Notes

Metagenomic examination regarding planktonic bacterial consortia from a non-tidal urban-impacted segment associated with James Pond.
002). MMD was significantly associated with the WFS1 mutation (P<0.001). No significant association was found between the presence of vitreomacular adhesion and MMD.

MMD was found in 29% of patients affected by AON and was more frequent in cases with a WFS1 gene mutation. MMD appears to be related to primary ganglion cell degeneration and Müller cell dysfunction. The vitreomacular interface does not appear to play a role in the occurrence of MMD.
MMD was found in 29% of patients affected by AON and was more frequent in cases with a WFS1 gene mutation. MMD appears to be related to primary ganglion cell degeneration and Müller cell dysfunction. The vitreomacular interface does not appear to play a role in the occurrence of MMD.
To describe the management of an iris stromal cyst by fine needle aspiration and irrigation with absolute alcohol to induce cyst sclerosis.

We present the case of a 45-year-old patient with no previous history referred for a 3-month history of an iris lesion in his right eye. Examination revealed a 2.1×3mm cyst with transparent walls at the right inferonasal iris root, and a primary acquired iris stromal cyst was diagnosed. Initially, observation was recommended, but at the 2-month follow-up, growth of the lesion was observed, so fine needle aspiration and cryotherapy were performed, with recurrence after 2 months. Subsequently, fine needle aspiration and irrigation with absolute alcohol for 2minutes to induce sclerosis of the cyst was carried out. Two weeks after surgery, argon laser was performed on the iris root and remaining walls of the cyst to induce adherence.

After 1 year of the procedure, the patient remains asymptomatic, without associated complications. A depression and hyperpigmentation of the iris in the inferonasal sector persists, without recurrence of internal fluid or increase in cyst volume. Endothelial cell count and intraocular pressure monitoring have remained stable.

Iris stromal cyst sclerosis by aspiration and irrigation with absolute alcohol was effective and avoided complications associated with resection of the lesion.
Iris stromal cyst sclerosis by aspiration and irrigation with absolute alcohol was effective and avoided complications associated with resection of the lesion.
Women's suicide is a serious public health issue in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). This study explored whether institutional discrimination against women, as manifested in formal and informal laws, is relevant to country's income-level variability in women's suicide mortality. It also examined which discriminatory laws are associated with LMIC women's suicides.

Scores on laws discriminating against women, across 176 countries, were obtained from the Gender, Institutions and Development Database. Male-to-female (M/F) 2017 suicide ratios were the index of women's propensity for suicide. The mediating role of laws discriminating against women on the association between country's income level and M/F suicide ratio was analysed by bootstrapping method. Regression analyses examined which discriminatory laws were associated with LMIC women's suicide rates.

LMIC had significantly smaller M/F suicide ratios than high-income countries. Institutional discrimination mediated the association between countruld incorporate social-context and social-justice perspectives.
The relatively high suicide rates recorded among women in LMIC might be related to the higher level of institutional discrimination women experience in these countries. In LMIC, where, by law, women had restricted access to productive and financial assets and to justice, and/or unequal rights with regard to citizenship, household-responsibilities, divorce, and inheritance, M/F suicide ratios were lower-that is, women's suicide rates were higher. Suicide theory, research, and prevention targeting women should incorporate social-context and social-justice perspectives.While Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a prominent cause of cervical cancer and mortality among underserved women, HPV vaccine completion rates remain stagnant (54%) among US adolescents. Our objective is to identify how adolescents' mothers' engagement with anti-vaccine versus pro-vaccine social media content is associated with their children's HPV vaccination rates via increased vaccine hesitancy. We employ the notion of loss aversion escalated in an emotion-laden circumstance in consumer behavior literature given that HPV vaccination decisions directly affect children's well-being. Based on this escalated loss aversion tendency for an emotion-laden decision, we explain why anti-vaccine content disproportionately increases mothers' overarching vaccine hesitancy, while pro-vaccine content does not decrease vaccine hesitancy. We conducted a population-based survey among 426 mothers of US adolescents aged 13-18. Our sample closely mimics the socioeconomic and demographic factors of the population group of mothers of adolescents in the US census. Our results show that anti-vaccine social media posts are associated with increases in mothers' overarching vaccine hesitancy and with decreases in their children's HPV vaccination rates, while pro-vaccine content has no significant association with either.
The global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has generated concern about contagion, especially among healthcare workers who are on the front line.

To design and analyse the evidence of content validity, internal structure and reliability of a measure of concern about the spread of COVID-19 among Peruvian healthcare workers.

Quantitative study and instrumental design. The scale was administered to 321 health science professionals (78 males and 243 females), whose ages ranged from 22 to 64 years (38.12±9.61).

Aiken's V-coefficient values were statistically significant. An exploratory factor analysis was performed which indicated the existence of a single factor, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) confirmed a satisfactory six-factor model. The CFA solution obtained adequate fit indices (RMSEA=0.079; p=0.05; TLI=0.967; IFC=0.980; GFI=0.971, and AGFI=0.931), and showed good internal consistency based on Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α=0.865; CI 95%, 0.83-0.89).

The scale of concern for COVID-19 infection is a valid and reliable brief measure that can be used for research and professional purposes.
The scale of concern for COVID-19 infection is a valid and reliable brief measure that can be used for research and professional purposes.
We aim to determine the prevalence of mental disorders in siblings of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and to determine how psychosocial adversity factors relate to this psychopathology, in a low-middle income country (Colombia).

We evaluated subjects with ADHD diagnosed according to the DSM-5 criteria, one of their parents and one of their siblings (ages 8-19). We used the ADHD rating scale and a set of instruments to assess the presence of mental disorders as well as psychosocial adversity.

We evaluated 74 trios formed by the index case with ADHD, one sibling and one of the parents. We found that 24.3% of the participating siblings also met the criteria for ADHD and another 24.3% for other psychiatric disorders. The risk of these siblings having ADHD increased further when one of the parents reported a history of ADHD. We also found that 28.3% of the families faced high levels of psychosocial adversity as per their scores in the Rutter Adversity Index.

Siblings of subjects with ADHD showed a significant risk for ADHD and other mental disorders. That risk increased if a parent reported a history of ADHD and also when two or more psychosocial adversity factors were present. This study supports the importance of early detection in efforts to decrease the risk for other siblings.
Siblings of subjects with ADHD showed a significant risk for ADHD and other mental disorders. That risk increased if a parent reported a history of ADHD and also when two or more psychosocial adversity factors were present. This study supports the importance of early detection in efforts to decrease the risk for other siblings.
Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis is a particularly destructive variant of cholecystitis marked by unique inflammatory changes evident in pathologic specimens. Multiple case series have evaluated this process. However, these often focus on differentiating it from malignancy and have largely been conducted in Asia, where the disease may differ from that seen in the Western hemisphere. This study evaluated surgical outcomes after cholecystectomy for xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis at a high-volume tertiary care institution in the United States. The goal was to determine whether the process can be identified preoperatively and whether modifications should be made to the operative approach in this setting.

Patients with histopathological confirmation of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis who underwent cholecystectomy between 2002 and 2019 were identified from an updated institutional database. Data regarding demographics, imaging findings, surgical procedures, and perioperative complications were reviewed reical approaches and elevated risk of complication. Referral to a hepatobiliary specialist is to be considered.
Emergency general surgery conditions are common, require urgent surgical evaluation, and are associated with high mortality and costs. Although appropriate interhospital transfers are critical to successful emergency general surgery care, the performance of emergency general surgery transfer systems remains unclear. We aimed to describe emergency general surgery transfer patterns and identify factors associated with potentially avoidable transfers.

We performed a retrospective cohort study of emergency general surgery episodes in 8 US states using the 2016 Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project State Inpatient and Emergency Department Databases and the American Hospital Association Annual Surveys. We identified Emergency Department-to-Inpatient and Inpatient-to-Inpatient interhospital emergency general surgery transfers. Potentially avoidable transfers were defined as discharge within 72 hours after transfer without undergoing any procedure or operation at the destination hospital. We examined transfer iariability.

Over 1 in 4 emergency general surgery transfers are potentially avoidable. GDC-0879 Understanding factors associated with potentially avoidable transfers can guide research, quality improvement, and infrastructure development to optimize emergency general surgery care.
Over 1 in 4 emergency general surgery transfers are potentially avoidable. Understanding factors associated with potentially avoidable transfers can guide research, quality improvement, and infrastructure development to optimize emergency general surgery care.
Joint manifestations of ANCA (antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody) associated vasculitis (AAV) are extremely common in the progression of systemic damages. However, the joint involvement is rarely isolated. The diagnosis and the treatment are difficult in this particular situation and few data are available on the topic.

We have observed two cases of joint manifestation revealing AAV we are going to describe here. The evolution toward a more severe disease raises the question of the treatment managing. The place of the ANCA research in relation to other immune tests is also discussed.

Isolated joint manifestations of ANCA vasculitis are rare but can lead to a delay in diagnosis. ANCA vasculitis should be considered in seronegative symmetrical polyarthritis by looking for ANCA in a second line biological test. Methotrexate is the first treatment option to be considered. In case of insufficient response or failure, rituximab seems an interesting option in this context.
Isolated joint manifestations of ANCA vasculitis are rare but can lead to a delay in diagnosis.
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