Notes

Rhenium-mediated Alteration of Dinitrogen and Nitric oxide supplements to Nitrous Oxide.
Recent publications on the probable role of heparin-binding protein (HBP) as a biomarker in sepsis prompted us to investigate its diagnostic and prognostic performance in severe COVID-19. HBP and IL-6 were measured by immunoassays at admission and on day 7 in 178 patients with pneumonia by SARS-CoV-2. Patients were classified into non-sepsis and sepsis as per the Sepsis-3 definitions and were followed up for the development of severe respiratory failure (SRF) and for outcome. Results were confirmed by multivariate analyses. HBP was significantly higher in patients classified as having sepsis and was negatively associated with the oxygenation ratio and positively associated with creatinine and lactate. Logistic regression analysis evidenced admission HBP more than 18 ng/ml and IL-6 more than 30 pg/ml as independent risk factors for the development of SRP. Their integration prognosticated SRF with respective sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive 59.1%, 96.3%, 83.9%, and 87.8%. Cox regression analysis evidenced admission HBP more than 35 ng/ml and IL-6 more than 30 pg/ml as independent risk factors for 28-day mortality. Their integration prognosticated 28-day mortality with respective sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value 69.2%, 92.7%, 42.9%, and 97.5%. HBP remained unchanged over-time course. A prediction score of the disposition of patients with COVID-19 is proposed taking into consideration admission levels of IL-6 and HBP. Using different cut-offs, the score may predict the likelihood for SRF and for 28-day outcome.A recently developed, automated blood culture system and medium improve the time-to-positivity (TTP) for bacteremia. However, there have thus far been no genus-level analyses using this novel system. We evaluated and compared the changes in blood culture TTP between two systems BacT/Alert 3D with a blood culture medium containing activated charcoal versus the more recent BacT/Alert Virtuo with a blood culture medium containing polymeric beads. This before-and-after study included blood cultures collected between July 2010 and April 2014 (3D, activated charcoal) and between July 2015 and April 2018 (Virtuo, polymeric beads). A total of 554,732 blood cultures were included, 267,935 (48.30%) during the first period and 286,797 (51.70%) during the second period. Overall, 55,611 (10.02%) tested positive for at least one microorganism. The incubation of the blood culture medium in the Virtuo system was associated with reduced TTP for the most prevalent bacteria, those representing 91.72% (n=51,006) of all the positive blood cultures. The median TTP was reduced by 0.99 h for Staphylococcus, Enterococcus, Streptococcus, Pseudomonadales, and most of the genera within the order Enterobacterales (except the family Morganellaceae). However, strictly anaerobic bacteria belonging to the genus Bacteroides, representing 0.85% (n=474) of all positive blood cultures, were detected 4.53 h later using the Virtuo system. Virtuo was associated with a shorter TTP for most bacteria, but this improvement was heterogeneous to the genus level.
Studies indicate that long-chain n-3 PUFA (n-3LCPUFA) affect sleep and physical activity (PA) in childhood. Milciclib research buy However, few studies used objective tools and none studies examined the effect of fish per se. We aimed to explore if fish consumption affected sleep and PA assessed by accelerometry in children, and if effects were modified by sex.

In a randomized 12-week trial, 199 healthy 8-9-year-old children received ~ 300g/week of oily fish or poultry. Sleep and PA were pre-specified explorative outcomes examined by accelerometers that the children wore on their hip for 7days at baseline and endpoint, while parents registered sleep. Compliance was verified by erythrocyte n-3LCPUFA.

The children slept 9.4 ± 0.5h/night but the sleep duration variability across the week was 6.0 (95%CI 0.8, 11.1) min lower in the fish vs poultry group. Furthermore, children in the fish group exhibited increased spare time sedentary activity [9.4 (95%CI 1.8, 16.9) min/day] at the expense of light PA [-8.2 (95%CI -14.4, -2.0) min/day]. These effects were supported by dose-dependency with n-3LCPUFA. Additionally, latency to sleep onset was reduced by 3.6 (95%CI 1.0, 6.3) min on weekends and moderate-vigorous PA during school hours was 3.5 (95%CI 0.1, 6.8) min longer in fish vs poultry. P values for sex interactions were all > 0.05 but the effects tended to be most pronounced on sleep in girls and PA in boys.

Oily fish intake altered sleep and PA patterns among healthy schoolchildren, with some slight indications of sex differences. These findings warrant further investigation.

At clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02809508) and a published protocol in Trials [Damsgaard et al. in Trials, 2016].
At clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02809508) and a published protocol in Trials [Damsgaard et al. in Trials, 2016].
Plant-based proteins may have the potential to improve glycaemic and gastrointestinal hormone responses to foods and beverages. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of two doses of pea protein on postprandial glycaemic, insulinaemic, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) response following a high-carbohydrate beverage intake in healthy individuals.

In a single-blind, randomised, controlled, repeat measure, crossover design trial, thirty-one participants were randomly assigned to ingest 50g glucose (Control), 50g glucose with 25g pea protein (Test 1) and 50g glucose with 50g pea protein (Test 2) on three separate days. Capillary blood samples (blood glucose and plasma insulin measurements) and venous blood samples (GIP and GLP-1 concentrations) were taken before each test and at fixed intervals for 180min. The data were compared using repeated-measures ANOVA or the Friedman test.

Glucose incremental Area under the Curve (iAUC180) was significantly lower (p < 0.001) after Test 2 compared with Control (- 53%), after Test 1 compared with Control (- 31%) and after Test 2 compared with Test 1 (-32%). Insulin iAUC 180 was significantly higher (p < 0.001) for Test 1 (+ 28%) and Test 2 (+ 40%) compared with Control and for Test 2 (+ 17%) compared with Test 1 (p = 0.003). GIP and GLP-1 release showed no clear difference between Control and Pea protein drinks.

The consumption of pea protein reduced postprandial glycaemia and stimulated insulin release in healthy adults with a dose-response effect, supporting its role in regulating glycaemic and insulinaemic responses.
The consumption of pea protein reduced postprandial glycaemia and stimulated insulin release in healthy adults with a dose-response effect, supporting its role in regulating glycaemic and insulinaemic responses.
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