of this study is to analyze if there is any correlation between maximal radial displacement (Dm) and Stiffness in the medial and lateral gastrocnemius muscles.

An observational study was carried out in both of the limbs of 154 young adults (n=154). The TMG and MMT neuromuscular response was measured in gastrocnemius medial and lateral muscles. Correlation coefficients were calculated to observe if there were any relationships between Dm and Stiffness. Differences between the dominant and the non-dominant sides and gender were assessed.

Negative correlations between Dm versus Stiffness were found for the lateral (r=-0.278 and rho=-0.248) and medial gastrocnemius (r=-0.207 and rho=-0.163) in both dominant and non-dominant limbs respectively.

A weak correlation between Dm and Stiffness may indicate that they assess different aspects of neuromuscular function. selleck chemicals The MMT and TMG are independent tools, and their values cannot be extrapolated when assessing muscular stiffness. There might be some other factors that influence in this relationship; therefore, more studies are needed in order to better understand the correlation.
A weak correlation between Dm and Stiffness may indicate that they assess different aspects of neuromuscular function. The MMT and TMG are independent tools, and their values cannot be extrapolated when assessing muscular stiffness. There might be some other factors that influence in this relationship; therefore, more studies are needed in order to better understand the correlation.Digital tomosynthesis (DTS) has been proposed as a fast low-dose imaging technique for image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT). However, due to the limited scanning angle, DTS reconstructed by the conventional FDK method suffers from significant distortions and poor plane-to-plane resolutions without full volumetric information, which severely limits its capability for image guidance. Although existing deep learning-based methods showed feasibilities in restoring volumetric information in DTS, they ignored the inter-patient variabilities by training the model using group patients. Consequently, the restored images still suffered from blurred and inaccurate edges. In this study, we presented a DTS enhancement method based on a patient-specific deep learning model to recover the volumetric information in DTS images. The main idea is to use the patient-specific prior knowledge to train the model to learn the patient-specific correlation between DTS and the ground truth volumetric images. To validate the performance of the proposed method, we enrolled both simulated and real on-board projections from lung cancer patient data. Results demonstrated the benefits of the proposed method (1) qualitatively, DTS enhanced by the proposed method shows CT-like high image quality with accurate and clear edges; (2) quantitatively, the enhanced DTS has low-intensity errors and high structural similarity with respect to the ground truth CT images; (3) in the tumor localization study, compared to the ground truth CT-CBCT registration, the enhanced DTS shows 3D localization errors of ≤0.7 mm and ≤1.6 mm for studies using simulated and real projections, respectively; and (4), the DTS enhancement is nearly real-time. Overall, the proposed method is effective and efficient in enhancing DTS to make it a valuable tool for IGRT applications.Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images acquired during volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT; ii-CBCT) can be used to calculate actual delivered doses (ADDs). However, such ii-CBCT images are degraded by scattered megavoltage x-rays (MV-scatters). We aimed to evaluate the dose calculation accuracy of the MV-scatter uncorrected or corrected ii-CBCT images acquired during VMAT deliveries. For MV-scatter correction on concurrent kilovoltage projections (P MVkV), projections consisting only of MV-scatters (P MVS) were acquired under the same MV beam parameters and gantry angles and subtracted from P MVkV (P MVScorr). In addition, the projections by kilovoltage beams were acquired for reference (P kV). The corresponding CBCT images were reconstructed using the Feldkamp-Davis-Kress algorithm (CBCTMVkV, CBCTMVScorr, and CBCTkV as reference). A multi-energy phantom with rods of various relative electron densities (REDs) was used to generate a CBCT-number-to-RED conversion table. First, CBCTkV was reconstructed.RA to the rate on CBCTkV were 70.4, 99.5, and 98.2%, respectively. CBCTMVScorr were comparable with CBCTkV for calculating the ADD from VMAT.Patients with active implants such as deep brain stimulation (DBS) devices have limited access to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) due to risks associated with RF heating of implants in MRI environment. With an aging population and increased prevalence of neurodegenerative disease, the indication for MRI exams in patients with such implants increases as well. In response to this growing need, many groups have investigated strategies to mitigate RF heating of DBS implants during MRI. These efforts fall into two main categories MRI field-shaping methods, where the electric field of the MRI RF coil is modified to reduce the interaction with implanted leads, and lead management techniques where surgical modifications in the trajectory reduces the coupling with RF fields. Studies that characterize these techniques, however, have relied either on simulations with homogenous body models, or experiments with box-shaped single-material phantoms. It is well established, however, that the shape and heterogeneity of human body affects the distribution of RF electric fields, which by proxy, alters the heating of an implant inside the body. In this contribution, we applied numerical simulations and phantom experiments to examine the degree to which variations in patient's body composition affects RF power deposition. We then assessed effectiveness of RF-heating mitigation strategies under variant patient body compositions. Our results demonstrated that patient's body composition substantially alters RF power deposition in the tissue around implanted leads. However, both techniques based on MRI field-shaping and DBS lead management performed well under variant body types.Pencil beam scanned (PBS) proton therapy of lung tumours is hampered by respiratory motion and the motion-induced density changes along the beam path. In this simulation study, we aim to investigate the effectiveness of proton beam tracking for lung tumours both under ideal conditions and in conjunction with a respiratory motion model guided by real-time ultrasound imaging of the liver. Multiple-breathing-cycle 4DMRIs of the thorax and abdominal 2D ultrasound images were acquired simultaneously for five volunteers. Deformation vector fields extracted from the 4DMRI, referred to as ground truth motion, were used to generate 4DCT(MRI) data sets of two lung cancer patients, resulting in 10 data sets with variable motion patterns. Given the 4DCT(MRI) and the corresponding ultrasound images as surrogate data, a patient-specific motion model was built. The model consists of an autoregressive model and Gaussian process regression for the temporal and spatial prediction, respectively. Two-field PBS plans were optimisith other techniques such as rescanning.
Rounded shoulder posture is a common problem in the athletic population. Recently Kinesio tape has been utilized to improve balance, proprioception, and posture. However, the literature has been unable to provide definitive answers on the efficacy of Kinesio tape use.

To determine the immediate effect of the limb rotational Kinesio tape application on the dynamic balance and proprioception of the shoulder measured by the Y-Balance Upper Quarter Test (YBT-UQ) in male collegiate athletes.

Cross-sectional.

Sports medicine research laboratory.

Nineteen healthy male collegiate National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics athletes (including rodeo, baseball, football, and soccer) with a mean age of 19.8 (1.4)years.

Subjects were randomized into Kinesio tape and non-Kinesio tape groups. The limb rotational Kinesio tape application was applied to the Kinesio tape group, while the non-Kinesio tape group received no intervention. Each group performed the YBT-UQ, which requires reaching in 3 directions hain function in male collegiate athletes with rounded shoulder posture cannot be supported.
Limited dorsiflexion (DF) range of motion (ROM) is commonly observed in both the athletic and general populations and is a predisposing factor for lower extremity injury. Graston Technique® (GT) is a form of instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization (IASTM), used commonly to increase ROM. Evidence of the long-term effects of GT on ROM is lacking, particularly comparing the full GT protocol versus IASTM alone.

To evaluate the effectiveness of 6 sessions of the GT or IASTM compared with a control (CON) group for increasing closed-chain DF ROM.

Cohort design with randomization.

Athletic training clinic.

A total of 23 physically active participants (37 limbs) with <34° of DF. Participants' limbs were randomly allocated to the GT, IASTM, or CON group.

Participants' closed-chain DF ROM (standing and kneeling) were assessed at baseline and 24-48 hours following their sixth treatment. Participants in the CON group were measured at baseline and 3 weeks later. The intervention groups received 6 treatmntervention for clinicians to consider when treating patients with DF deficits.
Chronic low-back pain (CLBP) may be associated with changes in postural balance in athletes as poor postural control during sports practice.

To compare the postural control of athletes with and without CLBP during 2 one-legged stance tasks and identify the center of pressure (COP) cutoff values to determine the main differences. Designed A cross-sectional study.

Laboratory of functional evaluation and human motor performance.

A total of 56 male athletes, 28 with and 28 without CLBP (mean age = 26y).

The one-legged stance with knee extension and with the knee at 30° flexion tasks were measured and analyzed on a force platform. The participants completed three 30-second trials (30s of rest between each trial).

The COP parameters the area of COP, mean COP sway velocity in both the anteroposterior and mediolateral directions, and total COP displacement were computed, and a receiver operating characteristics curve analysis was applied to determine the group differences.

Athletes with CLBP had poorer postural control (P < .01) in both tasks. The 30° knee flexion reported more postural instability than the knee extension for all COP parameters (a large effect size d = 0.80).The knee extension cutoffs identified were >7.1 cm2 for the COP area, >2.6 cm/s for the COP sway velocity in the anterior-posterior direction, and >3.2 cm/s for the mediolateral direction. Whereas, the 30° knee flexion cutoffs were >10.9 cm2 for the COP area, >2.9 cm/s for the COP sway velocity in the anterior-posterior direction, and >4.1 cm/s for the mediolateral direction. Both measures showed enough sensitivity and specificity (ie,area under the curve = 0.88 in and 0.80, respectively) to discriminate both groups.

The athletes with CLBP had poorer postural control than the healthy athletes and obtained specific cutoff scores from the COP values.
The athletes with CLBP had poorer postural control than the healthy athletes and obtained specific cutoff scores from the COP values.
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