Notes

Electrospun regenerated silk fibroin can be a guaranteeing biomaterial for the upkeep of inside the ear progenitors in vitro.
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of calcium hydroxide and bioceramics used in perforation repair on the bonding strength of fiber posts via a push-out test.

This study used 106 extracted single-rooted human mandibular premolar teeth. Root canal preparations were performed with a rotary file system and perforations were created in the middle third of each tooth. The samples were randomized into two main experimental groups, one with calcium hydroxide and one without. Each group had four subgroups in which different bioceramic cements were applied (
 = 11) and a control group (
 = 9). The root canals perforations were repaired using MTA, Biodentine, Bioaggregate, and Endosequence BC root repair material. A fiber post was applied to each tooth and a push-out test was performed. The samples were examined at 40× magnification with a digital microscope in order to identify fracture type.

Bonding strength was calculated in MPa. A statistical analysis showed that the calcium hydroxide had no effect on the bonding strength of the fiber posts. A comparison of the perforation repair materials revealed that Biodentine in the calcium hydroxide group and Bioaggregate in both groups decreased the bonding strength compared to the other materials (
 < 0.05). The most common failure type was adhesive failure between the dentin and resin cement (38.16%).

The use of different perforation repair materials can affect the bonding strength of fiber posts. Therefore, the choice of perforation repair material should be made on an individual basis.
The use of different perforation repair materials can affect the bonding strength of fiber posts. Therefore, the choice of perforation repair material should be made on an individual basis.
To study structural and functional outcomes of cystoid macular degeneration (CMD) in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR).

This retrospective study included 26 eyes having chronic CSCR with CMD who underwent either observation, photodynamic therapy (PDT), micropulse laser, or eplerenone therapy. Various optical coherence tomography parameters were analyzed at baseline and 1 year.

Number of eyes that maintained or gained vision after treatment was 63.1%, compared to a loss of 2.1 ± 1.1 lines in observation group. Sub-foveal large choroidal vessel responded to PDT (
 = 0.03); while CMT (
 = 0.035) and intra-retinal cystoid spaces (0.037) responded to eplerenone. Longer duration of the symptoms and round cystoid spaces were associated with a decrease in CMT (
 = 0.03) and decrease in cystoid spaces size (
 = 0.02) respectively on follow up.

Treatment of eyes with CMD prevents further deterioration of vision. Round configuration of intra-retinal cystoid space has a better anatomical outcome.
Treatment of eyes with CMD prevents further deterioration of vision. Round configuration of intra-retinal cystoid space has a better anatomical outcome.
To identify psychosocial indicators and evaluate the filtering surgeries impacts on quality of life (QOL) of children with primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) and their family.

Parents of children with bilateral PCG who underwent filtering surgery were included. Data were collected through (a) psychological inquiry to determine psychosocial indicators; (b) Children's Visual Function Questionnaire (CVFQ). The associations between the CVFQ scores and visual acuity, intraocular pressure, optic disk cupping, horizontal corneal diameter, axial length, number of surgeries, and hypotensive eye drops were investigated. The statistical significance level was considered as
 ⩽ 0.05.

The mean age of the nine mothers interviewed and their children (six boys and three girls) was 29 ± 5 years and 35 ± 18 months, respectively. The psychosocial indicators determined were emotional impact of the diagnosis, disease knowledge, mother and family's feelings on facing the surgical treatment, surgical result comprehension, treatment adherence, child's emotional and behavioral reactions, social support, and future expectations. In CVFQ analysis, QOL score was strongly associated with visual acuity (
 = -0.79;
 = 0.01). Besides the treatment score was correlated to intraocular pressure (
 = -0.68;
 < 0.05), optic disk cupping (
 = -0.85;
 = 0.03), and corneal diameter (
 = -0.69;
 = 0.02). Correlations were not found for number of surgeries and eye drops.

This study confirmed the PCG surgical treatment impact on QOL and determined psychosocial indicators which may favor the suitable actions in psychological treatment and follow-up of the children and families.
This study confirmed the PCG surgical treatment impact on QOL and determined psychosocial indicators which may favor the suitable actions in psychological treatment and follow-up of the children and families.Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in COVID-19 patients is associated with poor clinical outcomes and high mortality rates, despite the use of mechanical ventilation. Veno-Venous Extracorporeal membrane Oxygenation (VV-ECMO) in these patients is a viable salvage therapy. We describe clinical outcomes and survival rates in 52 COVID-19 patients with ARDS treated with early VV-ECMO at a large, high-volume center ECMO program. Outcomes included arterial blood gases, respiratory parameters, inflammatory markers, adverse events, and survival rates. Patients' mean age was 47.8 ± 12.1 years, 33% were female, and 75% were Hispanic. At the end of study period, 56% (n = 29) of the patients survived and were discharged and 44% (n = 23) of the patients expired. Survival rate was 75.0% (9 out of 12) in patients placed on ECMO prior to mechanical ventilation. Longer duration on mechanical ventilation prior to ECMO intervention was associated with a 31% (aOR = 1.31, 95% CI, 1.00-1.70) increased odds of mortality after adjusting for age, gender, BMI, number of comorbid conditions, and post-ECMO ventilator days. Early and effective ECMO intervention in critical ill COVID-19 patients might be a valuable strategy in critical care settings to increase their odds of survival.
Retrospective cross-sectional study.

There is insufficient data on the clinical features of ossification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF) of the thoracic spine and the risk of progression of ossified lesions. The link between obesity and ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL), which frequently coexists with OLF, has been demonstrated. However, the link between obesity and OLF has not been recognized. We aimed to determine the prevalence of obesity in thoracic OLF and whether the severity of OLF is associated with the degree of obesity.

A total of 204 symptomatic Japanese subjects with thoracic OLF and 136 subjects without spinal ligament ossification as controls were included. OLF subjects were divided into 3 groups 1) localized OLF (OLF <2-intervertebral regions); 2) multilevel OLF (OLF ≥3-intervertebral regions); and 3) OLF + OPLL. The severity of OLF was quantified using the OLF index using computed tomography imaging of the entire spine.

The proportion of severely obese subjects (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m
) was significantly higher both in the multilevel OLF group (25.5%) and the OLF + OPLL group (44.3%) than in the localized OLF group (3.6%) and the control group (1.4%) (
< 0.01). BMI, age, and coexistence of cervical OPLL and lumbar OLF were associated with thoracic OLF index in the multiple regression analysis.

Our findings demonstrated that obesity is a distinct feature of multilevel OLF in the thoracic spine and that the severity of OLF is associated with the degree of obesity.
Our findings demonstrated that obesity is a distinct feature of multilevel OLF in the thoracic spine and that the severity of OLF is associated with the degree of obesity.This report discusses the case of an 83-year-old male who was incidentally found to have a diagnosis of metastatic prostate cancer on pathology from elective inguinal hernia repair. The medical record, radiology, operative reports, and pathology of the patient were reviewed and a literature search was subsequently performed. A new cancer diagnosis is a very rare finding during routine hernia surgery. Moreover, the decision of whether to send a hernia sac for routine pathology is often dependent on individual surgeon practices and institutional guidelines. However, this case demonstrates the potential for an unexpected finding on routine pathology to significantly alter the clinical course of a patient's care as the patient subsequently underwent both medical and palliative surgical treatment for prostate cancer.
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there may be a bi-atrial dysfunction in Takotsubo syndrome (TS) during the transient course of the disease, using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging feature tracking (CMR-FT) in analyzing bi-atrial strain.

Eighteen TS patients and 13 healthy controls were studied. Reservoir, conduit, and booster bi-atrial functions were analyzed by CMR-FT. The correlation between LA and RA strain parameters was assessed. Intra- and inter-observer reproducibility was evaluated for all strain and strain rate (SR) parameters using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and Bland-Altman analysis.

Atrial strain were feasible in all patients and controls. Takotsubo patients showed an impaired LA Reservoir strain (∊
), LA Reservoir strain rate (SRs), LA and RA Conduit strain(∊
), LA and RA conduit strain rate (SRe) in comparison with controls (P < 0.001 for all of them), while no differences were found as to LA and RA booster deformation parameters (∊
and SRa). Analysis of correlation showed that LA ∊
, SRs, ∊
, and SRe were positively correlated with corresponding RA strain measurements (P < 0.001, r = 0.61 and P = 0,03, r = 0,54, respectively). Reproducibility was good to excellent for all atrial strain and strain rate parameters (ICCs ranging from 0,50 to 0,96).

Atrial strain analysis using CMR-FT may be a useful tool to reveal new pathophysiological insights in Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. Additional studies, with a larger number of patients, are needed to confirm the possible role of these advanced CMR tools in characterizing TS patients.
Atrial strain analysis using CMR-FT may be a useful tool to reveal new pathophysiological insights in Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. Additional studies, with a larger number of patients, are needed to confirm the possible role of these advanced CMR tools in characterizing TS patients.
Computed tomography scans became the mainstay of emergency department (ED) evaluation of trauma patients including those with a high Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and a low Injury Severity Score (ISS). We elected to find the value of abdominal and pelvic CT in patients with negative physical examination and Focused Assessment of Sonography for Trauma (FAST) on arrival to the ED.

This study is a retrospective analysis of 901 consecutive patients from 2017 to 2019 who presented to the ED with level 2 and 3 activation criteria. Each patient received a physical examination, CT abdomen and pelvis, and FAST exam. Data were collected on external factor including GCS, ISS, age, sex, comorbidities, anticoagulation use, and surgical intervention. The patients were divided into 2 groups, Group A and B. find more Group A consisted of patients with a negative physical exam, FAST, and CT result. Group B included patients with a negative physical exam and FAST exam with positive CT findings. Statistical analysis was done using a Student's t-test and chi-square test for significance value of
< .
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