Notes

Analysis Valuation on Scientific Profile along with Offered the Scientific Analytic Qualifying criterion associated with Enteric Fever.
Recently, ICRP Task Group 103 developed new mesh-type reference computational phantoms (MRCPs) for the adult male and female by converting the current voxel-type reference computational phantoms (VRCPs) of ICRPPublication 110into a high-quality/fidelity mesh format. Utilizing the great deformability/flexibility of the MRCPs compared with the VRCPs, in the present study, we established a body-size-dependent phantom library by modifying the MRCPs. The established library includes 108 adult male and 104 adult female phantoms in different standing heights and body weights, covering most body sizes representative of Caucasian and Asian populations. Ten secondary anthropometric parameters with respect to standing height and body weight were derived from various anthropometric databases and applied in the construction of the phantom library. An in-house program for automatic phantom adjustment was developed and applied for practical construction of such a large number of phantoms in the library with minimized human al dose estimates for many retrospective dosimetry studies by taking the body size of individuals into account. © 2020 Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine.List mode proton imaging relies on accurate reconstruction of the proton most likely path (MLP) through the patient. This typically requires two sets of position sensitive detector systems, one upstream (front) and one downstream (rear) of the patient. However, for a clinical implementation it can be preferable to omit the front trackers (single-sided proton imaging). https://www.selleckchem.com/products/nsc16168.html For such a system, the MLP can be computed from information available through the beam delivery system and the remaining rear tracker set. In this work, we use Monte Carlo simulations to compare a conventional double-sided (using both front and rear detector systems) with a single-sided system (only rear detector system) by evaluating the spatial resolution of proton radiographs (pRad) and proton CT images (pCT) acquired with these set-ups. Both the pencil beam spot size, as well as the spacing between spots was also adjusted to identify the impact of these beam parameters on the image quality. Relying only on the pencil beam central position fouctures. A complete CT reconstruction of a Catphan® module was performed. Assuming ideal detectors, the obtained spatial resolution was 5.1 lp/cm for double-sided and 3.8 lp/cm for the single-sided setup. Double- and single-sided pRad with realistic tracker properties returned a spatial resolution of 3.8 lp/cm and 3.2 lp/cm, respectively. Future studies should investigate the development of dedicated reconstruction algorithms targeted for single-sided particle imaging. Creative Commons Attribution license.Introduction Lung to finger circulation time (LFCT) measured from sleep studies may reflect underlying cardiac dysfunction. We aimed to examine the distribution of LFCT in community-dwelling men and women in order to better understand the factors determining LFCT between and within subjects. Methods We included participants of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) Sleep with polysomnography-based evidence of sleep apnea (defined by apnea hypopnea index>15/hr). In a randomly selected subset of the analytical dataset, we tested an automated LFCT measurement method against the visual method. Using the automated method we then scored LFCTs from all eligible respiratory events for all included participants. A multiple regression model was constructed to determine factors independently associated with average LFCT across subjects. We also explored factors that are associated with LFCT within subjects using linear mixed-effect models. Results In a subset of the cohort (N=39) there was a high correlation in average LFCT obtained by automated and visual methods (r= 0.96). In the analysis of 596 participants, men [19.6 (2.8)] (vs. women [17.9 (2.7) sec], p69 (vs. ≤ 69) had longer average LFCT (19.4 [2.8] vs. 18.5 [2.9] sec, p less then 0.0001). These associations persisted in multivariable analysis. No association was found with body habitus. Within subject analysis revealed trivial associations between apnea/hypopnea duration, apnea (vs. hypopnea), nadir O2 saturation and sleep stages (N vs. R) and individual LFCT. Conclusion Automated LFCT measurement was highly correlated with visual-based LFCT measurement. In this group of community dwelling adults, male sex and older age were associated with higher average LFCT. © 2020 Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine.One-dimensional nanostructured SnO2 has attracted intense research interest due to its advantageous properties, including a large surface-to-volume ratio, high optical transparency and typical n-type properties. However, how to fabricate high-performance and multifunctional electronic devices based on 1D nanostructured SnO2 via low-cost and efficient preparation techniques is still a huge challenge. In this work, a low-cost, one-step electrospun technology was employed to synthesize the SnO2 nanofiber (NF) and nanotube (NT) arrays. The electrical and photoelectrical parameters of SnO2 NTs-based devices were effectively controlled through simple changes to the amount of Sn in the precursor solution. The optimal 0.2 SnO2 NTs-based field effect transistors (FETs) with 0.2 g SnCl2*4H2O per 5 ml in the precursor solution exhibit a high saturation current (~9x10-5 A) and a large on/off ratio exceeding 2.4x106. Additionally, 0.2 SnO2 NTs-based FET also exhibit a narrowband deep-UV photodetectivity (240-320 nm), including an ultra-high photocurrent of 307 μA, a high photosensitivity of 2003, responsibility of 214 AW-1 and detectivity of 2.19x1013 Jones. Furthermore, the SnO2 NTs-based transparent photodetectors were as well be integrated with fluorine-doped tin oxide glass and demonstrated a high optical transparency and photosensitivity (~199). All these results elucidate the significant advantages of these electrospun SnO2 NTs for next-generation multifunctional electronics and transparent photonics. © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd.In this work, the first time we made InN/In2O3core-shell heterostructure by hydrogen plasma treatment. InN nanorods (NRs) were grown by using plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy and hydrogen plasma treatment was performed by using the reactive ion etching system at room temperature. From X-ray photoemission spectroscopy studies, it was noticed that the bonding partner of In changes from N to O and N 1s completely disappeared in hydrogenated InN NRs. Further, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy revealed that the formation of InN/In2O3core-shell NRs by hydrogenation plasma treatment. The resistance of pristine InN NRs was decreased in NO2ambient. Interestingly, the resistance of the InN/In2O3core-shell was increased while introducing NO2gas. InN NRs surface exhibits downward band bending due to the electron accumulation, in NO2ambient, the surface band bending was decreased due to the increase in bulk conduction channel. This reversed gas sensing behavior in InN/In2O3core-shell NRs was attributed to the increase in depletion layer while reducing conduction channel width by absorption of NO2.
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