Notes

Sensory-Motor and Affective-Fatigue Elements are generally Connected with Token Number Functionality in Ms.
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Problem Signs or symptoms along with Externalizing Progression in the LAMS Research: An exam of Feature Impulsivity Concept.
Currently, after 5 months of therapy, she has recovered clinically.Ethionamide is part of a group of drugs used in the treatment of drug resistant TB. With the advent of increasing drug resistance in pulmonary TB cases, use of Ethionamide, a second line anti tubercular drug is increasing. Vision changes are rare with ethionamide. Cyanopsia i.e., bluish tinted vision of surroundings with ethionamide is not known in literature. Here, we report a case of DRTB patient who developed cyanopsia soon after introducing ethionamide. Although reversible, ethionamide may sometimes need withdrawal because of significant distress caused to patient.
Female genital tuberculosis (FGTB) is a form of extra pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) affecting women of reproductive age group. It causes significant morbidity in women especially infertility particularly in developing countries. Diagnosis is by endometrial sampling for acid fast bacilli (AFB) microscopy, culture, gene Xpert, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), histopathological evidence of epithelioid granuloma and by laparoscopic findings suggestive of tuberculosis.

Present study was conducted to observe the prevalence of a new "Sharma's Sigmoid colonic adhesive band "in FGTB on laparoscopy.

It was a prospective study in a tertiary referral center as a part of our ongoing tuberculosis project on 148 infertile women found to have FGTB on microbiological or laparoscopic findings over previous 10 years. A new laparoscopic "Sharma's Sigmoid colonic adhesive band" was looked for in these cases on laparoscopy.

The mean age, parity and duration of infertility and incidence of poor socioeconomic status was 26.96%), calcified and rigid tubes (6.08%). The new laparoscopic sigmoid colonic adhesive band was seen in 49 (33.10%) patients of FGTB.

The new laparoscopic "Sharma's Sigmoid colonic adhesive band" appears to be an important finding in patients with FGTB.
The new laparoscopic "Sharma's Sigmoid colonic adhesive band" appears to be an important finding in patients with FGTB.
To assess and understand the prevalence and clinical presentation of ocular morbidity in patients suffering from tuberculosis and compare it with ocular involvement in patients coinfected with tuberculosis and HIV AIDS.

This was a non-comparative, observational, cross sectional study done on 580 patients, who were diagnosed cases of tuberculosis, pulmonary or extrapulmonary, on or off treatment, visiting the Ophthalmology OPD, Tuberculosis OPD and ART Centre of the institute in the period from March 2015 to March 2018, screened for ocular morbidity.

Out of 580, 408 patients had only tuberculosis and 172 had tuberculosis with HIV AIDS. 108 patients were found to have ocular involvement (18.6%) out of which 63 were males and 45 were females. The prevalence of ocular morbidity in patients with only tuberculosis was found to be 16.4% and in those having both tuberculosis and HIV AIDS was found to be 23.8%.

Our study concludes that posterior uveitis, pan uveitis, periphlebitis and vitritis are the most common ocular manifestations in tuberculosis. In patients with both tuberculosis and HIV most common ocular findings included vitritis and herpes zoster ophthalmicus. selleck products Our study also concludes that lower CD4 counts (less than 200) in HIV AIDS patient is significantly associated with ocular involvement.
Our study concludes that posterior uveitis, pan uveitis, periphlebitis and vitritis are the most common ocular manifestations in tuberculosis. In patients with both tuberculosis and HIV most common ocular findings included vitritis and herpes zoster ophthalmicus. Our study also concludes that lower CD4 counts (less than 200) in HIV AIDS patient is significantly associated with ocular involvement.
Pediatric tuberculosis (TB) constitutes 8% of the total caseload of TB. Children are particularly vulnerable to dissemination of disease and mortality.

To determine mortality rate, elucidate type of TB, causes and predictors of mortality, if any, in admitted pediatric TB patients.

Present retrospective study was conducted in a tertiary referral center over last 6½ year on children who died out of total TB admissions.

Out of total 1380 pediatric (<15 years of age) TB admissions, 74 children died, a mortality rate of 5.36%. Mean age was 11.4 years with highest mortality 47 (63.51%) in patients from 11 to 14 years age group. Significant majority 58 (78.38%) patients were females (p<0.011). Range of hospital stay was 0-113 days with 7 (9.5%), 9 (12.16%) and 27 (36.48%) children dying on day of admission, next day and 3rd-7th day respectively, therefore a total of 43 (58.11%) died within first week of admission. Most 60 (81.08%) patients belonged to poor socio-economic status. History of contact was Adverse drug reactions were noted in 12 (16.21%) cases. selleck products Noted immediate causes of mortality were cardio-respiratory failure, sudden pneumothorax, massive hemoptysis, sepsis, extensive pulmonary disease and aspiration pneumonia. The pointers towards mortality include female gender, severe malnutrition, anemia, extensive disseminated disease and drug resistant TB. Ignorance, dependency of children on parents, poor adherence and late referrals into the system leadto delayed diagnosis and initiation of proper regimen based treatment.

Early referrals of non-responders and failures to centers equipped with programmatic management facilities are essential for proper, timely management of pediatric TB to reduce mortality.
Early referrals of non-responders and failures to centers equipped with programmatic management facilities are essential for proper, timely management of pediatric TB to reduce mortality.Tuberculosis (TB), which is caused by bacteria of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, is one of the oldest diseases known to affect humans and a major cause of death worldwide. Tuberculosis continues to be a huge peril disease against the human population and according to WHO, tuberculosis is a major killer of the human population after HIV/AIDS. Tuberculosis is highly prevalent among the low socioeconomic section of the population and marginalized sections of the community. In India, National strategic plan (2017-2025) has a national goal of elimination of tuberculosis by 2025. It requires increased awareness and understanding of Tuberculosis. In this review article history, taxonomy, epidemiology, histology, immunology, pathogenesis and clinical features of both pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) has been discussed. A great length of detailed information regarding diagnostic modalities has been explained along with diagnostic algorithm for PTB and EPTB. Treatment regimen for sensitive, drug resistant and extensive drug resistant tuberculosis has been summarized along with newer drugs recommended for multi drug resistant tuberculosis.
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