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Gabapentin within Head ache Disorders: Exactly what is the Evidence?
Sperm quality is an important factor in assisted reproductive technology (ART) that affects the success rate of infertile couples treatment.
incubation of sperm can influence its parameters and DNA integrity. The present study focused on the effect of different incubation temperatures sperm parameters on asthenoteratozoospermia semen prepared with density gradient centrifugation at different times.

Twenty-seven samples were collected and prepared. Then, the suspension was divided into two parts. One part was incubated at room temperature (RT), and another was incubated at 37°
. Immediately and after 2
(2H) and 4
(4H), spermatozoa were evaluated regarding motility, viability, morphology, sperm protamine deficiency, chromatin and DNA fragmentation. Statistical analysis was performed using paired t-test and repeated measures. The p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Our results showed that following 2 and 4
of incubation at RT, sperm progressive motility and viability decreased significantly. Sperm DNA fragmentation increased significantly following 2 and 4
of incubation at RT and 37°
. The Trend analysis confirmed that there were no significant differences between sperm parameters and DNA fragmentation after different times at RT and 37°
.

Incubation of sperm at RT in comparison to 37°
didn't preserve sperm parameters and DNA efficiently. Therefore, IVF, ICSI and IUI procedure should be performed in the soonest possible time after sperm preparation.
Incubation of sperm at RT in comparison to 37°C didn't preserve sperm parameters and DNA efficiently. Therefore, IVF, ICSI and IUI procedure should be performed in the soonest possible time after sperm preparation.
World Health Organization estimates that 60-80 million couple worldwide currently suffer from infertility. Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is also another major concern. selleck chemicals llc Chromosomal rearrangements play a crucial role in primary and secondary infertility and RPL. Underlying genetic abnormalities like chromosomal abnormalities contribute to 5-10% of the reproductive failures. The aim of the study was to evaluate the chromosomal abnormalities in infertility and RPL cases to help obstetrician/fertility experts to carry out risk assessment and provide appropriate assisted reproductive techniques for better management of the problem.

Karyotyping was performed for 414 cases with the history of infertility and RPL over a period of one year. Samples were processed according to procedures of AGT cytogenetic laboratory manual.

Chromosomal abnormalities were observed in 15% of cases. Robertsonian translocation, reciprocal translocation, inversion, derivatives, marker chromosomes, mosaics, aneuploidy and polymorphic variants each contributed 2%, 3%, 3%, 13%, 2%, 10%, 6% and 61%, respectively.

Evaluation of chromosomal abnormalities in couple is warranted prior to planning pregnancy especially for assisted reproductive management cases. Chromosomal analysis can be used as one of the diagnostic tools by OBG/IVF specialists in association with geneticist/genetic counselor for proper reproductive counseling and management.
Evaluation of chromosomal abnormalities in couple is warranted prior to planning pregnancy especially for assisted reproductive management cases. Chromosomal analysis can be used as one of the diagnostic tools by OBG/IVF specialists in association with geneticist/genetic counselor for proper reproductive counseling and management.
It is demonstrated that optimal preincubation time improves oocyte quality, fertilization potential and developmental rate. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of preincubation time in the simple and myo-inositol supplemented medium on the oocyte quality regarding oxidative stress and mitochondrial alteration.

Cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) retrieved from superovulated NMRI mice were divided in groups of 0, 4 and 8
preincubation time in the simple and 20
myo-inositol supplemented media. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (H
O
), glutathione (GSH), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), ATP content, and mitochondrial amount were measured and analyzed in experimental groups. One-way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis were respectively used for parametric and nonparametric variables. Statistical significance was defined as p<0.05.

In comparison to control group, variables including ROS, GSH, mitochondrial amount, fertilization and developmental rates were significantly changed after 4
of preincubation in the simple medium, while MMP decreased following 8
of preincubation in the simple medium (p˂0.001). Preincubation of oocytes up to 8
in the simple medium could not decrease ATP content. For both 4 and 8
preincubation times, myo-inositole could decrease H
O
and increase GSH and MMP levels and consequently could improve fertilization rate compared to oocytes preincubated in the simple culture.

It seems that 4
or more preincubation time can decrease the oocyte quality and lead to reduced oocyte fertilization and developmental potential. Howevere, myo-inositol may prevent oocyte quality reduction and improve fertilization potential in comparision to the equivalent simple groups.
It seems that 4 hr or more preincubation time can decrease the oocyte quality and lead to reduced oocyte fertilization and developmental potential. Howevere, myo-inositol may prevent oocyte quality reduction and improve fertilization potential in comparision to the equivalent simple groups.
Linn. is reported to be used by women of Assam and Arunachal Pradesh in northeast India for treating menstrual disorders.
contains compounds that bind with estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ) evidenced by increased PCNA in endometrial epithelium.

Crude extract was orally administered at the dose of 500
body weight/day to the female mice (60-70 days old) in five different groups. Each group containing six females included (I) cyclic control, (II) cyclic extract treated, (III) Ovariectomized (OVX)-vehicle treated (Control), (IV) OVX-E2 treated (V) OVX- extract treated. Extract was administered for eight days to the cyclic groups and three days to the OVX groups. PCNA was detected immunohistochemically in uterine tissues and signals were analyzed by Image J software (NIH, USA). Compounds were separated by GC-MS and identified using NIST. In silico molecular docking studies was performed with human estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ). Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of the best interacting compound was done using gromacs.
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