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Factors connected with media utilize pertaining to nurturing data: Any cross-sectional review between parents of youngsters outdated 0-8 a long time.
OBJECTIVE To elevate safety and efficacy of en bloc transurethral resection with 980 nm laser as treatment for primary non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). METHODS Total 84 cases were enrolled in this study. Among them, 36 and 48 cases underwent treatment using the 980 nm laser and the traditional TUR-BT procedure, respectively. The peri-operative characteristics (tumor size, tumor multiplicity, tumor grade, etc.) and intra-operative complications (obturator nerve reflex, bladder perforation, bladder irrigation, etc.) were recorded and compared between the two groups. RESULTS There are no significant difference in baseline characteristics between laser and TUR-Bt treatment groups. Operation time also has no significant difference in two groups. Obturator nerve reflex and bladder perforation were noted in 6 patients and in 3 patients during TUR-Bt group, respectively. No obturator nerve reflex and bladder perforation were observed in the laser group. The patients who need bladder irrigation was lower in laser group than in TUR-Bt group. There were no significant differences in catheterization time and hospitalization time between two groups. No significant difference in the overall recurrence rate were observed among the two groups during the follow-up periods. CONCLUSION En bloc transurethral resection using 980 nm laser is an effective and safe treatment option for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Compared to the traditional TUR-Bt procedure, the procedure using 980 nm laser has fewer perioperative complications and similar oncological results.BACKGROUND Up to date there is no intramedullary, biodegradable osteosynthesis commercially available to treat non-comminuted midshaft fractures of small hollow bones applying not only a stable osteosynthesis but an additional axial compression to the fracture site. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS Therefore we (1) designed different implant profiles and simulated the inner tension/volume using CAD. SGC707 (2) Thereafter we manufactured a prototype with the best volume/tension-ratio using 7030 poly-(L-lactide-co-D, L-lactide) (PLLA/PDLLA) and poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) by injection moulding. Both materials are resorbable, licensed for medical use and show a slow degradation over at least one year. (3) The implants were tested in a universal testing machine (Zwick/RoellZ010) using a 3-point-bending-setup. (4) We compared the implants with different types of commercially available Ti6Al4V 6-hole 2, 3 mm-plates including interlocking systems (Leibinger Set, Stryker) (each group n= 6) using a 4-point-bending-test-setup with artificial metacarpal bones (Sawbones®). RESULTS The 3-point-bending-test-results showed that mean failure-force of PCL-tubes was 57.94 ± 4.28 N whereas the PLLA/PDLLA-tubes had an approximately four-fold higher value of 227.24 ± 1.87 N (p less then 0.001). Additionally, the 4-point-bending-test-results showed that the maximum load of PLLA/PDLLA tubes (61.97 ± 3.58 N) was significantly higher than the strongest 6-hole metacarpal plate (22.81 ± 0.76 N) (p less then 0.001). CONCLUSION The study showed that the new type of biodegradable, intramedullary tension-osteosynthesis made of PLLA/PDLLA is even more stable than common plate osteosynthesis in a small-hallow-bone-model. Further in vivo investigation should be performed to evaluate the surgical technique and long-term healing process of the bone and biodegradation process of the implant.OBJECTIVE To compare outcomes of hospitalized preterm infants following previable prelabour rupture of membranes (PPROM) at≤23 weeks of gestation. METHODS Retrospective cohort study of preterm infants admitted for intensive care, between January 2006 and December 2016 following PPROM, was conducted. Short term clinical outcomes included severity of respiratory morbidity, length of hospital stay and mortality. Neurodevelopment in survivors was assessed using Bayley's Scales of Infant Development (3rd edition) at 24 months corrected age. RESULTS A total of 82 preterm infants were admitted following PPROM at  less then  23 weeks and were grouped as Group 1 (n = 28) with PPROM  less then  20 weeks and Group 2 (n = 54) with PPROM between 20-22 + 6 weeks. Median latency following PPROM was significantly longer in Group 1 infants [69(Interquartile range (IQR) 43-74; Range (R) 25-100 vs. 29(IQR 10-53; R 2-72) days, p  less then  0.001]. Median gestation at delivery was 27.4 weeks (Group 1) vs. 25.1 weeks (Group 2). Group 1 had a significantly higher incidence of oligohydramnios [13(46.4%) vs. 8(14.8%), p = 0.002], lower Apgar scores ( less then 7) at 5 minutes [19(67.9%) vs. 24(44.4%), p = 0.044], increased pulmonary hypoplasia [13(46.4%) vs. 5(9.3%), p  less then  0.001], joint contractures [3(10.7%) vs. 0, p = 0.037] and mortality [10(35.7%) vs. 7(13.0%), p = 0.016]. Neurodevelopmental outcomes at 24 months corrected age were comparable in the 36 surviving infants (9/18 vs. 27/547). CONCLUSION Morbidity and mortality is high in infants born after previable PPROM; specifically, in those with PPROM  less then  20 weeks although early childhood neurodevelopmental outcomes were comparable. Larger prospective studies focussing on long term neonatal outcomes are needed to confirm these findings.BACKGROUND The mother-newborn relationship is more important in neonates hospitalized in the NICU than in healthy neonates. This study was conducted to explore the experiences of the mothers of infants hospitalized in the NICU. MATERIALS AND METHODS This qualitative study was done in 2016 by adopting a conventional content analysis approach. Thirty-five mothers in the NICUs, Imam Hossein Hospital and Fatemieh Hospital were selected. Their experiences were assessed using in-depth individual semi-structured interviews. Sampling was purposive and was continued until reaching data saturation. RESULTS Two hundred and nine primary codes were extracted. After removing duplicates and overlaps, 95 primary codes were categorized in 8 subcategories, 2 accessory categories and 1 main category based on their appropriateness, agreement, and similarity. The accessory categories of "mothers' worries" and "mothers' hopes" were merged into a more general, abstract category named "dual feelings about the baby". CONCLUSIONS The nurses' awareness of the mothers' experiences can help design interventions to promote the quality of care for mothers and infants in the critical period of the NICU admission.
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