Notes

Females power amongst school as well as administrative employees in Saudi schools: The cross-sectional research.
An egg of the critically endangered flapper skate Dipturus intermedius was successfully incubated to hatching in captivity in what is believed to be a first for the species. Water conditions (temperature, salinity, flow rate) were recorded, with mean water temperatures ranging from a monthly mean of 8.3 ± 1.2 to 13.2 ± 0.3°C and salinity from a monthly mean of 30.5 ± 1.2 to 36.6 ± 2.3 ppt. Hatching occurred after 534 days, suggesting that flapper skate eggs take c. 5700 growing degree-days to incubate to hatching. The egg's prolonged embryonic development raises concerns about flapper skate eggs' vulnerability to anthropogenic disturbance.Diatoms are microalgae well known for their high variability and high primary productivity, being responsible for about 20% of the annual global carbon fixation. Moreover, they are interesting as potential feedstocks for the production of biofuels and high-value lipids and carotenoids. Diatoms exhibit trophic flexibility and, under certain conditions, they can grow mixotrophically by combing photosynthesis and respiration. ABL001 ic50 So far, only a few species of diatoms have been tested for their mixotrophic metabolism; in some cases, they produced more biomass and with higher lipid content when grown under this condition. Phaeodactylum tricornutum is the most studied diatom species for its mixotrophic metabolism due to available genome sequence and molecular tools. However, studies in additional species are needed to better understand the conservation of this process in diatoms and its potential in industrial applications. Here, we describe the photosynthetic and respiratory pathways involved in mixotrophy and provide an overview of the trophic variability in diatoms. This review also highlights promising areas of industrial applications for diatoms when cultivated under mixotrophy.
To analyze the patterns, risk factors, and salvage outcomes for locoregional recurrences (LRR) after treatment with transoral robotic surgery (TORS) for HPV-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPV+ OPSCC).

Retrospective analysis of HPV+ OPSCC patients completing primary TORS, neck dissection, and NCCN-guideline-compliant adjuvant therapy at a single institution from 2007 to 2017.

Features associated with LRR, detailed patterns of LRR, and outcomes of salvage therapy were analyzed. Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated for subgroups of patients receiving distinct adjuvant treatments.

Of 541 patients who completed guideline-indicated therapy, the estimated 5-year LRR rate was 4.5%. There were no identifiable clinical or pathologic features associated with LRR. Compared to patients not receiving adjuvant therapy, those who received indicated adjuvant radiation alone had a lower risk of LRR (HR 0.28, 95% CI [0.09-0.83], P=.023), but there was no difference in DFS (P=.21) and OS (P=.86) between adjuvant therapy groups. The 5-year OS for patients who developed LRR was 67.1% vs. 93.9% for those without LRR (P < .001). Patients who initially received adjuvant chemoradiation and those suffering local, in-field, and/or retropharyngeal node recurrences had decreased disease control after salvage therapy.

LRR rates are low for HPV+ OPSCCs completing TORS and guideline-compliant adjuvant therapy. Patients without indication for adjuvant therapy more often suffer LRR, but these recurrences are generally controllable by salvage therapy. Improved understanding of the patterns of recurrence most amenable to salvage therapy may guide treatment decisions, counseling, and adjuvant therapy de-escalation trials.

3 Laryngoscope, 2021.
3 Laryngoscope, 2021.
The aim of this study was to examine the association between systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and periodontitis in Norway during a 10-year period from 2008 through 2017.

In this population-based study, 1990 patients were included in the SLE-cohort based on diagnostic codes registered in the Norwegian Patient Registry. The control group (n=170,332) comprised patients registered with diagnostic codes for non-osteoporotic fractures or hip or knee replacement because of osteoarthritis. The outcome was periodontitis, defined by procedure codes registered in the Control and Payment of Health Refunds database. Logistic regression analyses were performed to estimate odds ratio for periodontitis in patients versus controls adjusted for potential covariates.

Periodontitis was significantly more common in SLE patients compared to controls (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.47-2.14) and the difference was highest in SLE-patients 20 to 30 years of age (OR 3.24, 95% CI 1.23 - 8.52). The periodontitis rate in SLE patients was in the same range as for patients with diabetes mellitus type 2.

Patients with SLE had an almost doubled risk of periodontitis compared with the control population, and the difference was most accentuated in the young patients. These findings warrant an increased focus on dental health in SLE-patients.
Patients with SLE had an almost doubled risk of periodontitis compared with the control population, and the difference was most accentuated in the young patients. These findings warrant an increased focus on dental health in SLE-patients.
Since 2016, six states have legalized physician-hastened death (PHD). Neuromuscular disorders, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), are common diagnoses for patients who use PHD, but how patients with ALS view PHD in California has not been systematically studied. We aimed to quantify how many patients with ALS and their caregivers have considered PHD and to assess reasons to consider using or not using it.

This is a cross-sectional study at one ALS center surveying patients with ALS and their caregivers. Data on disease characteristics, demographics, quality of life, and depression were also collected. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. Qualitative data were also collected and analyzed. Patients were followed up longitudinally to assess if they died or if they used PHD.

A small majority of ALS patients surveyed had considered or would consider using PHD (16/30). Patients most commonly described having intolerable symptoms, being a burden on their loved ones, and losing independence as reasons to consider using PHD.
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