Notes

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001]. The median (IQR) monthly OOPE incurred on healthcare was also significantly higher among NEBF infants than EBF infants [INR 140 (0-540) vs 0(0-150); P=0.002].

The prevalence of NEBF was high, and it was associated with higher financial burden on the families.
The prevalence of NEBF was high, and it was associated with higher financial burden on the families.
Consensus Guidelines for Pediatric Intensive Care Units (PICUs) were published in Indian Pediatrics in 2002.

The current document represents a recent update in the Indian context, regarding unit design, equipment, organization, staffing as well as admission and discharge criteria for different levels of Pediatric Intensive Care and teaching units with PICU training programs, as well as nonteaching units.

The Pediatric Intensive Care College Council (PICC), an academic wing of the Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP) Intensive Care Chapter took the initiative to update the guidelines with members of the PICU guidelines Committee writing group. After a great deal of discussion at conferences and through mailing and feedback with listed members, as well as with the guidance and feedback of senior PICU guidelines advisory committee members, The consensus is now updated. These guidelines are intended to serve as a reference for health Care institutions wishing to establish a new PICU or to modify an existing PICU. As a resource, experience of those members who have worked extensively in western PICUs was also taken into consideration, in addition to published guidelines in the medical literature. PICUs with teaching programs run by the IAP Intensive Care Chapter must follow these criteria for unit accreditation and teaching curricula as applicable.

Unit design, equipment, organization, staffing as well as admission and discharge criteria for different levels of pediatric intensive care are updated.
Unit design, equipment, organization, staffing as well as admission and discharge criteria for different levels of pediatric intensive care are updated.We herein, describe the rationale, content, methodology and evaluation of a health humanities module in the new competency-based curriculum, and share our experience of the same. Providing training in health humanities to the healthcare trainees will definitely go a long way in having a professional and responsive Indian medical graduate, who is able to provide empathetic and holistic healthcare to all sections of the society.This retrospective study describes the epidemiology and identifies risk factors associated with severe complications in lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in a population of infants hospitalized in a tertiary care hospital in a tropical region of Colombia. A severe complication in RSV LRTI was defined as the presence of SpO2 ≤ 90% in the emergency room and/or pneumonia and/or atelectasis and/or sepsis and/or respiratory failure during hospitalization. RSV was detected in 193 (46.3%) of 417 patients with LRTI. The average hospital stay lasted for 5.9 days. I-BET151 in vitro Severe hypoxemia (SpO2≤ 90% in the emergency department) was resent in 57.5% of the patients. After controlling for potential confounders, comorbidities bronchopulmonary dysplasia, congenital heart disease, length of hospital stay, and alveolar infiltrates in X-ray were independent predictors of severe complications in RSV LRTI.
To determine the prevalence of unintentional injuries and its associated factors among under-five children in Rural Delhi.

This community based cross-sectional study was conducted in Pooth Khurd village of Delhi during 2018 among under-five children and their care givers. Primary caregivers of the child in the randomly selected households were interviewed using a semi-structured pretested questionnaire. The data related to unintentional injuries in past 12 months and its associated factors were collected, and entered in EpiData software version 3.1 and analyzed using Stata statistical software version 14.

Unintentional injuries were prevalent in 29.3% (95% CI 25.8-32.9) of the 650 under-five children included. Male children had 1.4 times increased prevalence of injuries (aPR=1.4 95%CI 1.1-1.7). As the age increases from 2 years to 5 years the prevalence of injuries increased constantly from 29% to 50%. The prevalence of unintentional injuries was significantly higher among children of working mothers (aPR=1.7 95%CI 1.4-2.1), family with more than 3 children (aPR=1.6 95%CI1.1-2.4), household without a separate kitchen (aPR=1.6 95%CI1.2-2.2) and household with inadequate lighting (aPR=1.8 95%CI1.4-2.3).

The factors significantly associated with unintentional injuries were male gender, higher age of the children, maternal occupation, increased number of children in the family, not having a separate kitchen and inadequate lighting.
The factors significantly associated with unintentional injuries were male gender, higher age of the children, maternal occupation, increased number of children in the family, not having a separate kitchen and inadequate lighting.
An independent external evaluation of the International Clinical Epidemiology Network (INCLEN) research program to emphasize the public health significance of childhood pneumonia in India.

An independent evaluation based on desk reviews of available documents and reports, site visits to study sites, and structured interviews with study investigators, technical advisory group (TAG) members, INCLEN staff and the donor agency.

The program elicited responses from a range of investigators across India. The selection process was transparent and objective, and the selected projects were of public health significance. The support provided through the program strengthened research capacity and improved study outputs. However, the available expertise was not fully exploited and protocol deviations in a few studies resulted in suboptimal outputs.

The program represented a new and positive paradigm for research support in India, though a few improvements may result in greater impact for future programs.
The program represented a new and positive paradigm for research support in India, though a few improvements may result in greater impact for future programs.
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