Notes

The actual Affiliation Between the 5Cs and Anxiety-Insights Through A few International locations: England, Slovenia, and also Italy.
Moscatilin (stilbenoid) is a plant-derived anticancer compound, and it has mostly been isolated from threatened wild Dendrobium species. The present study attempts to evaluate the cytotoxicity of Moscatilin on several cancer cell lines through MTT assay. Additionally, it also aims towards estimating and comparing the radiosensitivity, cell-cycle progression, and apoptotic/necrotic effect induced by Moscatilin on different cell lines. The effects of Moscatilin was compared with another significant stilbenoid anticancer agent, Resveratrol (a structural analog of Moscatilin), whose presence has also been reported in Dendrobiums. Considering the threatened nature of this genus, crude extracts of a tropical and epiphytic Dendrobium species, viz., Dendrobium ovatum, prepared from in vitro seedlings were also tested towards cytotoxicity and radiosensitization efficacy. Moscatilin functioned as an effective radiosensitizer at 5 µg/ml along with 1 Gy X-ray and 200 J/m2 UV-C radiations. It was also able to perturb cell cycle both at replicative and post-replicative phases with the aforementioned combination. Moscatilin, in unison with radiation, triggered immunogenic death specifically on cancer cells starting from Pyroptosis, terminating in Necroptosis. Moscatilin, when used singly, could evoke immunogenic cell death. Analyses of Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns released during radiation and Moscatilin treatment would aid in ascertaining the mode of cell death. Moscatilin is a potential radiosensitizer and must be tested for preclinical and clinical trials to combat cancer.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-021-02827-3.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-021-02827-3.Enzymes are the complex protein moieties, catalyze the rate of chemical reactions by transforming various substrates to specific products and play an integral part in multiple biochemical cycles. Advancement in enzyme research and its integration with industries have reformed the biotech industries. It provides a superior monetary and ecological exchange to traditional material measures in an efficient and environmentally sustainable manner. The cost-effective production of pure and highly active enzymes is still a challenge for the biocatalyst industries. The use of high purity substrates further raises the cost of a typical biocatalyst. click here The use of low-cost plant-based biomasses as an enticing and sustainable substrate for enzyme production is the most cost-effective approach to these problems. Given the relevance of biomass as a substrate for enzyme development, this review article focuses on the key source, composition and major enzyme generated using various biomass residues. Furthermore, the difficulties associated with the use of biomass as a substrate and technical developments in this area, are also addressed. The use of waste biomass as a substrate lowers the ultimate cost for the production of biocatalysts while simultaneously reduces the waste burden from the environment.Growth performance and immune systems of tilapias could be improved by Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) and Jerusalem artichoke. This research aimed to determine the effects of Jerusalem artichoke on LGG viability after drying and pelleting and their subsequent exposure to simulated gastrointestinal conditions. Fresh LGG cells were added into wall material solutions, including alginate (AL), alginate + milk powder (AM), and alginate + milk powder + Jerusalem artichoke at different concentrations (AMJ). The solutions were then spray dried to obtain LGG powders. The powder with the highest cell number was then selected to mix with tilapia feed mash and pelleted using a nonthermal feed extruder to obtain pelleted feed containing LGG and Jerusalem artichoke. The LGG viability spray dried powders and pelleted feed were analyzed for their cell counts after drying and after exposure to simulated gastrointestinal conditions. The result showed that the number of viable cells in AMJ was significantly higher than AM and AL after drying. The number of viable cells under both simulated gastric and bile salt fluids was improved with the increasing of Jerusalem artichoke concentrations. The number of viable cells after pelleting process could be maintained. LGG in the pelleted feed could also survive under the simulated gastric and bile salt conditions. The study indicates that JA enhanced LGG viability after drying and exposure to simulated gastrointestinal conditions. The pelleted feed containing LGG and Jerusalem artichoke could be applied in tilapia farming, providing convenience to the farmers, and valuable effects to the fish.Dumping of solid waste in the non-engineered landfill is very common in the developing countries. Among the different disadvantages of this kind of landfilling, leachate is the major concern to public health, which is a toxic byproduct generated from the landfill; and can percolate to the ground water and consequently migrate in surface water. Using systematic review on published data, the present study endeavors to compare the leachate contamination potential of four major landfills of Bangladesh, named Amin Bazar, Matuail, Mogla Bazar and Rowfabad; which are situated in 3 of the 6 big mega cities of Bangladesh and assessed the effects of leachate leakage on surrounding water body as well as on human health. This study, for the first time calculated the leachate pollution index (LPI) for the landfill sites of Bangladesh and found that the LPI of Matuail landfill site (19.81) is much higher which is comparable to some polluted landfill sites of India and Malaysia. The concentrations of several potentially toxic metals found in the surface and ground water in the vicinity of the landfill sites were above the maximum permissible limit values of department of Environment, Bangladesh and World Health Organization (WHO). The human health risk index for toxic heavy metals in different vegetables and rice grain showed high health risk potential for Pb, Cd, Ni, and Mn. The total carcinogenic risk for Ni and Pb are found very high in the edible plants near those landfill sites, suggesting the risk of Ni and Pb induced carcinogenesis by the consumption of those plants. The present conditions of surface, ground water and agriculture products near the landfill sites of Bangladesh are much frightening to the biota and local inhabitants.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13201-021-01431-3.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13201-021-01431-3.
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