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Pediatric ocular diseases can be detectable through a comprehensive eye examination and most of them are preventable once they are discovered. There is a well known fact that children can have ocular pathology such as cataract, refractive errors, strabismus and amblyopia. In children, low vision can have a negative impact on their growth and development; therefore, any visual impairment must be detected as soon as possible to prevent amblyopia development.Mesenteric ischemia (MI) is a rare medical condition which involves insufficient blood supply, inflammatory injury and eventually bowel wall necrosis with high mortality rates. Acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) and chronic mesenteric ischemia (CMI) are the two major types of mesenteric ischemia. Therapeutic approach of MI includes medical as well as surgical treatment. This review article aims to delineate the abreast knowledge on indications, management through mesenteric bypass surgical technique, and clinical outcomes. Clinical presentation of AMI and CMI varies substantially, depending on the etiology underlying it. The most common symptom of AMI is abdominal pain that is disproportionate to the outcomes of physical exams; whereas CMI normally induces postprandial abdominal pain, commonly epigastric or periumbilical, nausea and weight loss. Recent awareness of AMI management revealed that exploratory laparotomy surgical procedure with careful evaluation of bowel viability played a pivotal role in restoring intestinal oxygenation and avoiding serious complications such as peritonitis and perforation of the gangrene bowels. The management of CMI is mainly surgical, with Aorta/Iliac-SMA bypass and Aorta-Splenic bypass being the currently available options. Due to the high thrombosis levels, only patients whose surgical risk outweighs possible benefits are required for medical care as a single treatment. Furthermore, this review also postulates that aorto mesenteric revascularization procedures for chronic mesenteric ischemia are feasible, but involve careful selection of patients, and they should only be performed by vascular surgeons with extensive experience in laparoscopic vascular surgery at referral centers.Background The present paper examines the correlations between coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) from a clinical and pathophysiological point of view. Method We describe COVID-19 and HUS by outlining the similarities and differences, detailing each one's pathway into the body, explaining the consequences of the inflammatory response, mainly on multiple organ dysfunction, the foremost complication that can lead to death in both cases. Using reviews from specialized literature and guidelines, we had an approach based on critical interpretive synthesis. Nonetheless, the present article has certain limitations, mainly due to the short period from the emergence of the virus and the everincreasing body of research that have been shedding light each day. Discussion Both COVID-19 and HUS require binding to a membrane receptor to trigger the pathophysiological mechanism. Despite the evident difference in tropism, both conditions develop with severe endothelial dysfunction, microangiopathy and important inflammatory response, responsible for MODS. The role of the coagulation pathway is more significant in COVID-19 but less in HUS. Excessive complement activation appears to be a determinant of severe prognosis in both diseases. Regarding COVID-19, children have a milder symptomatology than adults, but in some cases the paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome (PIMS) is described.In the past years, scientific research has highlighted the presence of a new cardiovascular risk factor, the implications of which have not been sufficiently studied so far. It is different from conventional risk factors because it acts independently at the endothelial level, having important proatherogenic properties. Through its action, this risk factor leads to increased oxidative stress and promotes the onset of atherosclerosis faster than other well-known risk factors so far. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is a methylprotein that arises from posttranslational methylation of proteins. Its importance has emerged in recent years, when the rate of cardiovascular mortality among patients with chronic kidney disease has been high. The distinctive element of this risk factor compared to other well-known ones is given by its ability to compete directly with nitric oxide synthase, being its strongest endogenous inhibitor, with strong proatherogenic attributions. Given that ADMA has tight correlations with atherogenesis and endothelial damage, its assessment should be taken into consideration for any patient who has been recently diagnosed with high blood pressure.Background and aims Identification of coronary artery disease by non-invasive means is a subject of interest for all. Myocardial strain has shown some promising results. This study intends to see if change in strain value correlates with the angiographic findings in patients with stable angina. It is also assessing whether myocardial strain can predict the presence of coronary artery disease (CAD) in stable angina patients. this website Method This cross-sectional study was carried out on 84 stable angina patients with no previous cardiac history and normal LV function undergoing coronary angiogram for guideline-based indication. After careful history, clinical examination and investigations, including conventional echocardiography, selected participants underwent 2-D speckle tracking echocardiography for measurement of myocardial strain by automated functional imaging. All participants underwent coronary angiogram and stenosis >70% was considered significant. Gensini score was calculated. The myocardial strain value and le angina. It is an independent predictor of significant coronary artery disease, which it can detect with good sensitivity and specificity.Objectives The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of curing time and bleaching agents on microhybrid composite resin surface microhardness. Material and method A total of 180 microhybrid composite resin disks were divided into two groups in terms of curing time 40 s, 60 s. Then, each group was divided into three subgroups control (distilled water), home bleaching (15% carbamide peroxide) and office bleaching (40% hydrogen peroxide). Surface microhardness of the samples was determined by using Vickers hardness test both at baseline and after the completion of the tests. Two-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests were used to analyze and compare microhardness changes between groups. Statistical significance was defined at P less then 0.05. Results Based on the two-way ANOVA, curing time, bleaching method, and cumulative effect of these two variables significantly affected composite resin microhardness (P less then 0.001). Tukey HSD tests showed that microhardness had significantly decreased in the bleaching groups, with the highest decrease when the office bleaching method was used (P less then 0.
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