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Vulnerable colorimetric aptasensor depending on stimuli-responsive metal-organic platform nano-container and trivalent DNAzyme regarding zearalenone perseverance throughout food trials.
Moreover, the efficient separation of LA in the water-MIBK biphasic system by extracting LA to the MIBK phase minimizes the side reactions of LA and thus the formation of humins while significantly improving the LA yield. The conversion of HMF and the selectivity for LA are 100 and 95.6% at 120 °C for 35 min, respectively. The free energy (ΔG) and activation energy (E a) of the reaction are -30 kcal mol-1 and 13.7 kJ mol-1, respectively. The developed process provides a green, sustainable, and efficient pathway to produce LA from biomass-derived HMF under mild conditions.Two-dimensional semiconductors such as MoS2 are promising for future electrical devices. The interface to metals is a crucial and critical aspect for these devices because undesirably high resistances due to Fermi level pinning are present, resulting in unwanted energy losses. To date, experimental information on such junctions has been obtained mainly indirectly by evaluating transistor characteristics. The fact that the metal-semiconductor interface is typically embedded, further complicates the investigation of the underlying physical mechanisms at the interface. Here, we present a method to provide access to a realistic metal-semiconductor interface by large-area exfoliation of single-layer MoS2 on clean polycrystalline gold surfaces. This approach allows us to measure the relative charge neutrality level at the MoS2-gold interface and its spatial variation almost directly using Kelvin probe force microscopy even under ambient conditions. By bringing together hitherto unconnected findings about the MoS2-gold interface, we can explain the anomalous Raman signature of MoS2 in contact to metals [ACS Nano. 7, 2013, 11350] which has been the subject of intense recent discussions. In detail, we identify the unusual Raman mode as the A1g mode with a reduced Raman shift (397 cm-1) due to the weakening of the Mo-S bond. TAE226 cell line Combined with our X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data and the measured charge neutrality level, this is in good agreement with a previously predicted mechanism for Fermi level pinning at the MoS2-gold interface [Nano Lett. 14, 2014, 1714]. As a consequence, the strength of the MoS2-gold contact can be determined from the intensity ratio between the reduced A1greduced mode and the unperturbed A1g mode.Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is an attractive biomaterial due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and fiber-forming ability. However, the polymer is highly susceptible to both hydrolytic and thermal degradation during processing. Melt processing conditions typically involve high temperature and shear, whereas to prevent premature degradation, PLA needs to be processed under the mildest conditions that still yield the desired yarn properties. Thus, there is a need to determine the optimum processing conditions to achieve the desired properties of extruded PLA yarn. This study focuses on the effect of melt-spinning process parameters on the mechanical and physicochemical properties of the resulting PLA yarn and to derive their process-property relationships. The study compares the effect of process parameters like melt temperature, throughput through the spinneret, take-up speed at the wind-up roller, draw ratio, and drawing temperature on the yarn properties such as the yarn size (linear mass density), tenacity, elongation at break, crystallinity, and molecular weight. Depending on the combination of process parameters, the resulting PLA yarn had a yarn size ranging from 6.2 to 101.6 tex, tenacity ranging from 2.5 to 34.1 gf/tex, elongation at break ranging from 4 to 480%, and degree of crystallinity ranging from 14.6 to 62.2%. Certain combinations of processing parameters resulted in higher process-induced degradation, as evident from the reduction in molecular weight, ranging from 7.6% reduction to 20.5% reduction. Findings from this study increase our understanding on how different process parameters can be utilized to achieve the desired properties of the as-spun and drawn PLA yarn while controlling process-induced premature degradation.The Sophora mollis is one of the best anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancerous plant; therefore, the isolated chemical constituents, that is, scopoletin (1), pinitol (2), 2-propenoic acid, 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-octacosyl ester (3), betulin (4), and β-sitosterol glucoside (5) were tested for these folklores. The structures of the isolated compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 2D-NMR, and mass spectral data. The anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antiglycation, and antioxidant activities of compounds 1-5 were evaluated using different assays. Compound 1 exhibited significant anti-inflammatory effect as it reduced edema of the paw (83.98%), which is more potent than the standard drug (ibuprofen) (which showed an inhibition percentage of 73.22% a), followed by compound 3. Furthermore, compound 3 showed significant free-radical scavenging activity using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) free-radical assay. Percentage inhibition of DPPH recorded was 95.646 ± 0.003, 94.766 ± 0.014, and 94.516 ± 0.011% at concentrations of 400, 200, and 100 μg/mL, respectively. Evaluation of anticancer activity of isolated compounds reveals weak effect against HeLa and 3T3 cell lines. Docking studies of the most active compound into the binding sites of cyclooxygenase isoforms showed a better antagonistic potential against COX-1 than the COX-2 isoform.Herein, the antiproliferative effect of surface-decorated gold nanorods (GNRs) was investigated against three different breast cancer cell lines. The results indicate that the cell lines exhibited different biological responses and death modalities toward the treatment. The cell lines exhibited similar cellular uptake of the nanoparticles; however, MDA-MB-231 demonstrated the highest cytotoxicity compared to other cell lines upon treatment with GNRs. The expression of the CDH1 gene, which is involved in cell adhesion and metastasis, was dramatically increased in treated MDA-MB-231 cells compared to other cell lines. Early apoptosis and late apoptosis are the dominant cellular death modalities of MDA-MB-231 cells upon treatment with GNRs.Polymeric materials with a low dielectric constant are widely used in the electronic industry due to their properties. In particular, polymer adhesives can be used in many applications such as wafer bonding and three-dimensional integration. Benzocyclobutene (BCB) is a very interesting material thanks to its excellent bonding behavior and dielectric properties. Usually, BCB is applied by spin-coating, although this technology does not allow the fabrication of complex patterns. To obtain complex patterns, it is necessary to use a printing technology, such as inkjet printing. However, inkjet printing of BCB-based inks has not yet been investigated. Here, we show the feasibility of printing complex patterns with a BCB-based ink, reaching a resolution of 130 μm. We demonstrate that with a proper dilution, BCB-based inks enter the printability window and drop ejection is achieved without the formation of satellite drops. In addition, we present the conditions in which there is an appearance of the coffee ring effect. Inks that feature a too high interaction with the substrate are more likely to show the coffee ring effect, deteriorating the printing quality. We also observe that it is possible to achieve a better film uniformity by increasing the number of printed layers, due to redissolution of the BCB-based polymer that helps to level possible inhomogeneities. Our work represents the starting point for an in-depth study of BCB-based polymer fabrication using jet printing technologies, as a comparison of the bonding quality obtained with different materials and different technologies could give more information and broaden the perspective regarding this field.Textile dyes from wastewater effluent are highly toxic to both living species and aqueous environments. An environmentally friendly method to remove hazardous dyes from wastewater in the textile industry has been a challenge. Chitosan (CS) and activated carbon (AC) are widely used as adsorbents for dye removal. However, the poor porosity and unsatisfactory stability of CS and the unfriendly cost of AC limited their applications to be used alone as a single adsorbent. Here, we report a novel method to prepare a CS/AC membrane using PEG10000 as a porogen and sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) as a cross-linking agent. The adsorption efficiency and reusability of the PEG/TPP-modified CS/AC membrane to remove RhB were investigated based on dynamic and static adsorption models. The results reveal that the adsorption performance of CS/AC membranes was significantly improved after the PEG/TPP modification based on the abundance macroporous structure. The modified CS/AC membrane with a 30% AC doping ratio exhibited an excellent adsorption efficiency of 91.29 and 73.91% in the dynamic and static adsorption processes, respectively. These results provide new insights into designing membranes to remove dyes from wastewater efficiently.Using the first-principles theory, this paper studies the Rh-doping behavior on the ZnO monolayer and investigates the adsorption and sensing behaviors of a Rh-doped ZnO (Rh-ZnO) monolayer to NO2 and O3 to explore its potential as a gas sensor to evaluate the operation status of the ring main unit in the power system. The results indicate that the Rh dopant can be stably anchored on the TO site of the ZnO monolayer with an E b of -2.11 eV. The Rh-ZnO monolayer shows chemisorption of NO2 and O3, with E ad values of -2.11 and -1.35 eV, respectively. Then, the electronic behavior of the Rh-ZnO monolayer before and after gas adsorption is analyzed in detail to uncover the sensing mechanism for gas detection. Our findings indicate that the Rh-ZnO monolayer is a promising resistance-type gas sensor with a higher response to O3 and can be explored as a field-effect gas sensor with a higher response to NO2. Our theoretical calculations provide the basic sensing mechanism of the Rh-ZnO monolayer for gas detection and would be meaningful to explore novel sensing materials for gas detection in the field of electrical engineering.The interactions of clays with freshwater in unconventional tight sandstones can affect the mechanical properties of the rock. The hydraulic fracturing technique is the most successful technique to produce hydrocarbons from unconventional tight sandstone formations. Knowledge of clay minerals and their chemical interactions with fracturing fluids is extremely vital in the optimal design of fracturing fluids. In this study, quaternary ammonium-based dicationic surfactants are proposed as clay swelling inhibitors in fracturing fluids to reduce the fractured face skin. For this purpose, several coreflooding and breakdown pressure experiments were conducted on the Scioto sandstone samples, and the rock mechanical properties of the flooded samples after drying were assessed. Coreflooding experiments proceeded in a way that the samples were flooded with the investigated fluid and then postflooded with deionized water (DW). Rock mechanical parameters, such as compressive strength, tensile strength, and linear elastic properties, were evaluated using unconfined compressive strength test, scratch test, indirect Brazilian disc test, and breakdown pressure test.
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