Notes

Comparison Examine in the Pharmacological Components and also Biological Effects of Polygonum aviculare M. herba Extract-Entrapped Liposomes compared to Quercetin-Entrapped Liposomes about Doxorubicin-Induced Accumulation upon HUVECs.
Patterns of food security persistently vary by race, yet limited research has examined how community-specific experiences of race and racism are associated with nutritional outcomes.

This analysis describes a novel approach for classifying experiences of race and racism and explores the relationship between identified classes and measures of food security and diet quality.

Cross-sectional self-reported survey data from 306 African American adults living in two urban midwestern cities were collected in 2017-18. Measures of racialized experiences assessed consciousness of race, perceived discrimination, and health effects of perceived discrimination. Food security was measured with a 6-item screener and diet quality with the Healthy Eating Index-2010. VX11e Latent class analysis was used to generate racialized classes. Bivariate analyses were conducted to examine differences in class membership by sociodemographics and nutrition outcomes.

Participants were majority women who were receiving Supplemental Nutriturity.
Findings offer an innovative method for measuring exposures to racism and for assessing its relationship to food security. Findings highlight heterogeneity of racialized experiences in similar contexts as well as potential root cause targets such as wages, education, home ownership, and employment that may be modulated to mitigate the effects of racism on food insecurity.
Among Black Americans, interpersonal racial discrimination is common. Stress, including following discrimination, contributes to pregnancy complications. In this secondary analysis, we provide data on associations among discrimination, stress, and their interaction across the life course and inflammation, perceived stress, and depressive symptoms during pregnancy.

During the early third trimester, Black American women (n = 93) completed the Experiences of Discrimination Scale, Stress and Adversity Inventory, Perceived Stress Scale, and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Inventory. Plasma interleukin(IL)-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α, and IL-β levels were quantified. link2 Associations were examined by linear regression, controlling for demographic, behavioral, and clinical covariates.

Associations among racial discrimination and plasma IL-8, TNF-α, and IL-β levels depended upon average ratings of life course stress. When stress was low, discrimination in the mid tertile was associated with ths, prenatal inflammation, perceived stress, and depressive symptoms may be shaped by racial discrimination and stress across the life course. In many cases, associations among discrimination and prenatal parameters depended upon how stressful exposures to life course stressors had been rated. The data suggest the potential for adaptive plasticity under some stress and highlight the deleterious nature of compounding stress.
The current analyses suggest that among Black Americans, prenatal inflammation, perceived stress, and depressive symptoms may be shaped by racial discrimination and stress across the life course. In many cases, associations among discrimination and prenatal parameters depended upon how stressful exposures to life course stressors had been rated. The data suggest the potential for adaptive plasticity under some stress and highlight the deleterious nature of compounding stress.
Annually, approximately 15 million babies are born preterm (< 37 weeks gestational age) globally. In the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) environment, infants are exposed to repeated stressful or painful procedures as part of routine lifesaving care. These procedures have been associated with epigenetic alterations that may lead to an increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders. Telomere length has been negatively associated with adverse life experiences in studies of adults.

This pilot study aimed to describe telomere length in a sample of preterm infants at NICU discharge and examine any associations with pain, feeding method, and neurodevelopment.

This descriptive pilot study sample includes baseline absolute telomere length (aTL) of 36 preterm infants immediately prior to discharge. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to determine absolute telomere length. Infant demographics, pain/stress, type of feeding, antibiotic use, neurodevelopment, and buccal swab data were collecignificant shorter telomere lengths among males. Additional large-scale, longitudinal studies are needed to better identify the predictors of telomere length at the time of discharge from NICU.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of topical ivermectin 1% cream application on the eyelashes in combination with eyelid hygiene in the treatment of Demodex blepharitis.

One hundred two eyes of 102 patients with symptomatic Demodex blepharitis were divided into 2 groups according to the use of topical ivermectin in this retrospective case-control study. The ivermectin group (n = 51) applied topical ivermectin 1% cream on the eyelashes for 15 minutes once weekly, but the control group (n = 51) did not. In both groups, eyelid hygiene was performed once daily. The Standard Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness (SPEED) symptom questionnaire score, Oxford staining score, eyelid debris, eyelid redness/swelling, and telangiectasia were assessed during the follow-up visits.

The mean follow-up periods of the ivermectin and control groups were 15.1 ± 9.7 weeks and 14.8 ± 8.6 weeks, respectively. The SPEED score and eyelid debris grade were significantly improved in both groups during the follow-u the efficacy of topical ivermectin 1% cream application in the treatment of Demodex blepharitis.
Proctored surgical instruction has traditionally been taught through in-person interactions in either the operating room or an improvised wet lab. Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, live in-person instruction was not feasible owing to social distancing protocols, so a virtual wet lab (VWL) was proposed and implemented. The purpose of this article is to describe our experience with a VWL as a Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) skills-transfer course. This is the first time that a VWL environment has been described for the instruction of ophthalmic surgery.

Thirteen participant surgeons took part in VWLs designed for DMEK skills transfer in September and October 2020. A smartphone camera adapter and a video conference software platform were the unique media for the VWL. After a didactic session, participants were divided into breakout rooms where their surgical scope view was broadcast live, allowing instructors to virtually proctor their participants in real time. Participants were surveyed to assess their satisfaction with the course.

All (100%) participants successfully injected and unfolded their DMEK grafts. Ten of the 13 participants completed the survey. Respondents rated the experience highly favorably.

With the use of readily available technology, VWLs can be successfully implemented in lieu of in-person skills-transfer courses. Further development catering to the needs of the participant might allow VWLs to serve as a viable option of surgical education, currently limited by geographical and social distancing boundaries.
With the use of readily available technology, VWLs can be successfully implemented in lieu of in-person skills-transfer courses. Further development catering to the needs of the participant might allow VWLs to serve as a viable option of surgical education, currently limited by geographical and social distancing boundaries.
Acanthamoeba is a protozoan pathogen that is widely distributed in the environment. Given the opportunity, it can cause a serious eye infection known as Acanthamoeba keratitis as well as a fatal brain infection known as granulomatous amoebic encephalitis. Inappropriate use of contact lenses can contribute to contracting Acanthamoeba keratitis, and contact lens disinfectants are not always effective in eradicating Acanthamoeba. link3 Therefore, there is a need to develop novel antimicrobial agents with efficient antiamoebic properties.

In this study, we tested octadecyltrimethylammonium (ODTMA)-clay (montmorillonite) complex as a novel antiamoebic agent.

Using A. castellanii belonging to the T4 genotype of keratitis origin, amobicidal assays were performed to determine the effects of ODTMA-cay complex on the viability of parasites at various concentrations ranging from 10 to 100 μg. Adhesion and cytopathogenicity assays were performed to investigate ODTMA effects on A. castellanii-mediated binding and damage t in a contact lens cleaning solution to formulate effective disinfectants is discussed further.
To investigate the expression of the keratinization-related protein, filaggrin, in the lid margin epithelium of contact lens (CL) wearers compared with nonwearers.

This was a cross-sectional study of 100 individuals with different exposures to CL wear short, moderate, and long experience; previous CL wearers; and nonwearers as controls. Impression cytology samples were collected from the lid wiper (LW) area of the central upper lid margin. After fixing, an equal, random sample was selected from each group (n=13) for immunocytochemistry analysis using antihuman primary anybody (mouse filaggrin), then stained with secondary antibody (fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated donkey anti-mouse immunoglobulin G horseradish peroxidase) to detect filaggrin. Imaging was performed with the 3i-Vivo 2-photon microscope equipped with a Zeiss 20×-objective and SlideBook-reader software.

Sixty-five samples from 65 participants (37 women; mean age±SD 25.1±4.1 years) were collected. Filaggrin was detected in all 65 random other keratinization biomarkers that are not detected in the normal mucocutaneous junction/LW may help to understand the keratinization nature of LW epithelium changes in CL wearers.
We aimed to compare specular microscopy, biometric, refractive, and anterior segment topographic parameters in children with thalassemia major (TM) with normal children of the same age.

This cross-sectional study included 55 eyes of 55 patients with TM and 63 eyes of 63 age-sex-matched healthy children; all patients with TM were receiving treatment with blood transfusions every 3 to 4 weeks and an oral iron chelator deferasirox (DFX) (ICL670) tablet. A comprehensive ophthalmic examination was performed, including refraction (spherical equivalent), best-corrected visual acuity, slit-lamp bio microscopy, specular examination, optical biometry, intraocular pressure, anterior segment topography, and fundus examination.

Endothelial cell density (ECD) was 3,138 in the TM group and 2,996 in the control group (P=0.003). The mean central corneal thickness was significantly thinner in the TM group (P=0.010). Flat keratometry (K1) was 43.5 D in the study group and 42.9 D in the control group (P=0.039). The mean anterior chamber depth (ACD) was shallower in the TM group (P=0.004); axial length (AL) was significantly shorter in the TM group (P=0.002).

This study shows that there are differences in ECD, AL, keratometry values, ACD, and anterior segment parameters of pediatric patients with TM compared with healthy controls.
This study shows that there are differences in ECD, AL, keratometry values, ACD, and anterior segment parameters of pediatric patients with TM compared with healthy controls.
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