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Aftereffect of Work-related Safety and health Training for China Construction Staff In line with the CHAID Decision Shrub.
At baseline, mean calcium intake was 641 mg/d in girls and 660 mg/d in boys. Calcium intake in boys showed a significant (p less then 0.05) relationship with TBLH BMC and TBLH aBMD at follow-up, and with changes in TBLH BMC, TBLH aBMD, and TB BMAD from baseline to follow-up. After adjusting for potential confounding factors including body weight, we found no significant relationships between calcium intake and bone mineral parameters. Further studies are needed to clarify whether calcium intake affects bone mineral acquisition during pubertal growth spurts in the Japanese population.The main purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of pre-exercise glucose ingestion after a 2.5-h fast on the endurance capacity and blood glucose response in East Asian athletes who is expected to have genetically low insulin response. A total of 8 Japanese student athletes ingested 1.5 g/kg body mass of glucose (G trial) or 0.5 g/kg body mass of artificial sweetener dissolved in water (P trial) 30 min before exercise test after consuming a standardized breakfast. The exercise test comprised 40 min cycling exercise at 50% maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), immediately followed by cycling to exhaustion at 70% VO2max. Before analyzing the data, we grouped the subjects into two groups depending on whether they showed rapid increase in blood glucose at the onset of exercise (increase rate in LOW group is less then 20% and HIGH group is ≥20%) to evaluate subject's insulin response to glucose feeding. No subjects developed rebound hypoglycemia ( less then 70 mg/dL) in the G trial of both group. Significantly higher blood glucose during exercise was recognized only in the G trial of LOW group. Although no significant difference was observed between the two trials of both group, cycling time to exhaustion in the LOW group tended to increase because of glucose ingestion. These results suggest that pre-exercise ingestion of glucose in East Asian student athletes does not induce rebound hypoglycemia regardless of difference in individual insulin responses. Furthermore, individuals with low insulin responses seem to improve endurance performance with glucose ingestion before exercise.The acute metabolic effect of low dosages of L-carnitine under fat-mobilizing conditions was investigated. GSK864 supplier Healthy subjects (Study 1 n=5; Study 2 n=6) were asked to fast overnight. Then, 30 min of aerobic exercise on a cycle ergometer was performed after supplementation, followed by a 3.5-h sedentary recovery phase. The following ingestion patterns were used Study 1 (i) noningestion, (ii) 750 mg of L-carnitine (LC), and (iii) 750 mg of LC+50 g of carbohydrate (CHO); Study 2 (iv) noningestion, (v) 500 mg of LC, (vi) 30 mg of CoQ10, and (vii) 500 mg of LC+30 mg of CoQ10. The energy expenditure (EE) and nonprotein respiratory quotient (npRQ) were measured during the pre-exercise, postexercise, and recovery periods. Serum free carnitine, acetylcarnitine, total carnitine (Study 1 and 2), and ketone bodies (Study 2) were measured. The 750 mg LC treatment significantly facilitated fat oxidation during the recovery phases (p less then 0.05) without elevating EE. The higher fat oxidation associated with LC was completely suppressed by CHO. CoQ10 affected neither npRQ nor EE. npRQ was significantly correlated with the serum total ketone bodies (R=-0.68, p less then 0.001) and acetylcarnitine (R=-0.61--0.70, p less then 0.001). The highest correlation was found between acetylcarnitine and total ketone bodies immediately after exercise (R=0.85, p less then 0.001). In conclusion, LC enhanced liver fat utilization and ketogenesis in an acute manner without stimulating EE under fat-mobilizing conditions.The present guidelines for sports nutrition recommend relatively higher doses of carbohydrates (CHO) for endurance exercise. There is a need for novel food products that are solid but easy to swallow and supply a large dose of CHO without gastrointestinal distress (ingesting a large amount of sugar solution may cause gastrointestinal distress because of its high osmolality). We prepared a modified rice cake (SPRC, sweet potato rice cake) and assessed its properties in swallowing and mastication; we also assessed the availability of this modified rice cake as a CHO source during endurance exercise. The number of chewing strokes with the SPRC tended to be lower compared to glutinous rice cakes. The exercise protocol consisted of 1 h at 80% VO2max plus a continuous time trial. The subjects were administered a commercially available jelly drink (CHO gel) or SPRC at 0 and 30 min during exercise and immediately after completing the time trial. Heart rate, oxygen consumption, blood glucose elevation, and the rate of perceived exertion did not differ among the trials during exercise. However, the visual analog scale rating revealed that SPRC significantly suppressed hunger and sweetness ratings (p less then 0.05) and tended to suppress thirst ratings (p less then 0.10) during exercise. The palatability rating did not differ between the SPRC and CHO gel during exercise at 80% VO2max and immediately after the time trial. In conclusion, pre- and during exercise ingestion of the SPRC suppressed sweetness, thirst, and hungry ratings without interfering with exercise performance.Few follow-up surveys have been conducted with regard to the changes in diet of mothers of children with food allergy. We examined changes in food and BMI over time in the mothers of children with food allergies. A total of 146 mothers completed a diet survey twice, with the first conducted in 2013-2016 and the second in 2018, and the dietary changes were examined. Furthermore, among the 120 mothers who eliminated eggs from their diet in the first survey, 98 continued to eliminate eggs and 22 reintroduced eggs during the second survey, and the change over time was examined. Additionally, factors related to BMI were analyzed. We observed a change in the amount of egg intake over time within each group. As the number of children who consumed eggs as the causative food declined, the amount of eggs consumed by the concerned mothers significantly increased (median 7.8 g/1,000 kcal→12.7 g/1,000 kcal) (p less then 0.01), even in children who continued to not consume eggs. We found a negative correlation between BMI in mothers of children with FA and vegetable protein.
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