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Surprisingly, Catholic hagiography can teach us a lot about medicine. As an example, we present here the history of Saint Roch who is considered, along with Saint Sebastian, one of the two main Saints who act as protectors against plagues and have often been invoked by Catholic people during the recent COVID-19 pandemic. Whereas Saint Sebastian is associated with plagues only symbolically, Catholic tradition considers Saint Roch to have had real contact with the bubonic plague. Indeed, during his pilgrimage to Rome, Saint Roch helped people suffering from the plague and was, subsequently, himself infected. He was then forced to retire in solitary confinement to avoid the plague's spread and followed scrupulously the necessary restrictive measures. Saint Roch's story provides useful lessons about the importance of social responsibility by respecting the restrictive rules during difficult times such as the COVID-19 epidemic.This study aimed to estimate associations between adolescents' religiosity and their motivation to start and stop smoking. A school survey was carried out in Midwestern Brazil. Participants were never-smokers (n = 2073) and smokers (n = 116) aged 13-19 who answered a questionnaire. Religiosity was measured with the Duke Religion Index, and motivation with questions based on the Prime Theory of Motivation. Organizational, non-organizational, and intrinsic religiosity were associated with motivation to start smoking among never-smokers. Intrinsic religiosity was associated with smokers' motivation to quit. Findings indicate the protective role of religiosity in the motivational system that prompts smoking initiation and cessation during adolescence.The discovery of endogenous cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2 and their endogenous ligands has generated interest in the endocannabinoid system and has contributed to the understanding of the role of the endocannabinoid system. Its role in the normal physiology of the body and its implication in pathological states such as cardiovascular diseases, neoplasm, depression and pain have been subjects of scientific interest. In this review the authors focus on the endogenous cannabinoids, and the critical role of cannabinoid receptor signaling in neurodegeneration and other inflammatory responses such as gut, joint and skin inflammation. This review also discusses the potential of endocannabinoid pathways as drug targets in the amelioration of some inflammatory conditions. Though the exact role of the endocannabinoid system is not fully understood, the evidence found much clearly points to a great potential in exploiting both its central and peripheral pathways in disease management. Cannabinoid therapy has proven promising in several preclinical and clinical trials.Background Effective secondary prevention is essential for reducing stroke recurrence. Objective This parallel randomized-controlled study aimed to evaluate the impact of a pharmaceutical care program on risk factor control (blood pressure, blood glucose, lipid profile, and medication adherence) and hospital readmissions in post-stroke care. Setting The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, China. Method Ischemic stroke patients were enrolled in the study. Upon hospital discharge, patients were randomly allocated either to a control group (CG, no pharmaceutical care) or to an intervention group (IG, monthly pharmaceutical care follow-up for 6 months). The interventions aimed to increase medication adherence and improve risk factor control through education and counseling. Medication adherence and surrogate laboratory markers of risk factors were assessed and compared between the two groups. Main outcome measures Blood pressure, blood glucose, lipid profile, and medication adherence. Results A total of 184 patients with ischemic strokes were randomly assigned, and 84 patients in IG and 82 in CG were analyzed. There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) in both groups concerning demographic and clinical characteristics. Compared to CG, at the 6-month follow-up, medication adherence rates significantly increased regarding antihypertensive drugs (92.86% versus 78.57%, P = 0.031), anti-diabetic drugs (91.67% versus 69.7%, P = 0.02), and lipid-lowering drugs (77.38% versus 60.98%, P = 0.022) in IG. Compared to CG, more patients in IG attained the goal surrogate risk factor control markers of hemoglobin A1c (87.88% vs. 52.78%, P = 0.038) and low-density lipoprotein-C (66.67% vs. 48.78%, P = 0.02). Significantly fewer patients were re-admitted to the hospital in IG than CG (7.14% vs. 18.3%, P = 0.03). Conclusion Pharmaceutical care programs can improve risk factor control for the secondary prevention of stroke recurrence in ischemic stroke patients.Nowadays, the brain-computer interface (BCI) systems attract much more attention than before, yet they have not found their ways into our lives since their accuracy is not satisfying. Error Related Potential (ErRP) is a potential that occurs in human brain signals when an unintended event happens, against ones' will and thoughts. An example is the occurrence of an error in BCI systems. Investigation of the ErRP could enable researchers to increase the accuracy of BCI systems by detecting instances of inaccuracy in the system. click here In this research the effects of two parameters on the ErRP are studied (1) The Motor Imagery Time, also known as Inter-Stimulus Interval (ISI) and (2) different types of feedback (Visual and Tactile). The statistical analysis of the ErRP characteristics showed that feedback type meaningfully affects the ErRP in a cue-paced BCI system and it will affect the time of occurrence of this potential. To validate the proposed idea, different feature extraction, and classification techniques were used for the classification of the BCI system responses. It was shown that by proper selection of the parameters and features, the accuracy of the system could be improved. Tactile feedback together with higher ISI could increase the accuracy of finding erroneous trials up to 90%. The proposed method's accuracy was significantly higher (p-value  less then  0.05) compared to other methods of feature extraction.
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